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Literature summary for 2.6.1.57 extracted from

  • Andreotti, G.; Cubellis, M.V.; Nitti, G.; Sannia, G.; Mai, X.; Marino, G.; Adams, M.W.W.
    Characterization of aromatic aminotransferases from the hyperthermophilic archaeon Thermococcus litoralis (1994), Eur. J. Biochem., 220, 543-549.
    View publication on PubMed
Search for more literature for 2.6.1.57

KM Value [mM]

KM Value [mM] KM Value Maximum [mM] Substrate Comment Organism Structure
0.23
-
 2-oxoglutarate
-
 Thermococcus litoralis
0.44
-
 2-oxoglutarate pH 7.6, 78°C, isoenzyme ArAT-I Thermococcus litoralis
0.49
-
 2-oxoglutarate pH 7.6, 78°C, isoenzyme ArAT-II Thermococcus litoralis
0.55
-
 L-phenylalanine pH 7.6, 78°C, isoenzyme ArAT-I Thermococcus litoralis
0.76
-
 2-oxoglutarate pH 7.6, 80°C Pyrococcus furiosus
1.15
-
 L-phenylalanine pH 7.6, 80°C, cosubstrate 2-oxoglutarate Pyrococcus furiosus
1.31
-
 L-tryptophan pH 7.6, 80°C, cosubstrate 2-oxoglutarate Pyrococcus furiosus
1.47
-
 L-tryptophan pH 7.6, 78°C, isoenzyme ArAT-I Thermococcus litoralis
1.55
-
 L-phenylalanine pH 7.6, 78°C, isoenzyme ArAT-II Thermococcus litoralis
2.1
-
 L-tyrosine pH 7.6, 80°C, cosubstrate 2-oxoglutarate Pyrococcus furiosus
2.37
-
 L-tyrosine pH 7.6, 78°C, isoenzyme ArAT-II Thermococcus litoralis
2.39
-
 L-tyrosine pH 7.6, 78°C, isoenzyme ArAT-I Thermococcus litoralis
4.62
-
 L-tryptophan pH 7.6, 78°C, isoenzyme ArAT-II Thermococcus litoralis

Molecular Weight [Da]

Molecular Weight [Da] Molecular Weight Maximum [Da] Comment Organism
44000
-
 2 * 44000, SDS-PAGE Pyrococcus furiosus
45000
-
 2 * 45000, ArAT-II, SDS-PAGE Thermococcus litoralis
47000
-
 2 * 47000, ArAT-I, SDS-PAGE Thermococcus litoralis
92000
-
 gel filtration Pyrococcus furiosus
92000
-
 isoenzyme ArAT-II, gel filtration Thermococcus litoralis
110000
-
 isoenzyme ArAT-I, gel filtration Thermococcus litoralis

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

Natural Substrates Organism Comment (Nat. Sub.) Natural Products Comment (Nat. Pro.) Rev. Reac.
L-phenylalanine + 2-oxoglutarate Pyrococcus furiosus
-
 phenylpyruvate + L-glutamate
-
 ?
L-phenylalanine + 2-oxoglutarate Thermococcus litoralis may play a catabolic role in proteolysis, generation of glutamate phenylpyruvate + L-glutamate
-
 ?

Organism

Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
Methanococcus aeolicus
-
-
-
Pyrococcus furiosus
-
-
-
Thermococcus litoralis
-
 aromatic aminotransferases I and II
-

Purification (Commentary)

Purification (Comment) Organism
isoenzymes ArAT-I and ArAT-II, Q-Sepharose, DEAE-Sepharose, phenyl-Sepharose, Superdex-200, Mono Q Thermococcus litoralis
Q-Sepharose, ammonium sulfate, phenyl-Sepharose, S-Sepharose Pyrococcus furiosus

Reaction

Reaction Comment Organism Reaction ID
an aromatic amino acid + 2-oxoglutarate = an aromatic oxo acid + L-glutamate two-step mechanism with a pyridoxamine intermediate Thermococcus litoralis
a

Specific Activity [micromol/min/mg]

Specific Activity Minimum [µmol/min/mg] Specific Activity Maximum [µmol/min/mg] Comment Organism
110
-
 isoenzyme ArAT-I Thermococcus litoralis
181.8
-
-
 Pyrococcus furiosus
424
-
 isoenzyme ArAT-II Thermococcus litoralis

