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Literature summary for 2.1.1.228 extracted from

  • Zhong, W.; Pasunooti, K.K.; Balamkundu, S.; Wong, Y.H.; Nah, Q.; Gadi, V.; Gnanakalai, S.; Chionh, Y.H.; McBee, M.E.; Gopal, P.; Lim, S.H.; Olivier, N.; Buurman, E.T.; Dick, T.; Liu, C.F.; Lescar, J.; Dedon, P.C.
    Thienopyrimidinone derivatives that inhibit bacterial tRNA (guanine37-N1)-methyltransferase (TrmD) by restructuring the active site with a tyrosine-flipping mechanism (2019), J. Med. Chem., 62, 7788-7805 .
    View publication on PubMedView publication on EuropePMC

Cloned(Commentary)

Cloned (Comment) Organism
gene trmD, sequence comparisons Staphylococcus aureus
gene trmD, sequence comparisons Pseudomonas aeruginosa
gene trmD, sequence comparisons Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Crystallization (Commentary)

Crystallization (Comment) Organism
analysis of the crystal structure of apo-enzyme, of enzyme with bound ligand S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine (PDB IDs 5ZHI and 5ZHJ, respectively), and of enzyme with bound inhibitors N-(4-((octylamino)methyl)benzyl)-4-oxo-3,4-dihydrothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide, N-([4-[(4-aminopiperidin-1-yl)methyl]phenyl]methyl)-4-oxo-3,4-dihydrothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide , and N-(4-((cyclohexyl(ethyl)amino)methyl)benzyl)-4-oxo-3,4-dihydrothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide, PDB IDs 6JOF, 5ZHK, and 5ZHL, respectively, at resolutions of 1.75-2.76 A. Sitting drop vapor diffusion method, mixing of 0.002 ml of protein solution with 0.001 ml of precipitant solution containing 100 mM Bis-Tris propane, pH 6.5, 20% w/v PEG3350, and 0.1 M ammonium acetate, soaking of crystals with 1-5 mM inhibitor or 5 mM SAH in their respective precipitating solution supplemented with 20% v/v glycerol, X-ray diffraction structure determination and analysis Mycobacterium tuberculosis
analysis of the crystal structure of enzyme with bound inhibitors N-([4-[(4-aminopiperidin-1-yl)methyl]phenyl]methyl)-4-oxo-3,4-dihydrothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide, N-(4-((diethylamino)methyl)benzyl)-4-oxo-3,4-dihydrothieno-[2,3-d]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide, and N-(4-((octylamino)methyl)benzyl)-4-oxo-3,4-dihydrothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide, PDB IDs 6JOE, 5ZHM, and 5ZHN, respectively. Hanging drop vapor diffusion method, mixing of equal volumes of 20 mg/m protein and precipitant solution containing 0.1 M Tris-HCl, pH 8.6-8.8, 20% v/v MPD, 20% w/v PEG 1000, and 5% w/v PEG200, and incubation at 20°C, soaking of crystals with 1-5 mM inhibitor in the precipitating solution supplemented with 20% v/v glycerol at 20°C for at least 4 h, X-ray diffraction structure determination and analysis Pseudomonas aeruginosa

General Stability

General Stability Organism
stabilization of the enzyme by binding of small molecules, overview Staphylococcus aureus
stabilization of the enzyme by binding of small molecules, overview Pseudomonas aeruginosa
stabilization of the enzyme by binding of small molecules, overview Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Inhibitors

