Natural Substrates | Organism | Comment (Nat. Sub.) | Natural Products | Comment (Nat. Pro.) | Rev. | Reac. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
tauropine + NAD+ + H2O | Haliotis rubra | - |
taurine + pyruvate + NADH + H+ | - |
? | |
tauropine + NAD+ + H2O | Haliotis laevigata | - |
taurine + pyruvate + NADH + H+ | - |
? |
Organism | UniProt | Comment | Textmining |
---|---|---|---|
Haliotis laevigata | - |
- |
- |
Haliotis rubra | - |
- |
- |
Source Tissue | Comment | Organism | Textmining |
---|---|---|---|
adductor | - |
Haliotis rubra | - |
adductor | - |
Haliotis laevigata | - |
foot | - |
Haliotis rubra | - |
foot | - |
Haliotis laevigata | - |
additional information | abalone are acclimated to control (16°C) and typical summer temperatures (23°C), each with oxygen treatments of 100% air saturation (O2sat) or 70% O2sat | Haliotis rubra | - |
additional information | abalone are acclimated to control (16°C) and typical summer temperatures (23°C), each with oxygen treatments of 100% air saturation (O2sat) or 70% O2sat | Haliotis laevigata | - |
Specific Activity Minimum [µmol/min/mg] | Specific Activity Maximum [µmol/min/mg] | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|---|
additional information | - |
enzyme activities (U*mg P-1) of tauropine dehydrogenase (TDH) in the foot and adductor muscles (combined) of hybrids, Haliotis rubra compared to Haliotis laevigata acclimated to 16°C and 100% air saturation (O2sat), or 16°C and 70% O2sat, or 23°C and 100% O2sat, or 23°C and 70% O2sat, overview | Haliotis rubra |
additional information | - |
enzyme activities (U*mg P-1) of tauropine dehydrogenase (TDH) in the foot and adductor muscles (combined) of hybrids, Haliotis rubra compared to Haliotis laevigata acclimated to 16°C and 100% air saturation (O2sat), or 16°C and 70% O2sat, or 23°C and 100% O2sat, or 23°C and 70% O2sat, overview | Haliotis laevigata |
Substrates | Comment Substrates | Organism | Products | Comment (Products) | Rev. | Reac. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
tauropine + NAD+ + H2O | - |
Haliotis rubra | taurine + pyruvate + NADH + H+ | - |
? | |
tauropine + NAD+ + H2O | - |
Haliotis laevigata | taurine + pyruvate + NADH + H+ | - |
? |
Synonyms | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|
TDH | - |
Haliotis rubra |
TDH | - |
Haliotis laevigata |
Cofactor | Comment | Organism | Structure |
---|---|---|---|
NAD+ | - |
Haliotis rubra | |
NAD+ | - |
Haliotis laevigata | |
NADH | - |
Haliotis rubra | |
NADH | - |
Haliotis laevigata |
General Information | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|
additional information | the differences in movement, anaerobic enzyme activities, and MO2 between hybrids and pure species in this study are not marked enough to support the original hypothesis that hybrids have an energetic advantage over pure species | Haliotis rubra |
additional information | the differences in movement, anaerobic enzyme activities, and MO2 between hybrids and pure species in this study are not marked enough to support the original hypothesis that hybrids have an energetic advantage over pure species | Haliotis laevigata |
physiological function | the major anaerobic enzymes produced by abalone are lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and tauropine dehydrogenase (TDH), which catalyse the reaction of pyruvate to D-lactate and tauropine, respectively. Abalone produce energy via opine and lactate pathways not only during functional tissue hypoxia that results from exercise but also during environmental hypoxia and thermal stress. Abalone are experimentally acclimated to control (16°C) and typical summer temperatures (23°C), each with oxygen treatments of 100% air saturation (O2sat) or 70% O2sat. During the first phase (chronic exposure), movement and oxygen consumption rates (MO2) of abalone are measured during a 2 day observation period at stable acclimation conditions. Additionaly, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and tauropine dehydrogenase (TDH) activities are measured. During phase two (acute exposure), O2sat is raised to 100% for abalone acclimated to 70% O2sat followed by an acute decrease in oxygen to anoxia for all acclimation groups during which movement and MO2 are determined again. During the chronic exposure, hybrids and Haliotis laevigata move shorter distances than Haliotis rubra. Resting MO2, LDH and TDH activities, however, are similar between abalone types but are increased at 23°C compared to 16°C. During the acute exposure, the initial increase to 100% O2sat for individuals acclimated to 70% O2sat result in increased movement compared to individuals acclimated to 100% O2sat for hybrids and Haliotis rubra when compared within type of abalone. Similarly, MO2 during spontaneous activity of all three types of abalone previously subjected to 70% O2sat increase above those at 100% O2sat. When oxygen levels have dropped below the critical oxygen level (Pcrit), movement in hybrids and Haliotis laevigata increase up to 6.5fold compared to movement above Pcrit. Differences in movement and energy use between hybrids and pure species are not marked enough to support the hypothesis that the purportedly higher growth in hybrids is due to an energetic advantage over pure species. Lactate dehydrogenase activity is twice as high in abalone_23°C in comparison to abalone_16°C, as is TDH activity. Further, TDH activity tends to be influenced by acclimation oxygen level and type of abalone. While movement tends to decrease with increasing temperatures, resting MO2 as well as LDH and TDH activities are increased at the higher temperature in all three types of abalone during the chronic exposure | Haliotis rubra |
physiological function | the major anaerobic enzymes produced by abalone are lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and tauropine dehydrogenase (TDH), which catalyse the reaction of pyruvate to D-lactate and tauropine, respectively. Abalone produce energy via opine and lactate pathways not only during functional tissue hypoxia that results from exercise but also during environmental hypoxia and thermal stress. Abalone are experimentally acclimated to control (16°C) and typical summer temperatures (23°C), each with oxygen treatments of 100% air saturation (O2sat) or 70% O2sat. During the first phase (chronic exposure), movement and oxygen consumption rates (MO2) of abalone are measured during a 2 day observation period at stable acclimation conditions. Additionaly, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and tauropine dehydrogenase (TDH) activities are measured. During phase two (acute exposure), O2sat is raised to 100% for abalone acclimated to 70% O2sat followed by an acute decrease in oxygen to anoxia for all acclimation groups during which movement and MO2 are determined again. During the chronic exposure, hybrids and Haliotis laevigata move shorter distances than Haliotis rubra. Resting MO2, LDH and TDH activities, however, are similar between abalone types but are increased at 23°C compared to 16°C. During the acute exposure, the initial increase to 100% O2sat for individuals acclimated to 70% O2sat result in increased movement compared to individuals acclimated to 100% O2sat for hybrids and Haliotis rubra when compared within type of abalone. Similarly, MO2 during spontaneous activity of all three types of abalone previously subjected to 70% O2sat increase above those at 100% O2sat. When oxygen levels have dropped below the critical oxygen level (Pcrit), movement in hybrids and Haliotis laevigata increase up to 6.5fold compared to movement above Pcrit. Differences in movement and energy use between hybrids and pure species are not marked enough to support the hypothesis that the purportedly higher growth in hybrids is due to an energetic advantage over pure species. Lactate dehydrogenase activity is twice as high in abalone_23°C in comparison to abalone_16°C, as is TDH activity. Further, TDH activity tends to be influenced by acclimation oxygen level and type of abalone. While movement tends to decrease with increasing temperatures, resting MO2 as well as LDH and TDH activities are increased at the higher temperature in all three types of abalone during the chronic exposure | Haliotis laevigata |