Reference on EC 6.3.2.2 - glutamate-cysteine ligase
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REF. 
AUTHORS
TITLE
JOURNAL
VOL.
PAGES
YEAR
ORGANISM (UNIPROT)
PUBMED ID
SOURCE
Huang, C.S.; Moore, W.R.; Meister, A.
On the active site thiol of gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase: relationship to catalysis, inhibition, and regulation
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA
85
2464-2468
1988
Escherichia coli, Rattus norvegicus
Moore, W.; Wiener, H.L.; Meister, A.
Inactivation of gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase, but not of glutamine synthetase, by S-sulfocysteine and S-sulfohomocysteine
J. Biol. Chem.
262
16771-16777
1987
Rattus norvegicus
Watanabe, K.; Murata, K.; Kimura, A.
Purification and characterization of gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase of Escherichia coli B
Agric. Biol. Chem.
50
1925-1930
1986
Escherichia coli, Escherichia coli B / ATCC 11303
-
Seelig, G.F.; Meister.A.
gamma-Glutamylcysteine synthetase from erythrocytes
Methods Enzymol.
113
390-392
1985
Rattus norvegicus
Seelig, G.F.; Meister, A.
Glutathione biosynthesis: gamma-Glutamylcysteine synthetase from rat kidney
Methods Enzymol.
113
379-390
1985
Rattus norvegicus
Seelig, G.F.; Simondsen, R.P.; Meister, A.
Reversible dissociation of gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase into two subunits
J. Biol. Chem.
259
9345-9347
1984
Rattus norvegicus
Seelig, G.F.; Meister, A.
gamma-Glutamylcysteine synthetase from erythrocytes
Anal. Biochem.
141
510-514
1984
Rattus norvegicus
Seelig, G.F.; Meister, A.
gamma-Glutamylcysteine synthetase. Interaction of an essential sulfhydryl group
J. Biol. Chem.
259
3534-3538
1984
Rattus norvegicus
Kumagai, H.; Nakayama, R.; Tochikura, T.
gamma-Glutamylcysteine synthetase from Proteus mirabilis
Agric. Biol. Chem.
46
1301-1309
1982
Klebsiella aerogenes, Bacterium cadaveris, Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, Proteus vulgaris, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Pseudomonas schuylkilliensis, Escherichia coli S-96, Escherichia coli B / ATCC 11303, Escherichia coli Crooks, Escherichia coli K-10, Escherichia coli FKU-8, Escherichia coli FKU-3, Escherichia coli FKU-1
-
Murata, K.; Kimura, A.
Cloning of a gene responsible for the biosynthesis of glutathione in Escherichia coli B
Appl. Environ. Microbiol.
44
1444-1448
1982
Escherichia coli, Escherichia coli B / ATCC 11303
Board, P.G.; Smith, J.E.; Moore, K.; Ou, D.
Erythrocyte gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase from normal and low-glutathione sheep
Biochim. Biophys. Acta
613
534-541
1980
Ovis aries
Griffith, O.W.; Meister, A.
Potent and specific inhibition of glutathione synthesis by buthionine sulfoximine (S-n-butyl homocysteine sulfoximine)
J. Biol. Chem.
254
7558-7560
1979
Rattus norvegicus
Griffith, O.W.; Anderson, M.E.; Meister, A.
Inhibition of glutathione biosynthesis by prothionine sulfoximine (S-n-propyl homocysteine sulfoximine), a selective inhibitor of gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase
J. Biol. Chem.
254
1205-1210
1979
Rattus norvegicus
Van Buskirk, G.E.; Gander, J.E.; Rathbun, W.B.
Bovine lenticular gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase: reaction sequence
Eur. J. Biochem.
85
589-597
1978
Bos taurus
Sekura, R.; Meister, A.
gamma-Glutamylcysteine synthetase. Further purification, half of the sites" reactivity, subunits, and specificity
J. Biol. Chem.
252
2599-2605
1977
Rattus norvegicus
Orlowski, M.; Meister, A.
gamma-Glutamylcysteine synthetase (rat kidney)
Methods Enzymol.