Inhibitors Comment Organism Structure
4-((4-azidobenzyl)oxy)-N-(4-((octylamino)methyl)benzyl)thieno-[2,3-d]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide
-
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
4-(hexyloxy)-N-(4-((octylamino)methyl)benzyl)thieno[2,3-d]-pyrimidine-5-carboxamide
-
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
4-methoxy-N-(4-(morpholinomethyl)benzyl)thieno[2,3-d]-pyrimidine-5-carboxamide
-
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
4-oxo-N-(4-((pentylamino)methyl)benzyl)-3,4-dihydrothieno-[2,3-d]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide
-
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
4-oxo-N-(4-(piperidin-1-ylmethyl)benzyl)-3,4-dihydrothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide
-
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
additional information synthesis of thienopyrimidinone derivatives that inhibit bacterial tRNA (guanine37-N1)-methyltransferase (TrmD) by restructuring the active site with a tyrosine-flipping mechanism, overview. The tyrosine-flipping mechanism is uniquely found in Pseudomonas aeruginosa TrmD and renders the enzyme inaccessible to the cofactor S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) and probably to the substrate tRNA Mycobacterium tuberculosis
additional information synthesis of thienopyrimidinone derivatives that inhibit bacterial tRNA (guanine37-N1)-methyltransferase (TrmD) by restructuring the active site with a tyrosine-flipping mechanism, nanomolar potency against TrmD in vitro, overview. This tyrosine-flipping mechanism is uniquely found in Pseudomonas aeruginosa TrmD and renders the enzyme inaccessible to the cofactor S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) and probably to the substrate tRNA. Biochemical structure-activity relationships (SAR) for TrmD inhibitors, the thienopyrimidinone substituent flexibility is critical for potent TrmD inhibition. Analysis of hemolytic activity of the compounds. Effect of side chain length of 15 analogues Pseudomonas aeruginosa
additional information synthesis of thienopyrimidinone derivatives that inhibit bacterial tRNA (guanine37-N1)-methyltransferase (TrmD) by restructuring the active site with a tyrosine-flipping mechanism, overview. The tyrosine-flipping mechanism is uniquely found in Pseudomonas aeruginosa TrmD and renders the enzyme inaccessible to the cofactor S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) and probably to the substrate tRNA Staphylococcus aureus
N-(4-((((3s,5s,7s)-adamantan-1-yl)amino)methyl)benzyl)-4-oxo-3,4-dihydrothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide
-
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
N-(4-(((2-(2-(2-aminoethoxy)ethoxy)ethyl)amino)methyl)-benzyl)-4-oxo-3,4-dihydrothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide
-
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
N-(4-(((2-(2-ethoxyethoxy)ethyl)amino)methyl)benzyl)-4-oxo-3,4-dihydrothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide
-
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
N-(4-(((2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl)amino)methyl)benzyl)-4-oxo-3,4-dihydrothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide
-
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
N-(4-(((4-aminobutyl)amino)methyl)benzyl)-4-oxo-3,4-dihydrothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide dihydrochloride
-
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
N-(4-(((5-(1,5-dihydroxy-4-oxo-1,4-dihydropyridine-2-carboxamido)pentyl)amino) methyl)benzyl)-4-oxo-3,4-dihydrothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide
-
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
N-(4-(((5-aminopentyl)amino)methyl)benzyl)-4-oxo-3,4-dihydrothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide
-
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
N-(4-(((7-aminohexyl)amino)methyl)benzyl)-4-oxo-3,4-dihydrothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide
-
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
N-(4-((1,5-dihydroxy-4-oxo-1,4-dihydropyridine-2-carboxamido)methyl)benzyl)-4-oxo-3,4-dihydrothieno[2,3-d]-pyrimidine-5-carboxamide
-
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
N-(4-((benzyl(ethyl)amino)methyl)benzyl)-4-oxo-3,4-dihydrothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide
-
