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Literature summary for 2.7.11.18 extracted from

  • Chen, C.; Tao, T.; Wen, C.; He, W.Q.; Qiao, Y.N.; Gao, Y.Q.; Chen, X.; Wang, P.; Chen, C.P.; Zhao, W.; Chen, H.Q.; Ye, A.P.; Peng, Y.J.; Zhu, M.S.
    Myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) regulates cell migration in a myosin regulatory light chain phosphorylation-independent mechanism (2014), J. Biol. Chem., 289, 28478-28488.
    View publication on PubMedView publication on EuropePMC

Activating Compound

Activating Compound Comment Organism Structure
Calmodulin required Mus musculus

Cloned(Commentary)

Cloned (Comment) Organism
gene Mylk, the MLCK locus encodes three transcripts from alternative promoters and produces two MLCK isoforms (short MLCK and long MLCK) and a C-terminal Ig module (telokin). Long MLCK (L-MLCK) is identical to short MLCK (S-MLCK) apart from a unique N-terminal extension containing two extra DFRXXL motifs and six Ig modules Mus musculus

Protein Variants

Protein Variants Comment Organism
additional information generation of enzyme MLCK deletion in intestinal smooth muscle cells, phenotype, overview Mus musculus

Metals/Ions

Metals/Ions Comment Organism Structure
Ca2+ required Mus musculus
Mg2+ required Mus musculus

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

Natural Substrates Organism Comment (Nat. Sub.) Natural Products Comment (Nat. Pro.) Rev. Reac.
ATP + [myosin light chain] Mus musculus non-muscle myosin II and preferred substrate smooth muscle myosin II ADP + [myosin light chain] phosphate
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?

Organism

Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
Mus musculus Q6PDN3
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-

Source Tissue

Source Tissue Comment Organism Textmining
intestine
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Mus musculus
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smooth muscle cell primary cultured cells Mus musculus
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Substrates and Products (Substrate)

Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
ATP + [myosin light chain] non-muscle myosin II and preferred substrate smooth muscle myosin II Mus musculus ADP + [myosin light chain] phosphate
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?
ATP + [myosin light chain] phosphorylation of Thr-18/Ser-19 on the regulatory light chain of myosin II Mus musculus ADP + [myosin light chain] phosphate
-
?

Subunits

Subunits Comment Organism
More the MLCK locus encodes three transcripts from alternative promoters and produces two MLCK isoforms (short MLCK and long MLCK) and a C-terminal Ig module (telokin). Long MLCK (L-MLCK) is identical to short MLCK (S-MLCK) apart from a unique N-terminal extension containing two extra DFRXXL motifs and six Ig modules Mus musculus

Synonyms

Synonyms Comment Organism
MLCK
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Mus musculus
myosin light chain kinase
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Mus musculus

Cofactor

Cofactor Comment Organism Structure
ATP
-
Mus musculus

General Information

General Information Comment Organism
malfunction MLCK activates myosin Mg-ATPase activity by phosphorylating Thr-18/Ser-19 on the RLC of myosin II, thereby initiating cross-bridge movements of both smooth muscle and non-muscle. MLCK deletion causes enhanced cell protrusion along with a reduction of membrane tension and is rescued by kinase-dead MLCK or five-DFRXXL motif. The deletion of MLCK results in fast cell migration, enhanced protrusion formation, but no alteration of myosin light chain phosphorylation. The mutant cells show reduced membrane tether force and fewer membrane F-actin filaments, as well as a higher average migrating velocity and protrusion compared to wild-type Mus musculus
physiological function MLCK regulates cell migration not by myosin regulatory light chain phosphorylation but possibly through a membrane tension-based mechanism, which is a distinct regulatory mechanism of protrusion during cell migration. MLCK is not required for myosin phosphorylation in a migrating cell, but negatively controls migration by maintaining membrane tension. A critical role of MLCK in cell migration involves regulating the cell membrane tension and protrusion necessary for migration, thereby stabilizing the membrane skeleton through F-actin-binding activity. MLCK regulates the membrane F-actin skeleton. MLCK regulates cell spreading through 5DFRXXL in a kinase-independent manner Mus musculus