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Literature summary for 1.4.3.2 extracted from

  • Ko, K.C.; Wang, B.; Tai, P.C.; Derby, C.D.
    Identification of potent bactericidal compounds produced by escapin, an L-amino acid oxidase in the ink of the sea hare Aplysia californica (2008), Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 52, 4455-4462.
    View publication on PubMedView publication on EuropePMC
Search for more literature for 1.4.3.2

Localization

Localization Comment Organism GeneOntology No. Textmining
extracellular defensive ink Aplysia californica
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Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

Natural Substrates Organism Comment (Nat. Sub.) Natural Products Comment (Nat. Pro.) Rev. Reac.
L-Lys + H2O + O2 Aplysia californica the ink of sea hares contains escapin, an L-amino acid oxidase that metabolizes L-lysine, thereby producing a mixture that kills microbes and deters attacking predators. This secretion contains H2O2, ammonia, and an equilibrium mixture of socalled escapin intermediate product, EIP-K, that includes 6-amino-2-oxohexanoic acid and several other molecules. Components of the equilibrium mixture react nonenzymatically with H2O2 to form escapin end product, i.e. EEP-K, which contains 2-aminovaleric acid and 2-valerolactam. The proportions of the components in this equilibrium mixture change with pH, and this is biologically important because the secretion has pH 5 when released but becomes pH 8 when fully diluted in seawater, overview 6-amino-2-oxohexanoic acid + NH3 + H2O2
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 ?
additional information Aplysia californica bactericidal activity of the sea hare secretion against Escherichia coli, Vibrio harveyi, Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ?
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 ?

Organism

Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
Aplysia californica Q6IWZ0 sea hare, strain Cooper 1863 collected in California
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Source Tissue

Source Tissue Comment Organism Textmining
ink
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 Aplysia californica
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Substrates and Products (Substrate)

Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
L-Lys + H2O + O2
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 Aplysia californica 6-amino-2-oxohexanoic acid + NH3 + H2O2
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 ?
L-Lys + H2O + O2 the ink of sea hares contains escapin, an L-amino acid oxidase that metabolizes L-lysine, thereby producing a mixture that kills microbes and deters attacking predators. This secretion contains H2O2, ammonia, and an equilibrium mixture of socalled escapin intermediate product, EIP-K, that includes 6-amino-2-oxohexanoic acid and several other molecules. Components of the equilibrium mixture react nonenzymatically with H2O2 to form escapin end product, i.e. EEP-K, which contains 2-aminovaleric acid and 2-valerolactam. The proportions of the components in this equilibrium mixture change with pH, and this is biologically important because the secretion has pH 5 when released but becomes pH 8 when fully diluted in seawater, overview Aplysia californica 6-amino-2-oxohexanoic acid + NH3 + H2O2
-
 ?
additional information bactericidal activity of the sea hare secretion against Escherichia coli, Vibrio harveyi, Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa Aplysia californica ?
-
 ?

Synonyms

Synonyms Comment Organism
escapin
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 Aplysia californica
L-AAO
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 Aplysia californica

Temperature Optimum [°C]

Temperature Optimum [°C] Temperature Optimum Maximum [°C] Comment Organism
37
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 bactericidal assay at Aplysia californica

pH Optimum

pH Optimum Minimum pH Optimum Maximum Comment Organism
7
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 bactericidal assay at Aplysia californica