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
N-(4-((benzyl(hexyl)amino)methyl)benzyl)-4-oxo-3,4-dihydrothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide
-
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
N-(4-((benzyl(octyl)amino)methyl)benzyl)-4-oxo-3,4-dihydrothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide
-
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
N-(4-((benzylamino)methyl)benzyl)-4-(hexyloxy)thieno[2,3-d]-pyrimidine-5-carboxamide
-
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
N-(4-((benzylamino)methyl)benzyl)-4-methoxythieno[2,3-d]-pyrimidine-5-carboxamide
-
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
N-(4-((benzylamino)methyl)benzyl)-4-oxo-3,4-dihydrothieno-[2,3-d]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide
-
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
N-(4-((benzylamino)methyl)benzyl)-4-propoxythieno[2,3-d]-pyrimidine-5-carboxamide
-
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
N-(4-((butylamino)methyl)benzyl)-4-oxo-3,4-dihydrothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide
-
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
N-(4-((cyclohexyl(ethyl)amino)methyl)benzyl)-4-oxo-3,4-dihydrothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide enzyme-bound crystal structure, overview Mycobacterium tuberculosis
N-(4-((cyclohexyl(ethyl)amino)methyl)benzyl)-4-oxo-3,4-dihydrothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide
-
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
N-(4-((cyclohexylamino)methyl)benzyl)-4-oxo-3,4-dihydrothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide
-
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
N-(4-((decylamino)methyl)benzyl)-4-oxo-3,4-dihydrothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide
-
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
N-(4-((diethylamino)methyl)benzyl)-4-oxo-3,4-dihydrothieno-[2,3-d]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide enzyme-bound crystal structure, overview Pseudomonas aeruginosa
N-(4-((dodecylamino)methyl)benzyl)-4-oxo-3,4-dihydrothieno-[2,3-d]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide
-
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
N-(4-((ethyl(octyl)amino)methyl)benzyl)-4-oxo-3,4-dihydrothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide
-
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
N-(4-((octylamino)methyl)benzyl)-4-moxythieno[2,3-d]-pyrimidine-5-carboxamide
-
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
N-(4-((octylamino)methyl)benzyl)-4-oxo-3,4-dihydrothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide enzyme-bound crystal structure, overview Mycobacterium tuberculosis
N-(4-((octylamino)methyl)benzyl)-4-oxo-3,4-dihydrothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide enzyme-bound crystal structure, overview Pseudomonas aeruginosa
N-(4-((octylamino)methyl)benzyl)-4-oxo-3,4-dihydrothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide
-
Staphylococcus aureus
N-(4-((octylamino)methyl)benzyl)-4-propoxythieno[2,3-d]-pyrimidine-5-carboxamide
-
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
N-(4-(morpholinomethyl)benzyl)-4-oxo-3,4-dihydrothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide
-
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
N-(4-(morpholinomethyl)benzyl)-4-propoxythieno[2,3-d]-pyrimidine-5-carboxamide
-
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
N-([4-[(4-aminopiperidin-1-yl)methyl]phenyl]methyl)-4-oxo-3,4-dihydrothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide the binding of AZ51 does not induce the side chain flip of Tyr111 in MtbTrmD, while the corresponding residue Tyr120 in PaTrmD turned 180° to form stacking interactions with the phenyl ring of the inhibitor, enzyme-bound crystal structure, overview Mycobacterium tuberculosis
N-([4-[(4-aminopiperidin-1-yl)methyl]phenyl]methyl)-4-oxo-3,4-dihydrothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide i.e. AZ51, inhibitor binding induces conformational changes of the wall loop, whereupon the side chain of aromatic ring of Tyr120 flips about 180° and forms stacking interactions with both the phenyl and piperidine rings of AZ51. This feature appears unique to AZ51 and P Pseudomonas aeruginosa
N-([4-[(4-aminopiperidin-1-yl)methyl]phenyl]methyl)-4-oxo-3,4-dihydrothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide
-
Staphylococcus aureus

