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Literature summary for 1.8.1.7 extracted from
- Glutathione reductase from bovine brain (2002), Methods Enzymol., 348, 281-288.
Cloned(Commentary)
| Cloned (Comment) | Organism |
|---|---|
| DNA sequence determination, genomic structure | Mus musculus |
| DNA sequence determination, genomic structure | Homo sapiens |
Inhibitors
| Inhibitors | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cd2+ | brain enzyme, strong inhibition | Bos taurus |  |
| Cd2+ | brain enzyme, strong inhibition | Homo sapiens | |
| Cd2+ | brain enzyme, strong inhibition | Ovis aries | |
KM Value [mM]
| KM Value [mM] | KM Value Maximum [mM] | Substrate | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0.004 | - |
NADPH | erythrocyte enzyme, pH 7.0, 30°C | Bos taurus | |
| 0.005 | - |
NADPH | liver enzyme, pH 7.0, 30°C | Bos taurus | |
| 0.008 | - |
NADPH | liver enzyme | Rattus norvegicus | |
| 0.008 | - |
NADPH | brain enzyme, pH 7.0, 30°C | Bos taurus | |
| 0.009 | - |
NADPH | - |
Homo sapiens | |
| 0.009 | - |
NADPH | liver enzyme | Equus caballus | |
| 0.009 | - |
NADPH | erythrocyte enzyme | Oryctolagus cuniculus | |
| 0.021 | - |
NADPH | calf liver enzyme, pH 7.0, 30°C | Bos taurus | |
| 0.023 | - |
glutathione | erythrocyte enzyme, pH 7.0, 30°C | Bos taurus | |
| 0.036 | - |
glutathione | brain enzyme, pH 7.0, 30°C | Bos taurus | |
| 0.04 | - |
glutathione | liver enzyme, pH 7.0, 30°C | Bos taurus | |
| 0.057 | - |
glutathione | liver enzyme | Rattus norvegicus | |
| 0.059 | - |
glutathione | liver enzyme | Equus caballus | |
| 0.061 | - |
NADPH | brain enzyme | Ovis aries | |
| 0.065 | - |
glutathione | - |
Homo sapiens | |
| 0.065 | - |
glutathione | erythrocyte enzyme | Oryctolagus cuniculus | |
| 0.101 | - |
glutathione | calf liver enzyme, pH 7.0, 30°C | Bos taurus | |
| 0.117 | - |
glutathione | brain enzyme | Ovis aries | |
Molecular Weight [Da]
| Molecular Weight [Da] | Molecular Weight Maximum [Da] | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 51698 | - |
2 * 51698, sequence calculation | Homo sapiens |
| 52000 | - |
bovine erythrocyte enzyme, gel fitration | Bos taurus |
| 55000 | - |
bovine brain enzyme, gel fitration | Bos taurus |
| 60000 | - |
about | Rattus norvegicus |
| 64000 | - |
about | Ovis aries |
| 67000 | - |
liver enzyme, about | Oryctolagus cuniculus |
| 100000 | - |
gel filtration | Homo sapiens |
| 100000 | - |
calf liver enzyme, gel filtration | Bos taurus |
| 107000 | - |
liver enzyme, gel filtration | Equus caballus |
Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)
| Natural Substrates | Organism | Comment (Nat. Sub.) | Natural Products | Comment (Nat. Pro.) | Rev. | Reac. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| glutathione disulfide + NADPH | Mus musculus | - |
glutathione + NADP+ | - |
? | |
| glutathione disulfide + NADPH | Rattus norvegicus | - |
glutathione + NADP+ | - |
? | |
| glutathione disulfide + NADPH | Oryctolagus cuniculus | - |
glutathione + NADP+ | - |
? | |
| glutathione disulfide + NADPH | Ovis aries | - |
glutathione + NADP+ | - |
? | |
| glutathione disulfide + NADPH | Equus caballus | - |
glutathione + NADP+ | - |
? | |
| glutathione disulfide + NADPH | Homo sapiens | enzyme is required for disposal of peroxides and radicals especially in the brain | glutathione + NADP+ | - |
? | |
