Literature summary for 2.7.1.40 extracted from

Johnsen, U.; Hansen, T.; Schoenheit, P.
Comparative analysis of pyruvate kinases from the hyperthermophilic archaea Archaeoglobus fulgidus, Aeropyrum pernix, and Pyrobaculum aerophilum and the hyperthermophilic bacterium Thermotoga maritima. Unusual regulatory properties in hyperthermophilic archaea (2003), J. Biol. Chem., 278, 25417-25427.

Activating Compound

Activating Compound	Comment	Organism	Structure
AMP	allosteric activator	Thermotoga maritima

Cloned(Commentary)

Cloned (Comment)	Organism
-	Pyrobaculum aerophilum
-	Aeropyrum pernix
expression in Escherichia coli	Thermotoga maritima

Inhibitors

Inhibitors	Comment	Organism
ATP	allosteric inhibitor	Thermotoga maritima
KCl	40 mM, 50-60% decrease in activity of recombinant enzyme	Thermotoga maritima
NH4Cl	40 mM, 50-60% decrease in activity of recombinant enzyme	Thermotoga maritima

Metals/Ions

Metals/Ions	Comment	Organism
Ca2+	divalent cation required, at 1 mM Ca2+ activation results in 14% of the activity with Mg2+	Aeropyrum pernix
Ca2+	divalent cation required, at 1 mM Ca2+ activation results in 3% of the activity with Mg2+	Thermotoga maritima
Ca2+	divalent cation required, at 1 mM Ca2+ activation results in 7% of the activity with Mg2+	Archaeoglobus fulgidus
Co2+	divalent cation required, at 1 mM Co2+ activation results in 120% of the activity with Mg2+	Thermotoga maritima
Co2+	divalent cation required, at 1 mM Co2+ activation results in 170% of the activity with Mg2+	Aeropyrum pernix
Co2+	divalent cation required, at 1 mM Co2+ activation results in 80% of the activity with Mn2+	Pyrobaculum aerophilum
Cu2+	divalent cation required, at 1 mM Cu2+ activation results in 86% of the activity with Mg2+	Archaeoglobus fulgidus
Mg2+	divalent cation required	Thermotoga maritima
Mg2+	divalent cation required	Aeropyrum pernix
Mg2+	divalent cation required, at 1 mM highest activity with Mg2+	Archaeoglobus fulgidus
Mn2+	divalent cation required	Pyrobaculum aerophilum
Mn2+	divalent cation required, at 1 mM Mn2+ activation results in 160% of the activity with Mg2+	Aeropyrum pernix
Mn2+	divalent cation required, at 1 mM Mn2+ activation results in 35% of the activity with Mg2+	Thermotoga maritima
Mn2+	divalent cation required, at 1 mM Mn2+ activation results in 63% of the activity with Mg2+	Archaeoglobus fulgidus
additional information	1 mM Mg2+ does not shows significant activity. No activity is observed with Ca2+ and Zn2+	Thermotoga maritima
additional information	1 mM Mg2+ does not shows significant activity. No activity is observed with Ca2+ and Zn2+	Pyrobaculum aerophilum
Ni2+	divalent cation required, at 1 mM Ni2+ activation results in 2% of the activity with Mg2+	Archaeoglobus fulgidus
Zn2+	divalent cation required, at 1 mM Zn2 activation results in 2.5% of the activity with Mg2+	Thermotoga maritima
Zn2+	divalent cation required, at 1 mM Zn2+ activation results in 11% of the activity with Mg2+	Aeropyrum pernix
Zn2+	divalent cation required, at 1 mM Zn2+ activation results in 6.5% of the activity with Mg2+	Archaeoglobus fulgidus

Molecular Weight [Da]