KM Value [mM]

KM Value [mM] KM Value Maximum [mM] Substrate Comment Organism Structure
additional information
-
additional information binding kinetics of TrmD ligands Staphylococcus aureus
additional information
-
additional information binding kinetics of TrmD ligands Pseudomonas aeruginosa
additional information
-
additional information binding kinetics of TrmD ligands Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Metals/Ions

Metals/Ions Comment Organism Structure
Mg2+ required Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Mg2+ required Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

Natural Substrates Organism Comment (Nat. Sub.) Natural Products Comment (Nat. Pro.) Rev. Reac.
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + guanine37 in tRNA Staphylococcus aureus
-
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + N1-methylguanine37 in tRNA
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + guanine37 in tRNA Pseudomonas aeruginosa
-
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + N1-methylguanine37 in tRNA
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + guanine37 in tRNA Mycobacterium tuberculosis
-
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + N1-methylguanine37 in tRNA
-
?

Organism

Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
-
-
-
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
-
-
-
Staphylococcus aureus
-
-
-

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + guanine37 in tRNA
-
Staphylococcus aureus S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + N1-methylguanine37 in tRNA
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + guanine37 in tRNA
-
Pseudomonas aeruginosa S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + N1-methylguanine37 in tRNA
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + guanine37 in tRNA
-
Mycobacterium tuberculosis S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + N1-methylguanine37 in tRNA
-
?

Synonyms

Synonyms Comment Organism
bacterial tRNA (guanine37-N1)-methyltransferase
-
Staphylococcus aureus
bacterial tRNA (guanine37-N1)-methyltransferase
-
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
bacterial tRNA (guanine37-N1)-methyltransferase
-
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
MtbTrmD
-
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
PaTrmD
-
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
SaTrmD
-
Staphylococcus aureus
TrmD
-
Staphylococcus aureus
TrmD
-
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
TrmD
-
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
tRNA (guanine37-N1)-methyltransferase
-
Staphylococcus aureus
tRNA (guanine37-N1)-methyltransferase
-
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
tRNA (guanine37-N1)-methyltransferase
-
Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Temperature Optimum [°C]

Temperature Optimum [°C] Temperature Optimum Maximum [°C] Comment Organism
37
-
assay at Pseudomonas aeruginosa

pH Optimum

pH Optimum Minimum pH Optimum Maximum Comment Organism
8
-
assay at Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Cofactor

Cofactor Comment Organism Structure
S-adenosyl-L-methionine
-
Staphylococcus aureus
S-adenosyl-L-methionine
-
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
S-adenosyl-L-methionine
-
Mycobacterium tuberculosis