| glutathione disulfide + NADPH | Bos taurus | enzyme is required for disposal of peroxides and radicals especially in the brain | glutathione + NADP+ | - |
? | |
| additional information | Bos taurus | enzyme is connected to neuronal loss during progression of neurodegenerative disorders | ? | - |
? | |
| additional information | Homo sapiens | enzyme is connected to neuronal loss during progression of neurodegenerative disorders like Alzheimer's or Parkinson's disease | ? | - |
? | |
Organism
| Organism | UniProt | Comment | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|
| Bos taurus | - |
- |
- |
| Equus caballus | - |
- |
- |
| Homo sapiens | - |
- |
- |
| Mus musculus | - |
- |
- |
| Oryctolagus cuniculus | - |
- |
- |
| Ovis aries | - |
- |
- |
| Rattus norvegicus | - |
- |
- |
Purification (Commentary)
| Purification (Comment) | Organism |
|---|---|
| 5000fold from brain to homogeneity in several steps, overview | Bos taurus |
| from erythrocyte | Homo sapiens |
| to homogeneity from brain | Ovis aries |
Source Tissue
| Source Tissue | Comment | Organism | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|
| astrocyte | - |
Homo sapiens | - |
| astrocytic glioma cell | low enzyme activity | Homo sapiens | - |
| brain | low enzyme content | Mus musculus | - |
| brain | low enzyme content | Homo sapiens | - |
| brain | low enzyme content | Bos taurus | - |
| brain | low enzyme content | Ovis aries | - |
| erythrocyte | - |
Homo sapiens | - |
| erythrocyte | - |
Bos taurus | - |
| kidney | - |
Mus musculus | - |
| kidney | - |
Homo sapiens | - |
| kidney | - |
Bos taurus | - |
| kidney | - |
Ovis aries | - |
| liver | - |
Rattus norvegicus | - |
| liver | - |
Oryctolagus cuniculus | - |
| liver | - |
Equus caballus | - |
| liver | high enzyme content | Mus musculus | - |
| liver | high enzyme content | Homo sapiens | - |
| liver | high enzyme content | Bos taurus | - |
| liver | high enzyme content | Ovis aries | - |
| microglia | - |
Homo sapiens | - |
| neuron | - |
Homo sapiens | - |
| oligodendroglial cell | - |
Homo sapiens | - |
Specific Activity [micromol/min/mg]
| Specific Activity Minimum [µmol/min/mg] | Specific Activity Maximum [µmol/min/mg] | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0.03 | - |
brain homogenate | Bos taurus |
| 114 | - |
purified enzyme from erythrocyte | Bos taurus |
| 145 | - |
purified enzyme from brain | Bos taurus |
| 147 | - |
purified enzyme from liver | Bos taurus |
| 180 | - |
purified liver enzyme | Oryctolagus cuniculus |
| 193 | - |
purified enzyme from brain | Ovis aries |
| 207 | - |
purified enzyme from liver | Rattus norvegicus |
| 240 | - |
purified enzyme from erythrocyte | Homo sapiens |
| 248 | - |
purified liver enzyme | Equus caballus |
Storage Stability
| Storage Stability | Organism |
|---|---|
| 4°C, concentrated purified enzyme, 0.05% NaN3, 50 mM potassium phosphate, pH 7.4, 2 mM EDTA, 150 mM NaCl, 2 mM glutathione, quite stable | Bos taurus |
Substrates and Products (Substrate)
| Substrates | Comment Substrates | Organism | Products | Comment (Products) | Rev. | Reac. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| glutathione disulfide + NADPH | - |
Mus musculus | glutathione + NADP+ | - |
? | |
| glutathione disulfide + NADPH | - |
Homo sapiens | glutathione + NADP+ | - |
? | |
| glutathione disulfide + NADPH | - |
Rattus norvegicus | glutathione + NADP+ | - |
? | |
| glutathione disulfide + NADPH | - |
Bos taurus | glutathione + NADP+ | - |