17B
495-500
1971
Rattus norvegicus
-
Richman, P.G.; Orlowski, M.; Meister, A.
Inhibition of gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase by L-methionine-S-sulfoximine
J. Biol. Chem.
248
6684-6690
1973
Rattus norvegicus
Davis, J.S.; Balinsky, J.B.; Harington, J.S.; Shepherd, J.B.
Assay, purification, properties and mechanism of action of gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase from the liver of the rat and Xenopus laevis
Biochem. J.
133
667-678
1973
Rattus norvegicus, Xenopus laevis
Yip, B.; Rudolph, F.B.
The kinetic mechanism of rat kidney gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase
J. Biol. Chem.
251
3563-3568
1976
Rattus norvegicus
Gander, J.E.; Sethna, S.S.; Rathbun, W.B.
Bovine lens gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase. Inhibition by glutathione and adenine nucleotides
Eur. J. Biochem.
133
635-640
1983
Bos taurus
Simondsen, R.P.; Meister, A.
Interaction of the D-isomer of gamma-methylene glutamate with an active site thiol of gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase
J. Biol. Chem.
261
17134-17137
1986
Rattus norvegicus
Chang, L.
The functional involvement of Lys-38 in the heavy subunit of rat kidney gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase: chemical modification and mutagenesis studies
J. Protein Chem.
15
321-326
1996
Rattus norvegicus
Hussein, A.S.; Walter, R.D.
Purification and characterization of gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase from Ascaris suum
Mol. Biochem. Parasitol.
72
57-64
1995
Ascaris suum
Inoue, Y.; Iba, Y.; Yano, H.; Murata, K.; Kimura, A.
Functional analysis of the gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase of Escherichia coli B: effect of substitution of His-150 to Ala
Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol.
38
473-477
1993
Escherichia coli, Escherichia coli B / ATCC 11303
May, M.J.; Leaver, C.J.
Arabidopsis thaliana gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase is structurally unrelated to mammalian, yeast, and Escherichia coli homologs
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA
91
10059-10063
1994
Arabidopsis thaliana
Sriram, R.; Ali-Osman, F.
Purification and biochemical characterization of gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase from a human malignant astrocytoma cell line
Biochem. Mol. Biol. Int.
30
1053-1060
1993
Homo sapiens
Chang, L.; Chang, C.
Biochemical regulation of the activity of gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase from rat liver and kidney by glutathione
Biochem. Mol. Biol. Int.
32
697-703
1994
Rattus norvegicus
Reid, L.L.; Botta, D.; Lu, Y.; Gallagher, E.P.; Kavanagh, T.J.
Molecular cloning and sequencing of the cDNA encoding the catalytic subunit of mouse glutamate-cysteine ligase
Biochim. Biophys. Acta
1352
233-237
1997
Mus musculus
Mutoh, N.; Nakagawa, C.W.; Hayashi, Y.
Molecular cloning and nucleotide sequencing of the gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase gene of the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe
J. Biochem.
117
283-288
1995
Schizosaccharomyces pombe
Huang, C.S.; Anderson, M.E.; Meister, A.
Amino acid sequence and function of the light subunit of rat kidney gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase
J. Biol. Chem.
268
20578-20583
1993
Rattus norvegicus
Lueder, D.V.; Phillips, M.A.
Characterization of Trypanosoma brucei gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase, an essential enzyme in the biosynthesis of trypanothione (diglutathionylspermidine)
J. Biol. Chem.
271
17485-17490
1996
Trypanosoma brucei
Hell, R.; Bergmann, L.
gamma-Glutamylcysteine synthetase in higher plants: catalytic properties and subcellular localization
Planta
180
603-612
1990
Nicotiana tabacum, Pisum sativum, Spinacia oleracea, Triticum aestivum
Huang, C.S.; Chang, L.S.; Anderson, M.E.; Meister, A.
