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Literature summary for 2.4.1.299 extracted from

  • Matsuba, Y.; Sasaki, N.; Tera, M.; Okamura, M.; Abe, Y.; Okamoto, E.; Nakamura, H.; Funabashi, H.; Takatsu, M.; Saito, M.; Matsuoka, H.; Nagasawa, K.; Ozeki, Y.
    A novel glucosylation reaction on anthocyanins catalyzed by acyl-glucose-dependent glucosyltransferase in the petals of carnation and delphinium (2010), Plant Cell, 22, 3374-3389.
    View publication on PubMedView publication on EuropePMC
Search for more literature for 2.4.1.299

Cloned(Commentary)

Cloned (Comment) Organism
transient expression as GFP-tagged protein in onion epidermal cells in vacuoles and cytosol using the CaMV 35S promoter Dianthus caryophyllus

KM Value [mM]

KM Value [mM] KM Value Maximum [mM] Substrate Comment Organism Structure
0.0065
-
 cyanidin 3-O-beta-D-glucoside pH 5.0, 30°C, recombinant enzyme Dianthus caryophyllus
0.013
-
 cyanidin 3-O-beta-D-glucoside pH 5.0, 30°C, native enzyme Dianthus caryophyllus
0.0465
-
 1-O-vanilloyl-beta-D-glucose pH 5.0, 30°C, native enzyme Dianthus caryophyllus
0.0519
-
 1-O-vanilloyl-beta-D-glucose pH 5.0, 30°C, recombinant enzyme Dianthus caryophyllus

Localization

Localization Comment Organism GeneOntology No. Textmining
vacuole
-
 Dianthus caryophyllus 5773
-

Molecular Weight [Da]

Molecular Weight [Da] Molecular Weight Maximum [Da] Comment Organism
55000
-
 x * 55000, SDS-PAGE Dianthus caryophyllus

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

Natural Substrates Organism Comment (Nat. Sub.) Natural Products Comment (Nat. Pro.) Rev. Reac.
1-O-vanilloyl-beta-D-glucose + cyanidin 3-O-beta-D-glucoside Dianthus caryophyllus
-
 vanillate + cyanidin 3,5-di-O-beta-D-glucoside
-
 ?

Organism

Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
Dianthus caryophyllus
-
-
-
Dianthus caryophyllus
-
 carnation
-

Posttranslational Modification

Posttranslational Modification Comment Organism
proteolytic modification the AA5GT contains 30 additional amino acids at the N terminus deleted in the mature protein Dianthus caryophyllus

Source Tissue

Source Tissue Comment Organism Textmining
additional information the enzyme expression is restricted to petals, no activity in leaves and stems, overview Dianthus caryophyllus
-
petal expression of Dc AA5GT in developing carnation petals is highest at early stages, AA5GT activity and anthocyanin accumulation continue to increase during later stages. Neither Dc AA5GT expression nor AA5GT activity is observed in the petals of mutant carnations, these petals accumulate anthocyanin lacking the glucosyl moiety at the 5 position Dianthus caryophyllus
-

