Literature summary for 2.7.13.3 extracted from

Lin, C.H.; Chung, K.R.
Specialized and shared functions of the histidine kinase- and HOG1 MAP kinase-mediated signaling pathways in Alternaria alternata, a filamentous fungal pathogen of citrus (2010), Fungal Genet. Biol., 47, 818-827.

Search for more literature for 2.7.13.3

Cloned(Commentary)

Cloned (Comment)	Organism
AaHSK1 DNA and amino acid sequence determination and analysis, cloning from strain EV-MIL31	Alternaria alternata

Protein Variants

Protein Variants	Comment	Organism
additional information	generation of an enzyme deletion mutant strain by gene disruption of AaHSK1 using a hygromycin phosphotransferase gene (HYG) cassette	Alternaria alternata

Localization

Localization	Comment	Organism	GeneOntology No.	Textmining
additional information	the enzyme lacks transmembrane domains	Alternaria alternata	-	-

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

Natural Substrates	Organism	Comment (Nat. Sub.)	Natural Products	Comment (Nat. Pro.)	Rev.	Reac.
additional information	Alternaria alternata	AaHSK1 may interact with AaHOG1 at post-translational levels	?	-	?
additional information	Alternaria alternata EV-MIL31	AaHSK1 may interact with AaHOG1 at post-translational levels	?	-	?

Organism

Organism	UniProt	Comment	Textmining
Alternaria alternata	D3J125	-	-
Alternaria alternata EV-MIL31	D3J125	-	-

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

Substrates	Comment Substrates	Organism	Products	Comment (Products)	Rev.	Reac.
additional information	AaHSK1 may interact with AaHOG1 at post-translational levels	Alternaria alternata	?	-	?
additional information	AaHSK1 may interact with AaHOG1 at post-translational levels	Alternaria alternata EV-MIL31	?	-	?

Subunits

Subunits	Comment	Organism
More	the enzyme AaHSK1 has several conserved domains and motifs, such as a HAMP (histidine kinase, adenylate cyclase, methyl binding protein, and phosphatase) domain and a dimerization/phosphoacceptor domain. AaHSK1 contains four repeat domains within HAMP	Alternaria alternata

Synonyms

Synonyms	Comment	Organism
AaHSK1	-	Alternaria alternata
Group III histidine kinase	-	Alternaria alternata
Group III HK	-	Alternaria alternata
two-component histidine kinase	-	Alternaria alternata

General Information

General Information	Comment	Organism
malfunction	impairment of the AaHSK1 gene does not reduce radial growth of the resulting two null mutants (HD1 and HD2) in the presence of tert-butyl-hydroxyperoxide, H2O2, KCl or NaCl, compared to the wild-type. Expression of a functional copy of the AaHSK1 gene in the HD1 null mutant fully restores the altered phenotypes. Deletion of AaHSK1 affects AaHOG1 phosphorylation. Fungal mutants impaired in AaHSK1, AaHOG1, AaAP1 (encoding a redox-responsive transcription factor) or AaFUS3 (encoding a MAP kinase) are all hypersensitive to 2-chloro-5-hydroxypyridine or 2,3,5-triiodobenzoic acid. Glucose enhances AaHOG1 phosphorylation and nuclear localization in the AaHSK1 deficient background. Genetic disruption of the AaHSK1 gene yields fungal strains that are insensitive to dicarboximide (iprodione and vinclozolin) and phenylpyrrole (fludioxonil) fungicides. Inactivation of the AaHSK1 or AaHOG1 gene does not alter the production of host-selective ACT toxin by Alternaria alternata	Alternaria alternata
metabolism	the AaHOG1-mediated pathway confers cellular resistance to salts and oxidative stress and bypasses AaHSK1. Accumulation of the AaHSK1 gene transcript is negatively regulated by AaHOG1, AaAP1 or AaFUS3. AaHOG1 is necessary for fungal pathogenicity, yet AaHSK1 is completely dispensable for pathogenicity. AaHSK1 functions in osmotic tolerance without involving AaHOG1. Relationships between the HOG1 MAP kinase and the histidine kinase in Alternaria alternata, overview	Alternaria alternata
physiological function	AaHSK1 is a primary regulator for cellular resistance to sugar osmotic stress and for sensitivity to dicarboximide or phenylpyrrole fungicides. Important role of AaHSK1 in osmotic adaption, specifically to sugar osmoticants. AaHSK1 does not play an essential role in fungal pathogenicity	Alternaria alternata

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Release 2023.1 (January 2023)