Catalytic and regulatory properties of the heavy subunit of rat kidney gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase
J. Biol. Chem.
268
19675-19680
1993
Rattus norvegicus
Hibi, T.; Hisada, H.; Nakatsu, T.; Kato, H.; Oda, J.
Escherichia coli B gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase: modification, purification, crystallization and preliminary crystallographic analysis
Acta Crystallogr. Sect. D
58
316-318
2002
Escherichia coli, Escherichia coli B / ATCC 11303
Griffith, O.W.; Mulcahy, R.T.
The enzymes of glutathione synthesis: gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase
Adv. Enzymol. Relat. Areas Mol. Biol.
73
209-267
1999
Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans (Q56277), Arabidopsis thaliana (P46309), Ascaris suum, Bos taurus, Escherichia coli (P0A6W9), Homo sapiens (P48506), Homo sapiens (P48507), Homo sapiens, Leishmania tarentolae (P90557), Mus musculus (A0A0H2UNM8), Mus musculus (P97494), Nicotiana tabacum, no activity in Entamoeba histolytica, no activity in Giardia sp., Ovis aries, Proteus mirabilis, Rattus norvegicus (P19468), Rattus norvegicus (P48508), Saccharomyces cerevisiae (P32477), Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Q09768), Sus scrofa, Trypanosoma brucei (Q26820), Xenopus sp., [Candida] boidinii
Gegg, M.E.; Clark, J.B.; Heales, S.J.R.
Determination of glutamate-cysteine ligase (gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase) activity by high-performance liquid chromatography and electrochemical detection
Anal. Biochem.
304
26-32
2002
Rattus norvegicus
Tu, Z.; Anders, M.W.
Expression and characterization of human glutamate-cysteine ligase
Arch. Biochem. Biophys.
354
247-254
1998
Homo sapiens
Huber, W.W.; Scharf, G.; Rossmanith, W.; Prustomersky, S.; Grasl-Kraupp, B.; Peter, B.; Turesky, R.J.; Schulte-Hermann, R.
The coffee components kahweol and cafestol induce g-glutamylcysteine synthetase, the rate limiting enzyme of chemoprotective glutathione synthesis, in several organs of the rat
Arch. Toxicol.
75
685-694
2002
Rattus norvegicus
Tu, Z.; Anders, M.W.
Identification of an important cysteine residue in human glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit by site-directed mutagenesis
Biochem. J.
336
675-680
1998
Homo sapiens
-
Wild, A.C.; Mulcahy, R.T.
Pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate up-regulates the expression of the genes encoding the catalytic and regulatory subunits of gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase and increases intracellular glutathione levels
Biochem. J.
338
659-665
1999
Homo sapiens
-
Abbott, J.J.; Ford, J.L.; Phillips, M.A.
Substrate binding determinants of Trypanosoma brucei gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase
Biochemistry
41
2741-2750
2002
Trypanosoma brucei
Huang, Z.A.; Yang, H.; Chen, C.; Zeng, Z.; Lu, S.C.
Inducers of gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase and their effects on glutathione synthetase expression
Biochim. Biophys. Acta
1493
48-55
2000
Rattus norvegicus
Katoh, M.; Hiratake, J.; Oda, J.i.
ATP-dependent inactivation of Escherichia coli gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase by L-glutamic acid gamma-monohydroxamate
Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem.
62
1455-1457
1998
Escherichia coli
Hiratake, J.; Irie, T.; Tokutake, N.; Oda, J.i.
Recognition of a cysteine substrate by E. coli gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase probed by sulfoximine-based transition-state analogue inhibitors
Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem.
66
1500-1514
2002
Escherichia coli
Hamilton, D.; Wu, J.H.; Alaoui-Jamali, M.; Batist, G.
A novel missense mutation in the gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase catalytic subunit gene causes both decreased enzymatic activity and glutathione production
Blood
102
725-730
2003
Homo sapiens
Myhrstad, M.C.; Carlsen, H.; Nordstrom, O.; Blomhoff, R.; Moskaug, J.O.
Flavonoids increase the intracellular glutathione level by transactivation of the gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase catalytical subunit promoter
Free Radic. Biol. Med.
