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Literature summary for 3.1.4.38 extracted from
- Bovine brain myelin glycerophosphocholine choline phosphodiesterase is an alkaline lysosphingomyelinase of the eNPP-family, regulated by lysosomal sorting (2013), Neurochem. Res., 38, 300-310.
Application
| Application | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| diagnostics | the enzyme is a myelin marker enzyme, reflecting the quantity of myelin and mature oligodendrocytes | Bos taurus |
KM Value [mM]
| KM Value [mM] | KM Value Maximum [mM] | Substrate | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0.005 | - |
lysosphingomyelin | soluble isozyme, pH 8.0, 37°C | Bos taurus |  |
| 0.034 | - |
4-nitrophenyl phosphocholine | soluble isozyme, pH 8.0, 37°C | Bos taurus | |
| 2 | - |
lysophosphatidylcholine | soluble isozyme, pH 8.0, 37°C | Bos taurus | |
| 5 | - |
sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine | soluble isozyme, pH 8.0, 37°C | Bos taurus | |
Localization
| Localization | Comment | Organism | GeneOntology No. | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| membrane | two forms of brain GPC-Cpde, a membrane-linked, mGPC-Cpde, and a soluble, sGPC-Cpde | Bos taurus | 16020 | - |
| additional information | the truncated high mannose and bisected hybrid type glycans linked to N118 and N341 of the soluble isozyme sGPC-Cpde is a hallmark of glycans in lysosomal glycoproteins, subjected to GlcNAc-1-phosphorylation en route through the Golgi apparatus. The soluble isozyme sGPC-Cpde may originate from the lysosomes, suggesting that lysosomal sorting contributes to the level of membrane isozyme mGPC-Cpde on the myelin membrane | Bos taurus | - |
- |
| soluble | two forms of brain GPC-Cpde, a membrane-linked, mGPC-Cpde, and a soluble, sGPC-Cpde. The enzyme is solubilised by C-terminal proteolysis, releasing the GPI-anchor, the resulting soluble isozyme sGPCCpde exists in two conformations, a homodimer joined by a disulfide bridge linking C414 from each monomer, and a monomer resulting from proteolysis N-terminally to this disulfide bond | Bos taurus | - |
- |
Metals/Ions
| Metals/Ions | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|
| Co2+ | activates | Bos taurus | |
Molecular Weight [Da]
| Molecular Weight [Da] | Molecular Weight Maximum [Da] | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 55000 | - |
monomeric conformation of the soluble isozyme, gel filtration | Bos taurus |
| 110000 | - |
dimeric conformation of the soluble isozyme, gel filtration | Bos taurus |
Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)
| Natural Substrates | Organism | Comment (Nat. Sub.) | Natural Products | Comment (Nat. Pro.) | Rev. | Reac. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| lysophosphatidylcholine + H2O | Bos taurus | - |
choline + 2-lysophosphatidate | - |
? | |
| lysophosphatidylcholine + H2O | Bos taurus Norwegian Red Cattle | - |
choline + 2-lysophosphatidate | - |
? | |
| lysosphingomyelin + H2O | Bos taurus | best substrate of the soluble isozyme sGPC-Cpde | ? | - |
? | |
| lysosphingomyelin + H2O | Bos taurus Norwegian Red Cattle | best substrate of the soluble isozyme sGPC-Cpde | ? | - |
? | |
Organism
| Organism | UniProt | Comment | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|
| Bos taurus | - |
- |
- |
| Bos taurus Norwegian Red Cattle | - |
- |
- |
Posttranslational Modification
| Posttranslational Modification | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| glycoprotein | truncated high mannose and bisected hybrid type glycans are linked to N118 and N341 of the soluble isozyme sGPC-Cpde, a hallmark of glycans in lysosomal glycoproteins, subjected to GlcNAc-1-phosphorylation en route through the Golgi apparatus. All the four N-glycosylation sites N100KS, N118GS, N341ST and N406GS in the soluble isozyme sGPC-Cpde are occupied, mainly with endo H-sensitive glycans, QTOF-MS-MS analysis | Bos taurus |
| phosphoprotein | truncated high mannose and bisected hybrid type glycans are linked to N118 and N341 of the soluble isozyme sGPC-Cpde, a hallmark of glycans in lysosomal glycoproteins, subjected to GlcNAc-1-phosphorylation en route through the Golgi apparatus | Bos taurus |
| proteolytic modification | two forms of brain GPC-Cpde, a membrane-linked, mGPC-Cpde, and a soluble, sGPC-Cpde. The enzyme is solubilised by C-terminal proteolysis, releasing the GPI-anchor, the resulting soluble isozyme sGPCCpde exists as two conformations, a homodimer joined by a disulfide bridge linking C414 from each monomer, and a monomer resulting from proteolysis N-terminally to this disulfide bond | Bos taurus |
Purification (Commentary)
| Purification (Comment) | Organism |
|---|---|
| native enzyme from brain 396fold by heat treatment at 60°C, concanavalin A affinity chromatography, and hydroxylapatite chromatography, followed by dialysis, anion exchange chromatography and gel filtration | Bos taurus |
Source Tissue
| Source Tissue | Comment | Organism | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|
