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Literature summary for 1.4.3.13 extracted from
- Lysyl oxidase: properties, regulation and multiple functions in biology (1998), Matrix Biol., 16, 387-398.
Activating Compound
| Activating Compound | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|
| transforming growth factor-beta1 | fibrogenic cytokine, strongly promotes enzyme expression in fibroblasts of neonatal rat lung, human embryos and rat vascular smooth muscle cells | Homo sapiens | |
| transforming growth factor-beta1 | fibrogenic cytokine, strongly promotes enzyme expression in fibroblasts of neonatal rat lung, human embryos and rat vascular smooth muscle cells | Rattus norvegicus |
Application
| Application | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| medicine | cutis laxa, indicated by hyperextensible skin with marked deficiency of skin elastic fibers, is caused by deficiency of lysyl oxidase expression. Fibrosis is a symptom of scleroderma, where lysyl oxidase is markedly elevated in affected tissues. Menkes syndrome may involve abnormalities in the expression of several genes coding for connective tissue proteins | Mammalia |
| medicine | increase in the expression of lysyl oxidase during wound healing in skin and in aorta, lung and skin of developing and aging rats. Implication of lysyl oxidase as a target gene for IRF-1 in tumor suppression. Lysly oxidase has unusual and important roles in cellular homeostasis | Rattus norvegicus |
Cloned(Commentary)
| Cloned (Comment) | Organism |
|---|---|
- |
Gallus gallus |
- |
Mus musculus |
- |
Homo sapiens |
| expressed in Escherichia coli | Mammalia |
Inhibitors
| Inhibitors | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|
| basic fibroblast growth factor | reduces enzyme expression in osteogenic cells | Mammalia | |
| beta-aminopropionitrile | - |
Gallus gallus |  |
| beta-aminopropionitrile | irreversible inhibitor | Rattus norvegicus | |
| cycloheximide | - |
Gallus gallus | |
| cycloheximide | prevents stimulation by transforming growth factor-beta1 | Mammalia | |
Metals/Ions
| Metals/Ions | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cu2+ | - |
Gallus gallus | |
| Cu2+ | copper-binding and -dependent | Homo sapiens | |
| Cu2+ | tightly bound in a tetragonally distorted, octahedrally coordinated ligand field, one per mol | Mammalia | |
Molecular Weight [Da]
| Molecular Weight [Da] | Molecular Weight Maximum [Da] | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 32000 | - |
x * 46000, predicted, x * 32000, SDS-PAGE | Bos taurus |
| 32000 | - |
x * 32000, catalytically active enzyme after proteolytic cleavage | Mammalia |
| 32000 | - |
x * 32000, catalytically active enzyme after proteolytic cleavage | Rattus norvegicus |
| 46000 | - |
x * 46000, predicted, x * 32000, SDS-PAGE | Bos taurus |
| 50000 | - |
x * 50000, preproprotein | Mammalia |
Organism
| Organism | UniProt | Comment | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|
| Bos taurus | - |
- |
- |
| Gallus gallus | - |
- |
- |
| Homo sapiens | - |
- |
- |
| Mammalia | - |
expression is sensitively modulated by specific cytokines, growth factors and related intercellular molecular messengers | - |
| Mus musculus | - |
- |
- |
| Ovis aries | - |
- |
- |
| Rattus norvegicus | - |
- |
- |
| Saccharomyces cerevisiae | - |
- |
- |
Posttranslational Modification
| Posttranslational Modification | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| glycoprotein | - |
Homo sapiens |
| glycoprotein | N-glycosylated as 50 kDa preproprotein | Mammalia |
| proteolytic modification | proteolytically cleaved to the 32 kDa catalytically active enzyme | Mammalia |
Reaction
| Reaction | Comment | Organism | Reaction ID |
|---|---|---|---|
| [protein]-L-lysine + O2 + H2O = [protein]-(S)-2-amino-6-oxohexanoate + NH3 + H2O2 | preprotein, lysyl oxidase gene family, amine oxidation through ping pong bi ter kinetic mechanism | Mammalia |
Source Tissue
| Source Tissue | Comment | Organism | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|
| aorta | - |
Gallus gallus | - |
| aorta | - |
Rattus norvegicus | - |
| aorta | - |
Bos taurus | - |
| basal cell | - |
Mammalia | - |
| biliary epithelium | - |
Mammalia | - |
| chondrocyte | - |
Mammalia | - |
| endothelium | - |
Mammalia | - |
| fibroblast | - |
Mammalia | - |
| fibroblast | - |
Homo sapiens | - |
| glomerular epithelium | - |
Mammalia | - |
| lung | - |
Rattus norvegicus | - |
| skin | - |
Homo sapiens | - |
| skin | - |
Rattus norvegicus | - |
| smooth muscle | - |
Mammalia | - |
| smooth muscle | nucleus | Rattus norvegicus | - |
Substrates and Products (Substrate)
| Substrates | Comment Substrates | Organism | Products | Comment (Products) | Rev. | Reac. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| peptidyl-L-lysyl-peptide + O2 + H2O | - |
Gallus gallus | peptidyl-L-allysyl-peptide + NH3 + H2O2 | - |
? | |
| peptidyl-L-lysyl-peptide + O2 + H2O | crosslinkage in fibrillar collagen and elastin | Mammalia | peptidyl-L-allysyl-peptide + NH3 + H2O2 | - |
? | |
Subunits
| Subunits | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| ? | - |
Gallus gallus |
| ? | - |
Homo sapiens |
| ? | x * 46000, predicted, x * 32000, SDS-PAGE | Bos taurus |
| ? | x * 32000, catalytically active enzyme after proteolytic cleavage | Mammalia |
| ? | x * 32000, catalytically active enzyme after proteolytic cleavage | Rattus norvegicus |
| ? | x * 50000, preproprotein | Mammalia |
Synonyms
| Synonyms | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| lysyl oxidase | - |
Mammalia |
| lysyl oxidase | amine oxidase, oxidative deamination | Gallus gallus |
| lysyl oxidase | amine oxidase, oxidative deamination | Homo sapiens |
Cofactor
| Cofactor | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|
| lysyltyrosyl quinone | - |
Homo sapiens | |
| lysyltyrosyl quinone | prosthetic group | Mammalia | |
| trihydroxyphenylalanine quinone | - |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae | |
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