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Literature summary for 1.1.1.431 extracted from

  • Fan, E.S.; Lu, K.W.; Wen, R.C.; Shen, C.R.
    Photosynthetic reduction of xylose to xylitol using cyanobacteria (2020), Biotechnol. J., 15, e1900354 .
    View publication on PubMed

Cloned(Commentary)

Cloned (Comment) Organism
gene xyl1, recombinant expression of the enzyme in Synechococcus elongatus strain PCC7942, functional co-expression with a xylose transporter from Escherichia coli, Ec-XylE [Candida] boidinii

Protein Variants

Protein Variants Comment Organism
additional information efficient uptake and reduction of xylose photoautotrophically in Synechococcus elongatus strain PCC7942 are demonstrated upon introduction of an effective xylose transporter from Escherichia coli (Ec-XylE) and the NADPH-dependent xylose reductase from Candida boidinii (Cb-XR). Simultaneous activation of xylose uptake and matching of cofactor specificity enables an average xylitol yield of 0.9 g/g xylose and a maximum productivity of about 0.15 g/l/day/OD with increased level of xylose supply. High-density conversion of xylose to xylitol using concentrated resting cells further pushes the titer of xylitol formation to 33 g/l in six days with 85% of maximum theoretical yield. Comparison of the efficiencies of the two routes for xylitol biosynthesis, detailed overview [Candida] boidinii

KM Value [mM]

KM Value [mM] KM Value Maximum [mM] Substrate Comment Organism Structure
additional information
-
additional information Michaelis-Menten kinetics [Candida] boidinii

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

Natural Substrates Organism Comment (Nat. Sub.) Natural Products Comment (Nat. Pro.) Rev. Reac.
D-xylose + NADPH + H+ [Candida] boidinii
-
xylitol + NADP+
-
r

Organism

Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
[Candida] boidinii Q8X195
-
-

Specific Activity [micromol/min/mg]

Specific Activity Minimum [µmol/min/mg] Specific Activity Maximum [µmol/min/mg] Comment Organism
additional information
-
enzyme activities in different engineered Synechococcus elongatus strain PCC7942 variants, overview [Candida] boidinii

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
D-xylose + NADPH + H+
-
[Candida] boidinii xylitol + NADP+
-
r

Synonyms

Synonyms Comment Organism
Cb-XR
-
[Candida] boidinii
NADPH-dependent xylose reductase
-
[Candida] boidinii
XYL1
-
[Candida] boidinii

Temperature Optimum [°C]

Temperature Optimum [°C] Temperature Optimum Maximum [°C] Comment Organism
30
-
in vivo assay at [Candida] boidinii

pH Optimum

pH Optimum Minimum pH Optimum Maximum Comment Organism
7.5
-
assay at [Candida] boidinii

Cofactor

Cofactor Comment Organism Structure
NADP+
-
[Candida] boidinii
NADPH
-
[Candida] boidinii

General Information

General Information Comment Organism
metabolism biosynthesis of xylitol can be achieved from two distinctive routes, one occurs via the activity of NADPH-dependent xylose reductase (XR), reducing xylose directly into xylitol. The other one proceeds via formation of the intermediate xylulose through xylose isomerase (XI, EC 5.3.1.5) followed by NADH-dependent reduction via the xylitol dehydrogenase (XDH, EC 1.1.1.9). Both of the metabolic routes originate from xylose dissimilation and can lead to formation of xylulose-5-phosphtate, the entrance point of pentose phosphate pathway [Candida] boidinii