| brain | two forms of brain GPC-Cpde, a membrane-linked, mGPC-Cpde, and a soluble, sGPC-Cpde | Bos taurus | - |
| kidney | - |
Bos taurus | - |
| myelin membrane | membrane-linked isozyme mGPC-Cpde | Bos taurus | - |
| oligodendrocyte | the enzyme is expressed on the myelin membrane | Bos taurus | - |
Specific Activity [micromol/min/mg]
| Specific Activity Minimum [µmol/min/mg] | Specific Activity Maximum [µmol/min/mg] | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 3.2 | - |
purified native soluble isozyme, pH 8.0, 37°C, substrate 4-nitrophenyl phosphocholine | Bos taurus |
Substrates and Products (Substrate)
| Substrates | Comment Substrates | Organism | Products | Comment (Products) | Rev. | Reac. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4-nitrophenyl phosphocholine + H2O | - |
Bos taurus | 4-nitrophenol + phosphocholine | - |
? | |
| lysophosphatidylcholine + H2O | first leaving group is acylglycerol, second is phosphocholine | Bos taurus | ? | - |
? | |
| lysophosphatidylcholine + H2O | first leaving group is acylglycerol, second is phosphocholine | Bos taurus Norwegian Red Cattle | ? | - |
? | |
| lysophosphatidylcholine + H2O | - |
Bos taurus | choline + 2-lysophosphatidate | - |
? | |
| lysophosphatidylcholine + H2O | - |
Bos taurus Norwegian Red Cattle | choline + 2-lysophosphatidate | - |
? | |
| lysosphingomyelin + H2O | best substrate of the soluble isozyme sGPC-Cpde | Bos taurus | ? | - |
? | |
| lysosphingomyelin + H2O | best substrate of the soluble isozyme sGPC-Cpde. First leaving group is sphingosin, second is phosphocholine | Bos taurus | ? | - |
? | |
| lysosphingomyelin + H2O | best substrate of the soluble isozyme sGPC-Cpde | Bos taurus Norwegian Red Cattle | ? | - |
? | |
| lysosphingomyelin + H2O | best substrate of the soluble isozyme sGPC-Cpde. First leaving group is sphingosin, second is phosphocholine | Bos taurus Norwegian Red Cattle | ? | - |
? | |
| additional information | the soluble isozyme sGPC-Cpde is specific for lysosphingomyelin, displaying 1 to 2 orders of magnitude higher catalytic activity than towards sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine and lysophosphatidylcholine | Bos taurus | ? | - |
? | |
| additional information | the soluble isozyme sGPC-Cpde is specific for lysosphingomyelin, displaying 1 to 2 orders of magnitude higher catalytic activity than towards sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine and lysophosphatidylcholine | Bos taurus Norwegian Red Cattle | ? | - |
? | |
| sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + H2O | first leaving group is glycerol, second is phosphocholine | Bos taurus | glycerol + phosphocholine | - |
? | |
Subunits
| Subunits | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| dimer | dimeric conformation of the soluble isozyme, 2 * 55000, SDS-PAGE | Bos taurus |
| monomer | monomeric conformation of the soluble isozyme, 1 * 55000, SDS-PAGE | Bos taurus |
Synonyms
| Synonyms | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| alkaline lysosphingomyelinase | - |
Bos taurus |
| glycerophosphocholine choline phosphodiesterase | - |
Bos taurus |
| glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored alkaline hydrolase | - |
Bos taurus |
| GPC-Cpde | - |
Bos taurus |
| GPI-anchored alkaline hydrolase | - |
Bos taurus |
Temperature Optimum [°C]
| Temperature Optimum [°C] | Temperature Optimum Maximum [°C] | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 37 | - |
assay at | Bos taurus |
Turnover Number [1/s]
| Turnover Number Minimum [1/s] | Turnover Number Maximum [1/s] | Substrate | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | - |
sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine | soluble isozyme, pH 8.0, 37°C | Bos taurus | |
| 2 | - |
4-nitrophenyl phosphocholine | soluble isozyme, pH 8.0, 37°C | Bos taurus | |
| 2.5 | - |
lysophosphatidylcholine | soluble isozyme, pH 8.0, 37°C | Bos taurus | |
| 65 | - |
lysosphingomyelin | soluble isozyme, pH 8.0, 37°C | Bos taurus | |
pH Optimum
| pH Optimum Minimum | pH Optimum Maximum | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 8 | - |
assay at | Bos taurus |
General Information
| General Information | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| evolution | the soluble isozyme belongs to the eNPP enzyme family | Bos taurus |
| physiological function | the soluble isozyme may function in the sphingomyelin signaling, rather than in the homeostasis of acylglycerophosphocholine metabolites | Bos taurus |
kcat/KM [mM/s]
| kcat/KM Value [1/mMs-1] | kcat/KM Value Maximum [1/mMs-1] | Substrate | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | - |
sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine | soluble isozyme, pH 8.0, 37°C | Bos taurus | |
| 10 | - |
lysophosphatidylcholine | soluble isozyme, pH 8.0, 37°C | Bos taurus | |
| 70 | - |
4-nitrophenyl phosphocholine | soluble isozyme, pH 8.0, 37°C | Bos taurus | |
| 200 | - |
lysosphingomyelin | soluble isozyme, pH 8.0, 37°C | Bos taurus | |
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Release 2023.1 (January 2023)
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