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Literature summary for 3.1.4.4 extracted from
- Phospholipase D in endocytosis and endosomal recycling pathways (2009), Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 1791, 845-849.
Activating Compound
| Activating Compound | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|
| Arf proteins | activate isozyme PLD1 and a truncated form of PLD2 | Homo sapiens | |
| phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate | binds to N-terminal phox consensus sequence of PLD1 and PLD2 | Homo sapiens |  |
| phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate | binds to N-terminal pleckstrin homology of PLD1 and PLD2 | Homo sapiens | |
| Protein kinase C | activates isozyme PLD1 | Homo sapiens | |
| Rho GTPases | activate isozyme PLD1 | Homo sapiens |
Localization
| Localization | Comment | Organism | GeneOntology No. | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| endosome membrane | PLD1 is associated with late endosomes and also at the plasma membrane. PLD2 is located at the plasma membrane and also associated with clathrin-independent endosomes in HeLa cells | Homo sapiens | 10008 | - |
| plasma membrane | PLD1 is associated with late endosomes and also at the plasma membrane. PLD2 is located at the plasma membrane and also associated with clathrin-independent endosomes in HeLa cells | Homo sapiens | 5886 | - |
Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)
| Natural Substrates | Organism | Comment (Nat. Sub.) | Natural Products | Comment (Nat. Pro.) | Rev. | Reac. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| phosphatidylcholine + H2O | Homo sapiens | - |
choline + phosphatidic acid | - |
? | |
Organism
| Organism | UniProt | Comment | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|
| Homo sapiens | - |
isozynmes PLD1 and PLD2 | - |
Source Tissue
| Source Tissue | Comment | Organism | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|
| HeLa cell | - |
Homo sapiens | - |
Substrates and Products (Substrate)
| Substrates | Comment Substrates | Organism | Products | Comment (Products) | Rev. | Reac. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| additional information | during PLD stimulation of phosphatidylcholine hydrolysis, primary alcohols can replace water in the transphosphatidylation reaction forming phosphatidylbutanol instead of phosphatidic acid | Homo sapiens | ? | - |
? | |
| phosphatidylcholine + H2O | - |
Homo sapiens | choline + phosphatidic acid | - |
? | |
| phosphatidylcholine + H2O | the basal activity of PLD1 is lower than that of isozyme PLD2 | Homo sapiens | choline + phosphatidic acid | - |
? | |
Subunits
| Subunits | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| More | the two PLDs have similar structure with amino terminal phox consensus sequence and pleckstrin homology domains, which bind to phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate and PI4,5P2 respectively, followed by two catalytic domains in the second half of the protein | Homo sapiens |
Synonyms
| Synonyms | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| PLD | - |
Homo sapiens |
| PLD1 | - |
Homo sapiens |
| PLD2 | - |
Homo sapiens |
General Information
| General Information | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| malfunction | inhibition of RalA or PKC, activators of PLD, also inhibits endocytosis of EGFR | Homo sapiens |
| physiological function | phosphatidic acid, a lipid generated by PLD, favors membranes with negative curvature and thus can facilitate both membrane fission and fusion. Role for PLD in endocytosis and membrane recycling from endocytic pathways, overview. PLD is involved n internalization of signaling receptors in endocytosis | Homo sapiens |
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