Cloned (Comment) | Organism |
---|---|
Escherichia coli C43(DE3) is transformed with a pET21a-derived expression vector (pET21a-SlPlsC1) that encoded SlPlsC1 fused with a C-terminal hexahistidine-tag | Shewanella livingstonensis |
gene plsC1, functional recombinant expression of C-terminally His6-tagged enzyme in Escherichia coli strain C43(DE3), growth of recombinant cells at 18°C | Shewanella livingstonensis |
Inhibitors | Comment | Organism | Structure |
---|---|---|---|
EDTA | - |
Shewanella livingstonensis | |
Ni2+ | - |
Shewanella livingstonensis |
Localization | Comment | Organism | GeneOntology No. | Textmining |
---|---|---|---|---|
membrane | integral membrane protein | Shewanella livingstonensis | 16020 | - |
Metals/Ions | Comment | Organism | Structure |
---|---|---|---|
Ca2+ | activity increases upon the addition of Mg2+, Ca2+ or Mn2+ | Shewanella livingstonensis | |
Ca2+ | activates, best divalent cation tested | Shewanella livingstonensis | |
Mg2+ | activity increases upon the addition of Mg2+, Ca2+ or Mn2+ | Shewanella livingstonensis | |
Mg2+ | required, but does not activate | Shewanella livingstonensis | |
Mn2+ | activates | Shewanella livingstonensis | |
Mn2+ | activity increases upon the addition of Mg2+, Ca2+ or Mn2+ | Shewanella livingstonensis |
Molecular Weight [Da] | Molecular Weight Maximum [Da] | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|---|
31000 | - |
SDS-PAGE | Shewanella livingstonensis |
Natural Substrates | Organism | Comment (Nat. Sub.) | Natural Products | Comment (Nat. Pro.) | Rev. | Reac. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
eicosapentaenoyl-CoA + 1-acyl-lysophosphatidic acid | Shewanella livingstonensis | - |
CoA + 1-acyl-2-eicosapentaenoyl-lysophosphatidic acid | - |
? | |
eicosapentaenoyl-CoA + 1-acyl-lysophosphatidic acid | Shewanella livingstonensis Ac10 | - |
CoA + 1-acyl-2-eicosapentaenoyl-lysophosphatidic acid | - |
? |
Organism | UniProt | Comment | Textmining |
---|---|---|---|
Shewanella livingstonensis | - |
- |
- |
Shewanella livingstonensis | A0A3G9E319 | a cold-adapted bacterium, isolated from the Antarctic seawater | - |
Shewanella livingstonensis Ac10 | - |
- |
- |
Shewanella livingstonensis Ac10 | A0A3G9E319 | a cold-adapted bacterium, isolated from the Antarctic seawater | - |
Purification (Comment) | Organism |
---|---|
- |
Shewanella livingstonensis |
recombinant active His6-tagged enzyme from Escherichia coli strain C43(DE3) membrane micells by ultracentrifugation, detergent (CYMAL-6) solubilization, nickel affinity chromatography, and ultrafiltration, to homogeneity. The CYMAL-6-solubilized enzyme is active, while a DDM-solubilized enzyme is inactive after purification | Shewanella livingstonensis |
Source Tissue | Comment | Organism | Textmining |
---|---|---|---|
additional information | the cells grow in the temperature range of 4-25°C, optimally at 18°C | Shewanella livingstonensis | - |
Specific Activity Minimum [µmol/min/mg] | Specific Activity Maximum [µmol/min/mg] | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|---|
5 | - |
purified recombinant enzyme, with palmitoleoyl-CoA and 1-oleoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate as substrates, pH 9.0, 20°C | Shewanella livingstonensis |
Substrates | Comment Substrates | Organism | Products | Comment (Products) | Rev. | Reac. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
acyl-CoA + 1-acyl-lysophosphatidic acid | - |
Shewanella livingstonensis | CoA + 1,2-diacyl-lysophosphatidic acid | - |
? | |
acyl-CoA + 1-acyl-lysophosphatidic acid | - |
Shewanella livingstonensis Ac10 | CoA + 1,2-diacyl-lysophosphatidic acid | - |
? | |
acyl-CoA + 1-oleoyl-lysophosphatidic acid | - |
Shewanella livingstonensis | CoA + 1-oleoyl-2-acyl-lysophosphatidic acid | - |
? | |
acyl-CoA + 1-oleoyl-lysophosphatidic acid | - |
Shewanella livingstonensis Ac10 | CoA + 1-oleoyl-2-acyl-lysophosphatidic acid | - |
? | |
acyl-CoA + 1-oleoyl-lysophosphatidylethanolamine | low activity | Shewanella livingstonensis | CoA + 1-oleoyl-2-acyl-lysophosphatidylethanolamine | - |
? | |
