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Literature summary for 2.8.2.4 extracted from

  • Prusakiewicz, J.J.; Harville, H.M.; Zhang, Y.; Ackermann, C.; Voorman, R.L.
    Parabens inhibit human skin estrogen sulfotransferase activity: possible link to paraben estrogenic effects (2007), Toxicology, 232, 248-256.
    View publication on PubMed

Inhibitors

Inhibitors Comment Organism Structure
4-hydroxybenzoate esters i.e.parabens, structure-activity relationship, overview Homo sapiens
4-hydroxybenzoic acid
-
Homo sapiens
butylparaben 50% inhibition at 0.021 mM, complete inhibition at 1 mM; strong inhibition, which is threefold higher in vivo than in vitro Homo sapiens
diclofenac
-
Homo sapiens
ethylparaben 50% inhibition at 0.080 mM Homo sapiens
Mefenamic acid
-
Homo sapiens
methylparaben 50% inhibition at 0.330 mM Homo sapiens
additional information no inhibition by hydroxybenzoic acid, while butylparaben blocks the skin cytosol sulfation of estradiol and estrone, but not the androgen dehydroepiandrosterone. Structure-activity-relationship of parabens as inhibitors of estrogen sulfation, potency of SULT inhibition increases as the paraben ester chain length increases, overview Homo sapiens
propylparaben 50% inhibition at 0.030 mM Homo sapiens
salicylic acid
-
Homo sapiens

Localization

Localization Comment Organism GeneOntology No. Textmining
cytosol
-
Homo sapiens 5829
-

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

Natural Substrates Organism Comment (Nat. Sub.) Natural Products Comment (Nat. Pro.) Rev. Reac.
3'-phosphoadenylyl sulfate + dehydroepiandrosterone Homo sapiens
-
adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + dehydroepiandrosterone 3-sulfate
-
?
3'-phosphoadenylyl sulfate + dehydroepiandrosterone Homo sapiens
-
adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + ?
-
?
3'-phosphoadenylyl sulfate + estradiol Homo sapiens
-
adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + estradiol 3-sulfate
-
?
3'-phosphoadenylyl sulfate + estradiol Homo sapiens
-
adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + estradiol sulfate
-
?
3'-phosphoadenylyl sulfate + estrone Homo sapiens
-
adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + estrone 3-sulfate
-
?
additional information Homo sapiens chronic topical application of parabens may lead to prolonged estrogenic effects in skin as a result of inhibition of estrogen sulfotransferase activity, overview. The skin anti-aging benefits of many topical cosmetics and pharmaceuticals could be derived, in part, from the estrogenicity of parabens ?
-
?

Organism

Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
Homo sapiens
-
-
-

Source Tissue

Source Tissue Comment Organism Textmining
epidermis
-
Homo sapiens
-
keratinocyte epidermal Homo sapiens
-
liver
-
Homo sapiens
-
NHEK cell
-
Homo sapiens
-
skin
-
Homo sapiens
-

Specific Activity [micromol/min/mg]

Specific Activity Minimum [µmol/min/mg] Specific Activity Maximum [µmol/min/mg] Comment Organism
0.00000000005
-
NHEK cell enzyme, cytosol, substrate beta-estradiol Homo sapiens
0.0000000001
-
skin enzyme, cytosol, substrate estrone Homo sapiens
0.0000000008
-
skin enzyme, cytosol, substrate dehydroepiandrosterone Homo sapiens
0.0000000011
-
skin enzyme, cytosol, substrate beta-estradiol Homo sapiens
0.0000000185
-
liver enzyme, cytosol, substrate beta-estradiol Homo sapiens

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
3'-phosphoadenylyl sulfate + dehydroepiandrosterone
-
Homo sapiens adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + dehydroepiandrosterone 3-sulfate
-
?
3'-phosphoadenylyl sulfate + dehydroepiandrosterone
-
Homo sapiens adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + ?
-
?
3'-phosphoadenylyl sulfate + estradiol
-
Homo sapiens adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + estradiol 3-sulfate
-
?
3'-phosphoadenylyl sulfate + estradiol
-
Homo sapiens adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + estradiol sulfate
-
?
3'-phosphoadenylyl sulfate + estrone
-
Homo sapiens adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + estrone 3-sulfate
-
?
additional information chronic topical application of parabens may lead to prolonged estrogenic effects in skin as a result of inhibition of estrogen sulfotransferase activity, overview. The skin anti-aging benefits of many topical cosmetics and pharmaceuticals could be derived, in part, from the estrogenicity of parabens Homo sapiens ?
-
?

Synonyms

Synonyms Comment Organism
estrogen sulfotransferase
-
Homo sapiens
SULT
-
Homo sapiens

Temperature Optimum [°C]

Temperature Optimum [°C] Temperature Optimum Maximum [°C] Comment Organism
37
-
assay at Homo sapiens

pH Optimum

pH Optimum Minimum pH Optimum Maximum Comment Organism
7.4
-
assay at Homo sapiens

IC50 Value

IC50 Value IC50 Value Maximum Comment Organism Inhibitor Structure
0.012
-
pH 7.4, 37°C, inhibition of estradiol sulfation, NHEK cells Homo sapiens butylparaben
0.021
-
pH 7.4, 37°C, inhibition of estradiol sulfation, liver cytosol Homo sapiens butylparaben
0.037
-
-
Homo sapiens butylparaben
0.037
-
pH 7.4, 37°C, inhibition of estradiol sulfation, skin cytosol Homo sapiens butylparaben
0.062
-
pH 7.4, 37°C, inhibition of estrone sulfation, skin cytosol Homo sapiens butylparaben