32
386-393
2002
Homo sapiens
Dickinson, D.A.; Iles, K.E.; Watanabe, N.; Iwamoto, T.; Zhang, H.; Krzywanski, D.M.; Forman, H.J.
4-Hydroxynonenal induces glutamate cysteine ligase through JNK in HBE1 cells
Free Radic. Biol. Med.
33
974-987
2002
Homo sapiens
Wild, A.C.; Mulcahy, R.T.
Regulation of gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase subunit gene expression: insights into transcriptional control of antioxidant defenses
Free Radic. Res.
32
281-301
2000
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Homo sapiens, Mus musculus, Rattus norvegicus
Kwak, J.H.; Nam, Y.S.; Lee, S.Y.
Site-specific mutagenesis of the gshI gene for increasing the activity of gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase in Escherichia coli K-12
J. Biochem. Mol. Biol.
31
254-257
1998
Escherichia coli
-
Brekken, D.L.; Phillips, M.A.
Trypanosoma brucei gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase. Characterization of the kinetic mechanism and the role of Cys-319 in cystamine inactivation
J. Biol. Chem.
273
26317-26322
1998
Trypanosoma brucei
Mari, M.; Cederbaum, A.I.
CYP2E1 overexpression in HepG2 cells induces glutathione synthesis by transcriptional activation of gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase
J. Biol. Chem.
275
15563-15571
2000
Homo sapiens
Abbott, J.J.; Pei, J.; Ford, J.L.; Qi, Y.; Grishin, V.N.; Pitcher, L.A.; Phillips, M.A.; Grishin, N.V.
Structure prediction and active site analysis of the metal binding determinants in gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase
J. Biol. Chem.
276
42099-42107
2001
Trypanosoma brucei
Yang, H.; Zeng, Y.; Lee, T.D.; Yang, Y.; Ou, X.; Chen, L.; Haque, M.; Rippe, R.; Lu, S.C.
Role of AP-1 in the coordinate induction of rat glutamate-cysteine ligase and glutathione synthetase by tert-butylhydroquinone
J. Biol. Chem.
277
35232-35239
2002
Rattus norvegicus
Kelly, B.S.; Antholine, W.E.; Griffith, O.W.
Escherichia coli gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase. Two active site metal ions affect substrate and inhibitor binding
J. Biol. Chem.
277
50-58
2002
Escherichia coli (P0A6W9), Escherichia coli, Escherichia coli JM109 (P0A6W9)
Fraser, J.A.; Kansagra, P.; Kotecki, C.; Saunders, R.D.C.; McLellan, L.I.
The modifier subunit of Drosophila glutamate-cysteine ligase regulates catalytic activity by covalent and noncovalent interactions and influences glutathione homeostasis in vivo
J. Biol. Chem.
278
46369-46377
2003
Drosophila melanogaster
Gullner, G.; Komives, T.; Rennenberg, H.
Enhanced tolerance of transgenic poplar plants overexpressing gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase towards chloroacetanilide herbicides
J. Exp. Bot.
52
971-979
2001
Populus tremula x Populus alba
Kang, Y.; Viswanath, V.; Jha, N.; Qiao, X.; Mo, J.Q.; Andersen, J.K.
Brain gamma-glutamyl cysteine synthetase (GCS) mRNA expression patterns correlate with regional-specific enzyme activities and glutathione levels
J. Neurosci. Res.
58
436-441
1999
Mus musculus
Lersen, K.; Muller, S.; Hussein, A.; Liebau, E.; Walter, R.D.
The gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase of Onchocerca volvulus
Mol. Biochem. Parasitol.
111
243-251
2000
Onchocerca volvulus (Q9NFN6), Onchocerca volvulus
Wheeler, G.L.; Quinn, K.A.; Perrone, G.; Dawes, I.W.; Grant, C.M.
Glutathione regulates the expression of gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase via the Met4 transcription factor
Mol. Microbiol.
46
545-556
2002
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Misra, I.; Griffith, O.W.