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
L-phenylalanine + 2-oxoglutarate
-
 Pyrococcus furiosus phenylpyruvate + L-glutamate
-
 ?
L-phenylalanine + 2-oxoglutarate
-
 Pyrococcus furiosus phenylpyruvate + L-glutamate
-
 r
L-phenylalanine + 2-oxoglutarate
-
 Methanococcus aeolicus phenylpyruvate + L-glutamate
-
 ?
L-phenylalanine + 2-oxoglutarate
-
 Thermococcus litoralis phenylpyruvate + L-glutamate
-
 ?
L-phenylalanine + 2-oxoglutarate may play a catabolic role in proteolysis, generation of glutamate Thermococcus litoralis phenylpyruvate + L-glutamate
-
 ?
L-tryptophan + 2-oxoglutarate
-
 Pyrococcus furiosus 3-indole-2-oxopropanoate + L-glutamate
-
 r
L-tryptophan + 2-oxoglutarate
-
 Methanococcus aeolicus 3-indole-2-oxopropanoate + L-glutamate
-
 ?
L-tryptophan + 2-oxoglutarate
-
 Thermococcus litoralis 3-indole-2-oxopropanoate + L-glutamate
-
 ?
L-tyrosine + 2-oxoglutarate
-
 Pyrococcus furiosus p-hydroxyphenylpyruvate + L-glutamate
-
 r
L-tyrosine + 2-oxoglutarate
-
 Methanococcus aeolicus p-hydroxyphenylpyruvate + L-glutamate
-
 ?
L-tyrosine + 2-oxoglutarate
-
 Thermococcus litoralis p-hydroxyphenylpyruvate + L-glutamate
-
 ?

Subunits

Subunits Comment Organism
dimer 2 * 44000, SDS-PAGE Pyrococcus furiosus
dimer 2 * 47000, ArAT-I, SDS-PAGE Thermococcus litoralis
dimer 2 * 45000, ArAT-II, SDS-PAGE Thermococcus litoralis

Synonyms

Synonyms Comment Organism
ArAT-ITL i.e. aromatic aminotransferase II from Thermococcus litoralis Thermococcus litoralis
ArATPf
-
 Pyrococcus furiosus

Temperature Optimum [°C]

Temperature Optimum [°C] Temperature Optimum Maximum [°C] Comment Organism
additional information
-
 temperature optimum seems to be above 95°C Pyrococcus furiosus
95 100
-
 Thermococcus litoralis

Temperature Range [°C]

Temperature Minimum [°C] Temperature Maximum [°C] Comment Organism
30 95 extremely thermostable aromatic aminotransferase from hyperthermophilic archaeon, very low activity at 30°C, approx. 50% of maximal activity at 65°C Pyrococcus furiosus
30 105 virtually inactive at 30°C, approx. 50% of maximal ArAT-I activity at 70°C, approx. 50% of ArAT-II activity at 80°C, isoenzymes ArAT-I and II Thermococcus litoralis

Temperature Stability [°C]

Temperature Stability Minimum [°C] Temperature Stability Maximum [°C] Comment Organism
80
-
 holoenzyme, i.e. enzyme in its pyridoxal form, approx. 20% loss of phenylalanine transaminase activity after 6 h, apoenzyme, 70% loss of activity, complete protection of holoenzyme in the presence of pyridoxamine 5'-phosphate and 2-oxoglutarate Pyrococcus furiosus
95
-
 59% and 27% loss of activity after 13 h in the presence of pyridoxamine 5'-phosphate or 2-oxoglutarate Pyrococcus furiosus

Turnover Number [1/s]

Turnover Number Minimum [1/s] Turnover Number Maximum [1/s] Substrate Comment Organism Structure
62
-
 L-tryptophan pH 7.6, 80°C, cosubstrate 2-oxoglutarate Pyrococcus furiosus
72
-
 L-tyrosine pH 7.6, 80°C, cosubstrate 2-oxoglutarate Pyrococcus furiosus
225
-
 2-oxoglutarate pH 7.6, 80°C Pyrococcus furiosus
253
-
 L-phenylalanine pH 7.6, 80°C, cosubstrate 2-oxoglutarate Pyrococcus furiosus

Cofactor

Cofactor Comment Organism Structure
pyridoxal 5'-phosphate
-
 Pyrococcus furiosus
pyridoxal 5'-phosphate a pyridoxal phosphate protein Thermococcus litoralis