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Literature summary for 1.3.1.24 extracted from
- The heme oxygenase/biliverdin reductase pathway in drug research and development (2009), Curr. Drug Metab., 10, 579-594.
Inhibitors
| Inhibitors | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|
| bilirubin | inhibits the enzyme in a feedback regulation system, biliverdin inhibits the heme oxygenase activity, overview | Homo sapiens |  |
Localization
| Localization | Comment | Organism | GeneOntology No. | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| cytosol | - |
Homo sapiens | 5829 | - |
| cytosol | - |
Rattus norvegicus | 5829 | - |
Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)
| Natural Substrates | Organism | Comment (Nat. Sub.) | Natural Products | Comment (Nat. Pro.) | Rev. | Reac. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| bilirubin + NAD+ | Homo sapiens | - |
biliverdin + NADH + H+ | - |
r | |
| bilirubin + NAD+ | Rattus norvegicus | - |
biliverdin + NADH + H+ | - |
r | |
| bilirubin + NADP+ | Homo sapiens | - |
biliverdin + NADPH + H+ | - |
r | |
| bilirubin + NADP+ | Rattus norvegicus | - |
biliverdin + NADPH + H+ | - |
r | |
| additional information | Homo sapiens | the enzyme shows dual cofactor- and pH-dependency in activity | ? | - |
? | |
| additional information | Rattus norvegicus | the enzyme shows dual cofactor- and pH-dependency in activity | ? | - |
? | |
Organism
| Organism | UniProt | Comment | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|
| Homo sapiens | - |
- |
- |
| Rattus norvegicus | - |
- |
- |
Source Tissue
| Source Tissue | Comment | Organism | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|
| brain | BVR expression patterns, overview | Homo sapiens | - |
| brain | co-expression with heme oxygenases HO-1 and HO-2, BVR expression patterns, overview | Rattus norvegicus | - |
| brain cortex | - |
Rattus norvegicus | - |
| cerebellum | - |
Rattus norvegicus | - |
| hippocampus | - |
Rattus norvegicus | - |
| additional information | the BVR activity progressively increases after birth and reaches adult levels by postpartum day 28 | Rattus norvegicus | - |
| neuron | - |
Rattus norvegicus | - |
| substantia nigra | - |
Rattus norvegicus | - |
Substrates and Products (Substrate)
| Substrates | Comment Substrates | Organism | Products | Comment (Products) | Rev. | Reac. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| bilirubin + NAD+ | - |
Homo sapiens | biliverdin + NADH + H+ | - |
r | |
| bilirubin + NAD+ | - |
Rattus norvegicus | biliverdin + NADH + H+ | - |
r | |
| bilirubin + NADP+ | - |
Homo sapiens | biliverdin + NADPH + H+ | - |
r | |
| bilirubin + NADP+ | - |
Rattus norvegicus | biliverdin + NADPH + H+ | - |
r | |
| additional information | the enzyme shows dual cofactor- and pH-dependency in activity | Homo sapiens | ? | - |
? | |
| additional information | the enzyme shows dual cofactor- and pH-dependency in activity | Rattus norvegicus | ? | - |
? | |
Synonyms
| Synonyms | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| BV reductase | - |
Homo sapiens |
| BV reductase | - |
Rattus norvegicus |
| BVR | - |
Homo sapiens |
| BVR | - |
Rattus norvegicus |
pH Optimum
| pH Optimum Minimum | pH Optimum Maximum | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| additional information | - |
the enzyme shows dual cofactor- and pH-dependency in activity | Homo sapiens |
| additional information | - |
the enzyme shows dual cofactor- and pH-dependency in activity | Rattus norvegicus |
| 6.8 | - |
with NADH | Homo sapiens |
| 8.7 | - |
with NADPH | Homo sapiens |
Cofactor
| Cofactor | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|
| additional information | the enzyme shows dual cofactor- and pH-dependency in activity | Homo sapiens | |
| additional information | the enzyme shows dual cofactor- and pH-dependency in activity | Rattus norvegicus | |
| NAD+ | - |
Homo sapiens | |
| NAD+ | - |
Rattus norvegicus | |
| NADH | - |
Homo sapiens | |
| NADH | - |
Rattus norvegicus | |
| NADP+ | - |
Homo sapiens | |
| NADP+ | - |
Rattus norvegicus | |
| NADPH | - |
Homo sapiens | |
| NADPH | - |
Rattus norvegicus | |
Expression
| Organism | Comment | Expression |
|---|---|---|
| Homo sapiens | BVR expression is unaffected by heat shock | additional information |
| Homo sapiens | BVR is induced by lipopolysaccharides and bromobenzene at a post-transcriptional level | up |
General Information
| General Information | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| metabolism | the heme oxygenase/biliverdin reductase axis is the main metabolic pathway for heme degradation. Activation during stress results in increased heme degradation and acceleration of biliverdin transformation to bilirubin | Homo sapiens |
| metabolism | the heme oxygenase/biliverdin reductase axis is the main metabolic pathway for heme degradation. Activation suirng stress results in increased heme degradation and acceleration of biliverdin transformation to bilirubin | Rattus norvegicus |
| additional information | pharmacodynamics of the heme oxygenase/biliverdin reductase system, overview | Homo sapiens |
| physiological function | BV reductase regulates cell growth and apoptosis, its knockdown increases apoptosis. The BVR also phosphorylates the insulin receptor substrate 1, IRS-1, on serine residues preventing its phosphorylation by insulin receptor, which represent a physiological mechanism for increasing glucose uptake. And BVR is a nuclear transporter of ERK1/2 with metabolic regulatory role | Homo sapiens |
| physiological function | BV reductase regulates cell growth and apoptosis, its knockdown increases apoptosis. The BVR also phosphorylates the insulin receptor substrate 1, IRS-1, on serine residues preventing its phosphorylation by insulin receptor, which represent a physiological mechanism for increasing glucose uptake. And BVR is a nuclear transporter of ERK1/2 with metabolic regulatory role | Rattus norvegicus |
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