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Literature summary for 1.14.11.66 extracted from
- Continual removal of H3K9 promoter methylation by Jmjd2 demethylases is vital for ESC self-renewal and early development (2016), EMBO J., 35, 1550-1564 .
Application
| Application | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| biotechnology | continual removal of H3K9 promoter methylation by Jmjd2 demethylases represents a novel mechanism ensuring transcriptional competence and stability of the pluripotent cell identity | Mus musculus |
Cloned(Commentary)
| Cloned (Comment) | Organism |
|---|---|
| gene KDM4A/Jmjd2a, the loci encoding Jmjd2a and Jmjd2c are both located on chromosome 4 about 40 MB apart and are thus expected to co-segregate with a frequency related to the rate of meiotic recombination | Mus musculus |
| gene KDM4C/Jmjd2c, the loci encoding Jmjd2a and Jmjd2c are both located on chromosome 4 about 40 MB apart and are thus expected to co-segregate with a frequency related to the rate of meiotic recombination | Mus musculus |
Protein Variants
| Protein Variants | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| additional information | generation of conditional Jmjd2a/Kdm4a, Jmjd2b/Kdm4b and Jmjd2c/Kdm4c/Gasc1 single, double and triple knockout mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs). While individual Jmjd2 family members are dispensable for ESC maintenance and embryogenesis, combined deficiency for specifically Jmjd2a and Jmjd2c leads to early embryonic lethality and impaired ESC self-renewal, with spontaneous differentiation towards primitive endoderm under permissive culture conditions. Increased H3K9me3 levels in knockout ESCs compromise the expression of several Jmjd2a/c targets, including genes that are important for ESC self-renewal. Thus, continual removal of H3K9 promoter methylation by Jmjd2 demethylases represents a novel mechanism ensuring transcriptional competence and stability of the pluripotent cell identity. Phenotypes, overview | Mus musculus |
Localization
| Localization | Comment | Organism | GeneOntology No. | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| additional information | Jmjd2a and Jmjd2c both localize to H3K4me3-positive regions. Recruitment of the Jmjd2 H3K9/H3K36 demethylases to H3K4me3-marked nucleosomes | Mus musculus | - |
- |
| nucleosome | recruitment of the Jmjd2 H3K9/H3K36 demethylases to H3K4me3-marked nucleosomes | Mus musculus | 786 | - |
| nucleus | - |
Mus musculus | 5634 | - |
Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)
| Natural Substrates | Organism | Comment (Nat. Sub.) | Natural Products | Comment (Nat. Pro.) | Rev. | Reac. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| [histone H3]-N6,N6,N6-trimethyl-L-lysine 9 + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 | Mus musculus | - |
[histone H3]-N6,N6-dimethyl-L-lysine 9 + succinate + formaldehyde + CO2 | - |
? |  |
| [histone H3]-N6,N6,N6-trimethyl-L-lysine 9 + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 | Mus musculus C57BL/6 | - |
[histone H3]-N6,N6-dimethyl-L-lysine 9 + succinate + formaldehyde + CO2 | - |
? | |
| [histone H3]-N6,N6-dimethyl-L-lysine 9 + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 | Mus musculus | - |
[histone H3]-N6-methyl-L-lysine 9 + succinate + formaldehyde + CO2 | - |
? | |
| [histone H3]-N6,N6-dimethyl-L-lysine 9 + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 | Mus musculus C57BL/6 | - |
[histone H3]-N6-methyl-L-lysine 9 + succinate + formaldehyde + CO2 | - |
? | |
Organism
| Organism | UniProt | Comment | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mus musculus | Q8BW72 | - |
- |
| Mus musculus | Q8VCD7 | - |
- |
| Mus musculus | Q91VY5 | - |
- |
| Mus musculus C57BL/6 | Q8BW72 | - |
- |
| Mus musculus C57BL/6 | Q8VCD7 | - |
- |
| Mus musculus C57BL/6 | Q91VY5 | - |
- |
Source Tissue
| Source Tissue | Comment | Organism | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|
| embryonic stem cell | - |
Mus musculus | - |
Substrates and Products (Substrate)