? | |
| glutathione disulfide + NADPH | - |
Oryctolagus cuniculus | glutathione + NADP+ | - |
? | |
| glutathione disulfide + NADPH | - |
Ovis aries | glutathione + NADP+ | - |
? | |
| glutathione disulfide + NADPH | - |
Equus caballus | glutathione + NADP+ | - |
? | |
| glutathione disulfide + NADPH | enzyme is required for disposal of peroxides and radicals especially in the brain | Homo sapiens | glutathione + NADP+ | - |
? | |
| glutathione disulfide + NADPH | enzyme is required for disposal of peroxides and radicals especially in the brain | Bos taurus | glutathione + NADP+ | - |
? | |
| additional information | enzyme is connected to neuronal loss during progression of neurodegenerative disorders | Bos taurus | ? | - |
? | |
| additional information | enzyme is connected to neuronal loss during progression of neurodegenerative disorders like Alzheimer's or Parkinson's disease | Homo sapiens | ? | - |
? | |
Subunits
| Subunits | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| dimer | liver enzyme | Equus caballus |
| dimer | 2 * 51698, sequence calculation | Homo sapiens |
| dimer | 2 * 55000, calf liver enzyme, SDS-PAGE | Bos taurus |
| monomer | 1 * 55000, bovine brain enzyme, SDS-PAGE, 1 * 52000, bovine erythrocyte and liver enzyme, SDS-PAGE | Bos taurus |
| monomer | 1 * 60000, liver enzyme, SDS-PAGE | Rattus norvegicus |
| monomer | 1 * 64000 | Ovis aries |
| monomer | 1 * 67000, liver enzyme | Oryctolagus cuniculus |
| More | three-dimensional structure determination | Homo sapiens |
Synonyms
| Synonyms | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| glutathione reductase | - |
Mus musculus |
| glutathione reductase | - |
Homo sapiens |
| glutathione reductase | - |
Rattus norvegicus |
| glutathione reductase | - |
Bos taurus |
| glutathione reductase | - |
Oryctolagus cuniculus |
| glutathione reductase | - |
Ovis aries |
| glutathione reductase | - |
Equus caballus |
| GR | - |
Mus musculus |
| GR | - |
Homo sapiens |
| GR | - |
Rattus norvegicus |
| GR | - |
Bos taurus |
| GR | - |
Oryctolagus cuniculus |
| GR | - |
Ovis aries |
| GR | - |
Equus caballus |
| NADPH:oxidized-glutathione oxidoreductase | - |
Mus musculus |
| NADPH:oxidized-glutathione oxidoreductase | - |
Homo sapiens |
| NADPH:oxidized-glutathione oxidoreductase | - |
Rattus norvegicus |
| NADPH:oxidized-glutathione oxidoreductase | - |
Bos taurus |
| NADPH:oxidized-glutathione oxidoreductase | - |
Oryctolagus cuniculus |
| NADPH:oxidized-glutathione oxidoreductase | - |
Ovis aries |
| NADPH:oxidized-glutathione oxidoreductase | - |
Equus caballus |
Temperature Optimum [°C]
| Temperature Optimum [°C] | Temperature Optimum Maximum [°C] | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 30 | - |
assay at | Bos taurus |
pH Optimum
| pH Optimum Minimum | pH Optimum Maximum | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 7 | - |
assay at | Bos taurus |
Cofactor
| Cofactor | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|
| NADPH | dependent on | Mus musculus | |
| NADPH | dependent on | Homo sapiens | |
| NADPH | dependent on | Rattus norvegicus | |
| NADPH | dependent on | Bos taurus | |
| NADPH | dependent on | Oryctolagus cuniculus | |
| NADPH | dependent on | Ovis aries | |
| NADPH | dependent on | Equus caballus | |
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Release 2023.1 (January 2023)
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