acyl-CoA + 1-oleoyl-lysophosphatidylethanolamine | low activity | Shewanella livingstonensis Ac10 | CoA + 1-oleoyl-2-acyl-lysophosphatidylethanolamine | - |
? | |
acyl-CoA + 1-oleoyl-lysophosphatidylglycerol | low activity | Shewanella livingstonensis | CoA + 1-oleoyl-2-acyl-lysophosphatidylglycerol | - |
? | |
acyl-CoA + 1-oleoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate | - |
Shewanella livingstonensis | CoA + 1-oleoyl-2-acyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate | - |
? | |
acyl-CoA + 1-oleoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate | low activity | Shewanella livingstonensis | CoA + 1-oleoyl-2-acyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate | - |
? | |
acyl-CoA + 1-palmitoleoyl-lysophosphatidic acid | - |
Shewanella livingstonensis | CoA + 1-palmitoleoyl-2-acyl-lysophosphatidic acid | - |
? | |
acyl-CoA + 1-palmitoyl-lysophosphatidic acid | - |
Shewanella livingstonensis | CoA + 1-palmitoyl-2-acyl-lysophosphatidic acid | - |
? | |
arachidonoyl-CoA + 1-acyl-lysophosphatidic acid | - |
Shewanella livingstonensis | CoA + 1-acyl-2-arachidonoyl-lysophosphatidic acid | - |
? | |
arachidonoyl-CoA + oleoyl-lysophosphatidic acid | the enzyme shows high specificity towards the unsaturated fatty acyl-CoAs, among which those having multiple cis-double bonds (linoleoyl-, arachidonoyl-, and eicosapentaenoyl-CoAs) are more preferred substrates. The enzyme accepts lysophosphatidic acid having either unsaturated or saturated acyl chains. It shows little activity towards sn-glycerol 3-phosphate and lysophospholipids with head groups | Shewanella livingstonensis | CoA + 2-arachidonoyl-1-oleoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate | - |
? | |
arachidonoyl-CoA + oleoyl-lysophosphatidic acid | the enzyme shows high specificity towards the unsaturated fatty acyl-CoAs, among which those having multiple cis-double bonds (linoleoyl-, arachidonoyl-, and eicosapentaenoyl-CoAs) are more preferred substrates. The enzyme accepts lysophosphatidic acid having either unsaturated or saturated acyl chains. It shows little activity towards sn-glycerol 3-phosphate and lysophospholipids with head groups | Shewanella livingstonensis Ac10 | CoA + 2-arachidonoyl-1-oleoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate | - |
? | |
arachidoyl-CoA + 1-acyl-lysophosphatidic acid | very low activity | Shewanella livingstonensis | CoA + 1-acyl-2-arachidoyl-lysophosphatidic acid | - |
? | |
arachidoyl-CoA + 1-oleoyl-lysophosphatidic acid | the enzyme shows high specificity towards the unsaturated fatty acyl-CoAs, among which those having multiple cis-double bonds (linoleoyl-, arachidonoyl-, and eicosapentaenoyl-CoAs) are more preferred substrates. Saturated fatty acyl-CoAs, especially those with a carbon chain length of 14 or longer, serve as poor fatty acyl donors. The enzyme accepts lysophosphatidic acid having either unsaturated or saturated acyl chains. It shows little activity towards sn-glycerol 3-phosphate and lysophospholipids with head groups | Shewanella livingstonensis | CoA + 2-arachidoyl-1-oleoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate | - |
? | |
arachidoyl-CoA + 1-oleoyl-lysophosphatidic acid | the enzyme shows high specificity towards the unsaturated fatty acyl-CoAs, among which those having multiple cis-double bonds (linoleoyl-, arachidonoyl-, and eicosapentaenoyl-CoAs) are more preferred substrates. Saturated fatty acyl-CoAs, especially those with a carbon chain length of 14 or longer, serve as poor fatty acyl donors. The enzyme accepts lysophosphatidic acid having either unsaturated or saturated acyl chains. It shows little activity towards sn-glycerol 3-phosphate and lysophospholipids with head groups | Shewanella livingstonensis Ac10 | CoA + 2-arachidoyl-1-oleoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate | - |
? | |
eicosapentaenoyl-CoA + 1-acyl-lysophosphatidic acid | - |
Shewanella livingstonensis | CoA + 1-acyl-2-eicosapentaenoyl-lysophosphatidic acid | - |
? | |
eicosapentaenoyl-CoA + 1-acyl-lysophosphatidic acid | - |
Shewanella livingstonensis Ac10 | CoA + 1-acyl-2-eicosapentaenoyl-lysophosphatidic acid | - |
? | |