| Substrates | Comment Substrates | Organism | Products | Comment (Products) | Rev. | Reac. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| additional information | the bifunctional enzyme is active on H3K9me3/me2 and H3K36me3/me2 (EC 1.14.11.69) substrates | Mus musculus | ? | - |
? | |
| additional information | the bifunctional enzyme is active on H3K9me3/me2 and H3K36me3/me2 (EC 1.14.11.69) substrates | Mus musculus C57BL/6 | ? | - |
? | |
| [histone H3]-N6,N6,N6-trimethyl-L-lysine 9 + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 | - |
Mus musculus | [histone H3]-N6,N6-dimethyl-L-lysine 9 + succinate + formaldehyde + CO2 | - |
? | |
| [histone H3]-N6,N6,N6-trimethyl-L-lysine 9 + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 | - |
Mus musculus C57BL/6 | [histone H3]-N6,N6-dimethyl-L-lysine 9 + succinate + formaldehyde + CO2 | - |
? | |
| [histone H3]-N6,N6-dimethyl-L-lysine 9 + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 | - |
Mus musculus | [histone H3]-N6-methyl-L-lysine 9 + succinate + formaldehyde + CO2 | - |
? | |
| [histone H3]-N6,N6-dimethyl-L-lysine 9 + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 | - |
Mus musculus C57BL/6 | [histone H3]-N6-methyl-L-lysine 9 + succinate + formaldehyde + CO2 | - |
? | |
Synonyms
| Synonyms | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| JMJD2A | - |
Mus musculus |
| JMJD2B | - |
Mus musculus |
| JMJD2C | - |
Mus musculus |
| KDM4A | - |
Mus musculus |
| KDM4B | - |
Mus musculus |
| Kdm4c | - |
Mus musculus |
| More | see also EC 1.14.11.69 | Mus musculus |
Expression
| Organism | Comment | Expression |
|---|---|---|
| Mus musculus | upon 4-hydroxytamoxifen treatment, Jmjd2a and Jmjd2b become undetectable by Western blot, while expression levels for other Jmjd2 family members are unaltered | down |
| Mus musculus | Jmjd2c expression is unaffected by 4-hydroxytamoxifen treatment, while Jmjd2a and Jmjd2b are downregulated | additional information |
General Information
| General Information | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| evolution | the enzyme belongs to the Jmjd2 family of H3K9/H3K36 histone demethylases | Mus musculus |
| malfunction | Jmjd2c is dispensable for embryonic stem cell maintenance and embryogenesis, while combined deficiency for specifically Jmjd2a and Jmjd2c leads to early embryonic lethality and impaired embryonic stem cell (ESC) self-renewal, with spontaneous differentiation towards primitive endoderm under permissive culture conditions, phenotype, overview. Only specific genomic elements are affected upon loss of Jmjd2 function. Loss of Jmjd2a and Jmjd2c has a drastic effect on ESC proliferation | Mus musculus |
| malfunction | lack of either Jmjd2a or Jmjd2b is compatible with embryonic stem cell self-renewal and embryonic development. Only specific genomic elements are affected upon loss of Jmjd2 function | Mus musculus |
| malfunction | lack of either Jmjd2a or Jmjd2b is compatible with embryonic stem cell self-renewal and embryonic development. While individual Jmjd2 family members are dispensable for embryonic stem cell maintenance and embryogenesis, combined deficiency for specifically Jmjd2a and Jmjd2c leads to early embryonic lethality and impaired embryonic stem cell (ESC) self-renewal, with spontaneous differentiation towards primitive endoderm under permissive culture conditions, phenotype, overview. Only specific genomic elements are affected upon loss of Jmjd2 function. Loss of Jmjd2a and Jmjd2c has a drastic effect on ESC proliferation | Mus musculus |
| physiological function | Jmjd2a and Jmjd2c both localize to H3K4me3-positive promoters, where they have widespread and redundant roles in preventing accumulation of H3K9me3 and H3K36me3. Jmjd2 catalytic activity is required for embryonic stem cell (ESC) maintenance. Jmjd2a and Jmjd2c are essential for early embryonic development. Recruitment of the Jmjd2 H3K9/H3K36 demethylases to H3K4me3-marked nucleosomes. Jmjd2a and Jmjd2c redundantly regulate histone methylation levels | Mus musculus |
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