Molecular Weight [Da]	Molecular Weight Maximum [Da]	Comment	Organism
48000	-	4 * 48000, SDS-PAGE	Pyrobaculum aerophilum
49000	-	4 * 49000, SDS-PAGE	Archaeoglobus fulgidus
51000	-	4 * 51000, SDS-PAGE	Aeropyrum pernix
51000	-	4 * 51000, native enzyme, SDS-PAGE	Thermotoga maritima
56000	-	4 * 56000, recombinant enzyme, SDS-PAGE	Thermotoga maritima
190000	-	recombinant enzyme, gel filtration	Thermotoga maritima
194000	-	native enzyme, gel filtration	Thermotoga maritima
203000	-	gel filtration	Archaeoglobus fulgidus
205000	-	gel filtration	Pyrobaculum aerophilum
207000	-	gel filtration	Aeropyrum pernix

Organism

Organism	UniProt	Comment	Textmining
Aeropyrum pernix	-	-	-
Archaeoglobus fulgidus	-	-	-
Archaeoglobus fulgidus 7324	-	-	-
Pyrobaculum aerophilum	-	-	-
Thermotoga maritima	-	-	-

Purification (Commentary)

Purification (Comment)	Organism
-	Archaeoglobus fulgidus
-	Thermotoga maritima
-	Pyrobaculum aerophilum
-	Aeropyrum pernix

Specific Activity [micromol/min/mg]

Specific Activity Minimum [µmol/min/mg]	Specific Activity Maximum [µmol/min/mg]	Comment	Organism
320	-	-	Thermotoga maritima
1000	-	80°C	Archaeoglobus fulgidus

Subunits

Subunits	Comment	Organism
tetramer	4 * 51000, SDS-PAGE	Aeropyrum pernix
tetramer	4 * 48000, SDS-PAGE	Pyrobaculum aerophilum
tetramer	4 * 49000, SDS-PAGE	Archaeoglobus fulgidus
tetramer	4 * 51000, native enzyme, SDS-PAGE	Thermotoga maritima
tetramer	4 * 56000, recombinant enzyme, SDS-PAGE	Thermotoga maritima

Temperature Optimum [°C]

Temperature Optimum [°C]	Temperature Optimum Maximum [°C]	Comment	Organism
80	-	recombinant enzyme	Thermotoga maritima
85	-	-	Archaeoglobus fulgidus
95	-	above	Aeropyrum pernix
98	-	above	Pyrobaculum aerophilum

Temperature Stability [°C]

Temperature Stability Minimum [°C]	Temperature Stability Maximum [°C]	Comment	Organism
70	-	120 min, stable	Archaeoglobus fulgidus
90	-	half-life: 20 min	Archaeoglobus fulgidus
100	-	half-life: 220 min	Pyrobaculum aerophilum
100	-	120 min, stable	Aeropyrum pernix
100	-	almost complete loss of activity after 7 min. Addition of 1 M (NH4)2SO4 effectively stabilizes the enzyme agianst heat inactivation, retaining about 50% residual activity after incubation at 120 min	Archaeoglobus fulgidus
100	-	half-life: about 20 min, almost complete loss of activity after 120 min, native and recombinant enzyme, about 40% residual activity after 120 min incubation in presence of 1 M (NH4)2SO4	Thermotoga maritima
110	-	half-life: 30 min. (NH4)2SO4, NaCl or KCl, each at 1 mM, do not stabilize the enzyme agianst heat inactivation	Aeropyrum pernix

pH Optimum

pH Optimum Minimum	pH Optimum Maximum	Comment	Organism
5.9	-	recombiannt enzyme	Thermotoga maritima
6	-	-	Pyrobaculum aerophilum
6	-	native enzyme	Thermotoga maritima
6.1	-	-	Aeropyrum pernix
6.6	-	-	Archaeoglobus fulgidus

pH Range

pH Minimum	pH Maximum	Comment	Organism
5.5	7	about 30% of maximal activity at pH 5.5 and 7.0	Thermotoga maritima
5.5	7.5	about 50% of maximal activity at pH 5.5 and pH 7.5	Archaeoglobus fulgidus
5.5	7.5	about 50% of maximal activity at pH 5.5 and pH 7.5	Aeropyrum pernix