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
1-O-4-coumaroyl-beta-D-glucose + cyanidin 3-O-beta-D-glucoside
-
 Dianthus caryophyllus 4-coumarate + cyanidin 3,5-di-O-beta-D-glucoside
-
 ?
1-O-4-hydroxybenzoyl-beta-D-glucose + cyanidin 3-O-beta-D-glucoside
-
 Dianthus caryophyllus 4-hydroxybenzoate + cyanidin 3,5-di-O-beta-D-glucoside
-
 ?
1-O-caffeoyl-beta-D-glucose + cyanidin 3-O-beta-D-glucoside
-
 Dianthus caryophyllus caffeate + cyanidin 3,5-di-O-beta-D-glucoside
-
 ?
1-O-feruloyl-beta-D-glucose + cyanidin 3-O-beta-D-glucoside 1-O-feruloyl-beta-D-glucose is the best donor substrate Dianthus caryophyllus ferulate + cyanidin 3,5-di-O-beta-D-glucoside
-
 ?
1-O-isovanilloyl-beta-D-glucose + cyanidin 3-O-beta-D-glucoside
-
 Dianthus caryophyllus isovanillate + cyanidin 3,5-di-O-beta-D-glucoside
-
 ?
1-O-sinapoyl-beta-D-glucose + cyanidin 3-O-beta-D-glucoside
-
 Dianthus caryophyllus sinapate + cyanidin 3,5-di-O-beta-D-glucoside
-
 ?
1-O-vanilloyl-beta-D-glucose + cyanidin 3-O-(6-O-malyl)beta-D-glucoside
-
 Dianthus caryophyllus vanillate + cyanidin 3-O-(6-O-malyl)beta-D-glucosyl-5-O-beta-D-glucoside
-
 ?
1-O-vanilloyl-beta-D-glucose + cyanidin 3-O-beta-D-galactoside
-
 Dianthus caryophyllus vanillate + cyanidin 3,5-di-O-beta-D-galactoside
-
 ?
1-O-vanilloyl-beta-D-glucose + cyanidin 3-O-beta-D-glucoside
-
 Dianthus caryophyllus vanillate + cyanidin 3,5-di-O-beta-D-glucoside
-
 ?
1-O-vanilloyl-beta-D-glucose + cyanidin 3-O-beta-D-glucoside no activity with 1-O-vanilloyl-alpha-D-glucose Dianthus caryophyllus vanillate + cyanidin 3,5-di-O-beta-D-glucoside
-
 ?
1-O-vanilloyl-beta-D-glucose + delphinidin 3-O-beta-D-glucoside
-
 Dianthus caryophyllus vanillate + delphinidin 3,5-di-O-beta-D-glucoside
-
 ?
1-O-vanilloyl-beta-D-glucose + pelargonidin 3-O-(6-O-malyl)-beta-D-glucoside
-
 Dianthus caryophyllus vanillate + pelargonidin 3-O-(6-O-malyl)-beta-D-glucosyl-5-O-beta-D-glucoside
-
 ?
1-O-vanilloyl-beta-D-glucose + pelargonidin 3-O-beta-D-glucoside
-
 Dianthus caryophyllus vanillate + pelargonidin 3,5-di-O-beta-D-glucoside
-
 ?
additional information substrate specificity, overview. AA7GT uses various acyl-glucose molecules, including benzoyl-glucose derivatives (C6-C1-glucoses) and 1-O-beta-hydroxycinnamoyl-glucoses (HCAGs, C6-C3-glucoses) but not flavonoid glucosides (C6-C3-C6-glucoses), as donor substrates, but it shows a strict acceptor preference for anthocyanidin 3-glucoside, 3-galactoside, and 3-malylglucoside and shows no preferences for other flavonoids or phenolic compounds. No activity with 1-O-beta-D-vanillyl-galactose, 4-nitropheny-glucoside, arbutin, salicin, populin, eleutheroside B, phloridzin, glucovanillin, esculin, kaempferol 3-glucoside, kaempferol 7-neohesperidoside, apigenin 7-glucoside, naringenin 7-glucoside, daidzin, indican. And no activity with kaempferol, kaempferol 3-glucoside, apigenin, apigenin 7-glucoside, naringenin, naringenin 7-glucoside, cyanidin, cyanidin 3,5-glucoside, cyanidin 3,7-glucosside, pelargonidin, delphinidin, (+) catechin, (-) epicatechin, 1-naphtol, 2-naphtol, NAA, indole acetic acid, 7-hydroxy-4-methylcoumarin, 7-hydroxy-6-methoxycoumarin, salicylic acid, phloroglucin Dianthus caryophyllus ?
-
 ?

Subunits

Subunits Comment Organism
? x * 55000, SDS-PAGE Dianthus caryophyllus

Synonyms

Synonyms Comment Organism
AA5GT
-
 Dianthus caryophyllus
acyl-glucose-dependent glucosyltransferase
-
 Dianthus caryophyllus

Temperature Optimum [°C]

Temperature Optimum [°C] Temperature Optimum Maximum [°C] Comment Organism
30
-
-
 Dianthus caryophyllus

Turnover Number [1/s]

Turnover Number Minimum [1/s] Turnover Number Maximum [1/s] Substrate Comment Organism Structure
0.01
-
 1-O-vanilloyl-beta-D-glucose pH 5.0, 30°C, native and recombinant enzyme Dianthus caryophyllus
0.06
-
 cyanidin 3-O-beta-D-glucoside pH 5.0, 30°C, native enzyme Dianthus caryophyllus
0.07
-
 cyanidin 3-O-beta-D-glucoside pH 5.0, 30°C, recombinant enzyme Dianthus caryophyllus

pH Optimum

pH Optimum Minimum pH Optimum Maximum Comment Organism
5
-
-
 Dianthus caryophyllus

General Information

General Information Comment Organism
evolution the enzyme belongs to the glycoside hydrolase family 1, molecular phylogenetic tree based on amino acid sequences, overview Dianthus caryophyllus
physiological function in carnation petals, an acyl-glucose, 1-O-beta-D-vanillyl-glucose, acts as the donor molecule in the glucosyl transfer reaction at the 5 position of anthocyanin Dianthus caryophyllus