eicosapentaenoyl-CoA + oleoyl-lysophosphatidic acid | the enzyme shows high specificity towards the unsaturated fatty acyl-CoAs, among which those having multiple cis-double bonds (linoleoyl-, arachidonoyl-, and eicosapentaenoyl-CoAs) are more preferred substrates. Saturated fatty acyl-CoAs, especially those with a carbon chain length of 14 or longer, serve as poor fatty acyl donors. The enzyme accepts lysophosphatidic acid having either unsaturated or saturated acyl chains. It shows little activity towards sn-glycerol 3-phosphate and lysophospholipids with head groups | Shewanella livingstonensis | CoA + 2-eicosapentaenoyl-1-oleoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate | - |
? | |
eicosapentaenoyl-CoA + oleoyl-lysophosphatidic acid | the enzyme shows high specificity towards the unsaturated fatty acyl-CoAs, among which those having multiple cis-double bonds (linoleoyl-, arachidonoyl-, and eicosapentaenoyl-CoAs) are more preferred substrates. Saturated fatty acyl-CoAs, especially those with a carbon chain length of 14 or longer, serve as poor fatty acyl donors. The enzyme accepts lysophosphatidic acid having either unsaturated or saturated acyl chains. It shows little activity towards sn-glycerol 3-phosphate and lysophospholipids with head groups | Shewanella livingstonensis Ac10 | CoA + 2-eicosapentaenoyl-1-oleoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate | - |
? | |
lauroyl-CoA + 1-acyl-lysophosphatidic acid | - |
Shewanella livingstonensis | CoA + 1-acyl-2-lauroyl-lysophosphatidic acid | - |
? | |
lauroyl-CoA + 1-oleoyl-2-lysophosphatidic acid | the enzyme shows high specificity towards the unsaturated fatty acyl-CoAs, among which those having multiple cis-double bonds (linoleoyl-, arachidonoyl-, and eicosapentaenoyl-CoAs) are more preferred substrates. Saturated fatty acyl-CoAs, especially those with a carbon chain length of 14 or longer, serve as poor fatty acyl donors. The enzyme accepts lysophosphatidic acid having either unsaturated or saturated acyl chains. It shows little activity towards sn-glycerol 3-phosphate and lysophospholipids with head groups | Shewanella livingstonensis | CoA + 2-lauroyl-1-oleoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate | - |
? | |
lauroyl-CoA + 1-oleoyl-2-lysophosphatidic acid | the enzyme shows high specificity towards the unsaturated fatty acyl-CoAs, among which those having multiple cis-double bonds (linoleoyl-, arachidonoyl-, and eicosapentaenoyl-CoAs) are more preferred substrates. Saturated fatty acyl-CoAs, especially those with a carbon chain length of 14 or longer, serve as poor fatty acyl donors. The enzyme accepts lysophosphatidic acid having either unsaturated or saturated acyl chains. It shows little activity towards sn-glycerol 3-phosphate and lysophospholipids with head groups | Shewanella livingstonensis Ac10 | CoA + 2-lauroyl-1-oleoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate | - |
? | |
linoleoyl-CoA + 1-acyl-lysophosphatidic acid | - |
Shewanella livingstonensis | CoA + 1-acyl-2-linoleoyl-lysophosphatidic acid | - |
? | |
linoleoyl-CoA + oleoyl-lysophosphatidic acid | the enzyme shows high specificity towards the unsaturated fatty acyl-CoAs, among which those having multiple cis-double bonds (linoleoyl-, arachidonoyl-, and eicosapentaenoyl-CoAs) are more preferred substrates. Saturated fatty acyl-CoAs, especially those with a carbon chain length of 14 or longer, serve as poor fatty acyl donors. The enzyme accepts lysophosphatidic acid having either unsaturated or saturated acyl chains. It shows little activity towards sn-glycerol 3-phosphate and lysophospholipids with head groups | Shewanella livingstonensis | CoA + 2-linoleoyl-1-oleoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate | - |
? | |
additional information | the enzyme has a substrate preference for the acyl donors with a polyunsaturated fatty acyl group, such as eicosapentaenoyl group. It shows almost no activity towards palmitoyl-CoA | Shewanella livingstonensis | ? | - |
? | |