IC50 Value

IC50 Value IC50 Value Maximum Comment Organism Inhibitor Structure
0.000024
-
pH 8.0, 37°C Pseudomonas aeruginosa N-(4-((octylamino)methyl)benzyl)-4-oxo-3,4-dihydrothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide
0.000025
-
pH 8.0, 37°C Pseudomonas aeruginosa N-(4-((decylamino)methyl)benzyl)-4-oxo-3,4-dihydrothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide
0.00008
-
pH 8.0, 37°C Pseudomonas aeruginosa N-(4-(((4-aminobutyl)amino)methyl)benzyl)-4-oxo-3,4-dihydrothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide dihydrochloride
0.000085
-
pH 8.0, 37°C Pseudomonas aeruginosa 4-oxo-N-(4-((pentylamino)methyl)benzyl)-3,4-dihydrothieno-[2,3-d]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide
0.00011
-
pH 8.0, 37°C Pseudomonas aeruginosa N-(4-(((2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl)amino)methyl)benzyl)-4-oxo-3,4-dihydrothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide
0.00011
-
pH 8.0, 37°C Pseudomonas aeruginosa N-(4-(((5-aminopentyl)amino)methyl)benzyl)-4-oxo-3,4-dihydrothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide
0.00013
-
pH 8.0, 37°C Pseudomonas aeruginosa N-(4-((benzylamino)methyl)benzyl)-4-oxo-3,4-dihydrothieno-[2,3-d]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide
0.00014
-
pH 8.0, 37°C Pseudomonas aeruginosa N-(4-(((7-aminohexyl)amino)methyl)benzyl)-4-oxo-3,4-dihydrothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide
0.00015
-
pH 8.0, 37°C Pseudomonas aeruginosa N-(4-((butylamino)methyl)benzyl)-4-oxo-3,4-dihydrothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide
0.00018
-
pH 8.0, 37°C Pseudomonas aeruginosa N-([4-[(4-aminopiperidin-1-yl)methyl]phenyl]methyl)-4-oxo-3,4-dihydrothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide
0.00021
-
pH 8.0, 37°C Pseudomonas aeruginosa N-(4-(((2-(2-ethoxyethoxy)ethyl)amino)methyl)benzyl)-4-oxo-3,4-dihydrothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide
0.00037
-
pH 8.0, 37°C Pseudomonas aeruginosa N-(4-((ethyl(octyl)amino)methyl)benzyl)-4-oxo-3,4-dihydrothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide
0.00038
-
pH 8.0, 37°C Pseudomonas aeruginosa N-(4-((dodecylamino)methyl)benzyl)-4-oxo-3,4-dihydrothieno-[2,3-d]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide
0.00045
-
pH 8.0, 37°C Pseudomonas aeruginosa N-(4-(((2-(2-(2-aminoethoxy)ethoxy)ethyl)amino)methyl)-benzyl)-4-oxo-3,4-dihydrothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide
0.00049
-
pH 8.0, 37°C Pseudomonas aeruginosa N-(4-((cyclohexyl(ethyl)amino)methyl)benzyl)-4-oxo-3,4-dihydrothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide
0.0007
-
pH 8.0, 37°C Pseudomonas aeruginosa N-(4-((1,5-dihydroxy-4-oxo-1,4-dihydropyridine-2-carboxamido)methyl)benzyl)-4-oxo-3,4-dihydrothieno[2,3-d]-pyrimidine-5-carboxamide
0.00072
-
pH 8.0, 37°C Pseudomonas aeruginosa N-(4-((((3s,5s,7s)-adamantan-1-yl)amino)methyl)benzyl)-4-oxo-3,4-dihydrothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide
0.00073
-
pH 8.0, 37°C Pseudomonas aeruginosa N-(4-((diethylamino)methyl)benzyl)-4-oxo-3,4-dihydrothieno-[2,3-d]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide
0.00079
-
pH 8.0, 37°C Pseudomonas aeruginosa N-(4-((cyclohexylamino)methyl)benzyl)-4-oxo-3,4-dihydrothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide
0.0011
-
pH 8.0, 37°C Pseudomonas aeruginosa 4-oxo-N-(4-(piperidin-1-ylmethyl)benzyl)-3,4-dihydrothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide
0.0013
-
pH 8.0, 37°C Pseudomonas aeruginosa N-(4-(((5-(1,5-dihydroxy-4-oxo-1,4-dihydropyridine-2-carboxamido)pentyl)amino) methyl)benzyl)-4-oxo-3,4-dihydrothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide
0.0018
-
pH 8.0, 37°C Pseudomonas aeruginosa 4-((4-azidobenzyl)oxy)-N-(4-((octylamino)methyl)benzyl)thieno-[2,3-d]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide
0.0022
-
pH 8.0, 37°C Pseudomonas aeruginosa N-(4-((benzyl(ethyl)amino)methyl)benzyl)-4-oxo-3,4-dihydrothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide
0.0022
-
pH 8.0, 37°C Pseudomonas aeruginosa N-(4-((benzyl(hexyl)amino)methyl)benzyl)-4-oxo-3,4-dihydrothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide
0.003
-
pH 8.0, 37°C Pseudomonas aeruginosa N-(4-(morpholinomethyl)benzyl)-4-oxo-3,4-dihydrothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide
0.012
-
pH 8.0, 37°C Pseudomonas aeruginosa N-(4-((benzyl(octyl)amino)methyl)benzyl)-4-oxo-3,4-dihydrothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide

General Information

General Information Comment Organism
physiological function bacterial tRNA (guanine37-N1)-methyltransferase (TrmD) catalyzes methyl transfer from S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) to the guanine N1 at nucleotide position 37 in a subset of bacterial tRNA isoacceptors and has proven to be an essential enzyme in most bacterial species Staphylococcus aureus
physiological function bacterial tRNA (guanine37-N1)-methyltransferase (TrmD) catalyzes methyl transfer from S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) to the guanine N1 at nucleotide position 37 in a subset of bacterial tRNA isoacceptors and has proven to be an essential enzyme in most bacterial species Pseudomonas aeruginosa
physiological function bacterial tRNA (guanine37-N1)-methyltransferase (TrmD) catalyzes methyl transfer from S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) to the guanine N1 at nucleotide position 37 in a subset of bacterial tRNA isoacceptors and has proven to be an essential enzyme in most bacterial species Mycobacterium tuberculosis