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Literature summary for 1.14.18.1 extracted from

  • Gao, Z.; Han, X.; Xiao, X.
    Purification and characterisation of polyphenol oxidase from red Swiss chard (Beta vulgaris subspecies cicla) leaves (2009), Food Chem., 117, 342-348.
No PubMed abstract available

Inhibitors

Inhibitors Comment Organism Structure
1,4-dithiothreitol complete inhibition at 10 mM Beta vulgaris
ascorbic acid completely inhibited by 10 mM ascorbic acid Beta vulgaris
beta-mercaptoethanol complete inhibition at 10 mM Beta vulgaris
Ca2+ 65% residual activity at 10 mM Beta vulgaris
cetyl trimethylammonium bromide 46% residual activity at 0.2% (v/v) Beta vulgaris
Citric acid 65% residual activity at 10 mM Beta vulgaris
Co2+ 75% residual activity at 10 mM Beta vulgaris
Cu2+ 50% residual activity at 1 mM Beta vulgaris
cysteine complete inhibition at 10 mM Beta vulgaris
EDTA 81% residual activity at 10 mM Beta vulgaris
Mg2+ 65% residual activity at 10 mM Beta vulgaris
Mn2+ 75% residual activity at 10 mM Beta vulgaris
Sodium azide 83% residual activity at 10 mM Beta vulgaris
Sodium diethyldithiocarbamate complete inhibition at 10 mM Beta vulgaris
Sodium metabisulfite complete inhibition at 10 mM Beta vulgaris
sodium sulfite complete inhibition at 10 mM Beta vulgaris
Thiourea complete inhibition at 10 mM Beta vulgaris
Tween 20 84% residual activity at 10 mM Beta vulgaris
Zn2+ 77% residual activity at 10 mM Beta vulgaris

Metals/Ions

Metals/Ions Comment Organism Structure
K+ 127% activity at 1 mM Beta vulgaris
Na+ 114% activity at 10 mM Beta vulgaris

Molecular Weight [Da]

Molecular Weight [Da] Molecular Weight Maximum [Da] Comment Organism
41000
-
SDS-PAGE Beta vulgaris

Organism

Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
Beta vulgaris
-
red Swiss chard, subspecies Beta vulgaris cicla
-

Purification (Commentary)

Purification (Comment) Organism
ammonium sulfate fractionation, DEAE-Sepharose column chromatography and Sephadex G-75 gel filtration Beta vulgaris

Source Tissue

Source Tissue Comment Organism Textmining
leaf
-
Beta vulgaris
-

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
2 catechol + O2 86% relative activity compared to L-DOPA Beta vulgaris 2 1,2-benzoquinone + 2 H2O
-
?
2,3-dimethylphenol + O2 11% relative activity compared to L-DOPA Beta vulgaris ?
-
?
4-methoxyphenol + O2 40% relative activity compared to L-DOPA, weak monophenolase activity Beta vulgaris ?
-
?
chlorogenic acid + O2 80% relative activity compared to L-DOPA Beta vulgaris ?
-
?
gallic acid + O2 73% relative activity compared to L-DOPA Beta vulgaris ?
-
?
L-Dopa + O2 100% activity Beta vulgaris L-dopaquinone + H2O
-
?
L-tyrosine + O2 2% relative activity compared to L-DOPA, weak monophenolase activity Beta vulgaris L-DOPA + H2O
-
?

Subunits

Subunits Comment Organism
monomer 1 * 41000, SDS-PAGE Beta vulgaris

Synonyms

Synonyms Comment Organism
polyphenol oxidase
-
Beta vulgaris
PPO
-
Beta vulgaris

Temperature Optimum [°C]

Temperature Optimum [°C] Temperature Optimum Maximum [°C] Comment Organism
45
-
-
Beta vulgaris

Temperature Range [°C]

Temperature Minimum [°C] Temperature Maximum [°C] Comment Organism
30 70 about 55% of maximal activity at 30°C and at 70°C Beta vulgaris

Temperature Stability [°C]

Temperature Stability Minimum [°C] Temperature Stability Maximum [°C] Comment Organism
10 70 the activity of recombinant PPO gradually increases with temperature ranging from 10 to 45°C, but followed by a decrease at higher temperatures, the residual soluble PPO activity remains above 60% after 40 min at 30, 40 and 50°C and then decreases significantly when temperature reaches at 60°C, with only 55% activity in just 10 min. When the temperature is raised to 80°C, the enzyme retains less than 18% of its original activity after 20 min and even less after prolonged incubation. Beta vulgaris

pH Optimum

pH Optimum Minimum pH Optimum Maximum Comment Organism
7.5
-
-
Beta vulgaris

pH Range

pH Minimum pH Maximum Comment Organism
6.5 10 pH 6.5: about 60% of maximal activity, pH 10.0: about 10% of maximal activity Beta vulgaris

pH Stability

pH Stability pH Stability Maximum Comment Organism
3 10 stable between pH 4.0 and 10.0 retaining more than 80% of its activity in the pH range of 5.0-9.0, PPO is rapidly inactivated by the pH below 5.0, the activity of recombinant PPO gradually increases with pH value in the range of 5-7, the activity decreases rapidly below and above pH 7.5, more than 70% of the optimal activity is kept between pH 7.5 and 10.0, after incubating at pH 11.0 for 1 h the recombinant PPO still retains 74% of its activity whereas at pH 3.0 it is left with only 39.4% Beta vulgaris