additional information | substrate specificity of isozyme SlPlsC1 towards fatty acyl-CoAs and lysophospholipids, overview. SlPlsC1 shows high specificity towards the unsaturated fatty acyl-CoAs, among which those having multiple cis-double bonds (linoleoyl-, arachidonoyl-, and eicosapentaenoyl-CoAs) are more preferred substrates. The saturated acyl-CoAs, especially those with a carbon chain length of 14 or longer, served as poor fatty acyl donors. SlPlsC1 shows almost no activity towards palmitoyl-CoA. SlPlsC1 accepts lysophosphatidic acids (LPA) having either unsaturated or saturated acyl chains. It shows little activity towards glycerol 3-phosphate and lysophospholipids with head groups, thereby suggesting that SlPlsC1 is dedicated to the production of phosphatidic acid and is not involved in the acyl chain remodeling of phospholipids with a head group | Shewanella livingstonensis | ? | - |
- |
|
additional information | the enzyme has a substrate preference for the acyl donors with a polyunsaturated fatty acyl group, such as eicosapentaenoyl group. It shows almost no activity towards palmitoyl-CoA | Shewanella livingstonensis Ac10 | ? | - |
? | |
additional information | substrate specificity of isozyme SlPlsC1 towards fatty acyl-CoAs and lysophospholipids, overview. SlPlsC1 shows high specificity towards the unsaturated fatty acyl-CoAs, among which those having multiple cis-double bonds (linoleoyl-, arachidonoyl-, and eicosapentaenoyl-CoAs) are more preferred substrates. The saturated acyl-CoAs, especially those with a carbon chain length of 14 or longer, served as poor fatty acyl donors. SlPlsC1 shows almost no activity towards palmitoyl-CoA. SlPlsC1 accepts lysophosphatidic acids (LPA) having either unsaturated or saturated acyl chains. It shows little activity towards glycerol 3-phosphate and lysophospholipids with head groups, thereby suggesting that SlPlsC1 is dedicated to the production of phosphatidic acid and is not involved in the acyl chain remodeling of phospholipids with a head group | Shewanella livingstonensis Ac10 | ? | - |
- |
|
myristoyl-CoA + 1-acyl-lysophosphatidic acid | low activity | Shewanella livingstonensis | CoA + 1-acyl-2-myristoyl-lysophosphatidic acid | - |
? | |
myristoyl-CoA + 1-oleoyl-2-lysophosphatidic acid | the enzyme shows high specificity towards the unsaturated fatty acyl-CoAs, among which those having multiple cis-double bonds (linoleoyl-, arachidonoyl-, and eicosapentaenoyl-CoAs) are more preferred substrates. The enzyme accepts lysophosphatidic acid having either unsaturated or saturated acyl chains. It shows little activity towards sn-glycerol 3-phosphate and lysophospholipids with head groups | Shewanella livingstonensis | CoA + 1-oleoyl-2-stearoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate | - |
? | |
oleoyl-CoA + 1-acyl-lysophosphatidic acid | - |
Shewanella livingstonensis | CoA + 1-acyl-2-oleoyl-lysophosphatidic acid | - |
? | |
oleoyl-CoA + oleoyl-lysophosphatidic acid | the enzyme shows high specificity towards the unsaturated fatty acyl-CoAs, among which those having multiple cis-double bonds (linoleoyl-, arachidonoyl-, and eicosapentaenoyl-CoAs) are more preferred substrates. Saturated fatty acyl-CoAs, especially those with a carbon chain length of 14 or longer, serve as poor fatty acyl donors. The enzyme accepts lysophosphatidic acid having either unsaturated or saturated acyl chains. It shows little activity towards sn-glycerol 3-phosphate and lysophospholipids with head groups | Shewanella livingstonensis | CoA + 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate | - |
? | |
palmitoleoyl-CoA + 1-oleoyl-2-lysophosphatidic acid | the enzyme shows high specificity towards the unsaturated fatty acyl-CoAs, among which those having multiple cis-double bonds (linoleoyl-, arachidonoyl-, and eicosapentaenoyl-CoAs) are more preferred substrates. Saturated fatty acyl-CoAs, especially those with a carbon chain length of 14 or longer, serve as poor fatty acyl donors. The enzyme accepts lysophosphatidic acid having either unsaturated or saturated acyl chains. It shows little activity towards sn-glycerol 3-phosphate and lysophospholipids with head groups | Shewanella livingstonensis | CoA + 1-oleoyl-2-palmitoleoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate | - |
? | |
palmitoleoyl-CoA + 1-oleoyl-lysophosphatidic acid | - |
Shewanella livingstonensis | CoA + 1-oleoyl-2-palmitoleoyl-lysophosphatidic acid | - |
? | |
stearoyl-CoA + 1-acyl-lysophosphatidic acid | very low activity | Shewanella livingstonensis | CoA + 1-acyl-2-stearoyl-lysophosphatidic acid | - |
? | |
stearoyl-CoA + 1-oleoyl-2-lysophosphatidic acid | the enzyme shows high specificity towards the unsaturated fatty acyl-CoAs, among which those having multiple cis-double bonds (linoleoyl-, arachidonoyl-, and eicosapentaenoyl-CoAs) are more preferred substrates. Saturated fatty acyl-CoAs, especially those with a carbon chain length of 14 or longer, serve as poor fatty acyl donors. The enzyme accepts lysophosphatidic acid having either unsaturated or saturated acyl chains. It shows little activity towards sn-glycerol 3-phosphate and lysophospholipids with head groups | Shewanella livingstonensis | CoA + 1-oleoyl-2-stearoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate | - |
? |
Synonyms | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|
1-acyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase | - |
Shewanella livingstonensis |
AGPAT | - |
Shewanella livingstonensis |
AGPAT/PlsC | - |
Shewanella livingstonensis |
PlsC | - |
Shewanella livingstonensis |
SlPlsC1 | - |
Shewanella livingstonensis |
Temperature Optimum [°C] | Temperature Optimum Maximum [°C] | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|---|
20 | 25 | - |
Shewanella livingstonensis |
25 | - |
recombinant enzyme | Shewanella livingstonensis |
Temperature Minimum [°C] | Temperature Maximum [°C] | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|---|
4 | 40 | activity range, temperature profile, overview | Shewanella livingstonensis |
10 | 30 | 10°C: about 50% of maximal activity, 30°C: about 75% of maximal activity | Shewanella livingstonensis |
Temperature Stability Minimum [°C] | Temperature Stability Maximum [°C] | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|---|
20 | - |
30 min, 20% loss of activity | Shewanella livingstonensis |
30 | - |
30 min, 50% loss of activity | Shewanella livingstonensis |
40 | - |
30 min, 87% loss of activity | Shewanella livingstonensis |
pH Optimum Minimum | pH Optimum Maximum | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|---|
8 | 9 | - |
Shewanella livingstonensis |
8 | 9 | broad optimum | Shewanella livingstonensis |
pH Minimum | pH Maximum | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|---|
7.5 | 11 | over 50% of maximal activity within this range, profile overview | Shewanella livingstonensis |
7.5 | 11 | pH 7.5: about 70% of maximal activity, pH 11.0: about 50% of maximal activity | Shewanella livingstonensis |
General Information | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|
malfunction | deletion of the SlPlsC1 gene causes a marked decrease in the amounts of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)-containing phospholipids, without significantly altering the composition of other phospholipids. The EPA-containing phospholipids play an important role in survival of the bacterium in a cold environment | Shewanella livingstonensis |
physiological function | the bacterium produces glycerophospholipids that are esterified at the sn-2 position with a polyunsaturated fatty acid, namely eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), via 1-acyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase PlsC. Isozyme SlPlsC1, one of five, appears to be dedicated for the in vivo acylation of lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) with EPA. SlPlsC1 is dedicated to the production of phosphatidic acid and is not involved in the acyl chain remodeling of phospholipids with a head group. SlPlsC1 can utilize a broad range of unsaturated fatty acyl-CoAs in vitro. A possible explanation for this seeming discrepancy may be that four other PlsC homologs (SlPlsC2, SlPlsC3, SlPlsC4 and SlPlsC5) present in Shewanella livingstonensis strain Ac10 can compensate for the lack of SlPlsC1 except for the acylation | Shewanella livingstonensis |