Expression and purification human g-glutamylcysteine synthetase
Protein Expr. Purif.
13
268-276
1998
Homo sapiens
Shukla, G.S.; Chiu, J.; Hart, B.A.
Enhanced expression of pulmonary gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase heavy subunit in rats exposed to cadmium aerosols
Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol.
163
249-259
2000
Rattus norvegicus
Walsh, A.C.; Feulner, J.A.; Reilly, A.
Evidence for functionally significant polymorphism of human glutamate cysteine ligase catalytic subunit: association with glutathione levels and drug resistance in the National Cancer Institute tumor cell line panel
Toxicol. Sci.
61
218-223
2001
Homo sapiens
Tsai-Turton, M.; Luderer, U.
Gonadotropin regulation of glutamate cysteine ligase catalytic and modifier subunit expression in rat ovary is subunit and follicle stage specific
Am. J. Physiol.
289
E391-402
2005
Rattus norvegicus (P19468)
Toroser, D.; Sohal, R.S.
Kinetic characteristics of native gamma-glutamylcysteine ligase in the aging housefly, Musca domestica L
Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.
326
586-593
2005
Mus musculus
Lee, J.I.; Kang, J.; Stipanuk, M.H.
Differential regulation of glutamate-cysteine ligase subunit expression and increased holoenzyme formation in response to cysteine deprivation
Biochem. J.
393
181-190
2006
Rattus norvegicus
Fan, X.; He, X.; Guo, X.; Qu, N.; Wang, C.; Zhang, B.
Increasing glutathione formation by functional expression of the gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase gene in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Biotechnol. Lett.
26
415-417
2004
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Botta, D.; Franklin, C.C.; White, C.C.; Krejsa, C.M.; Dabrowski, M.J.; Pierce, R.H.; Fausto, N.; Kavanagh, T.J.
Glutamate-cysteine ligase attenuates TNF-induced mitochondrial injury and apoptosis
Free Radic. Biol. Med.
37
632-642
2004
Mus musculus
Tiitto, L.H.; Peltoniemi, M.J.; Kaarteenaho-Wiik, R.L.; Soini, Y.M.; Paakko, P.K.; Sormunen, R.T.; Kinnula, V.L.
Cell-specific regulation of gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase in human interstitial lung diseases
Hum. Pathol.
35
832-839
2004
Homo sapiens
Jez, J.M.; Cahoon, R.E.; Chen, S.
Arabidopsis thaliana glutamate-cysteine ligase: functional properties, kinetic mechanism, and regulation of activity
J. Biol. Chem.
279
33463-33470
2004
Arabidopsis thaliana (P46309), Arabidopsis thaliana
Janowiak, B.E.; Griffith, O.W.
Glutathione synthesis in Streptococcus agalactiae. One protein accounts for gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase and glutathione synthetase activities
J. Biol. Chem.
280
11829-11839
2005
Streptococcus agalactiae
Chen, Y.; Shertzer, H.G.; Schneider, S.N.; Nebert, D.W.; Dalton, T.P.
Glutamate cysteine ligase catalysis: dependence on ATP and modifier subunit for regulation of tissue glutathione levels
J. Biol. Chem.
280
33766-33774
2005
Mus musculus
Orr, W.C.; Radyuk, S.N.; Prabhudesai, L.; Toroser, D.; Benes, J.J.; Luchak, J.M.; Mockett, R.J.; Rebrin, I.; Hubbard, J.G.; Sohal, R.S.
Overexpression of glutamate-cysteine ligase extends life span in Drosophila melanogaster
J. Biol. Chem.
280
37331-37338
2005
Drosophila melanogaster
Vergauwen, B.; De Vos, D.; Van Beeumen, J.J.
Characterization of the bifunctional gamma -glutamate-cysteine ligase-glutathione synthetase (GshF) of Pasteurella multocida
J. Biol. Chem.
281
4380-4394
2005
Pasteurella multocida
Chik, K.; Flourie, F.; Arab, K.; Steghens, J.P.
Kinetic measurement by LC/MS of gamma-glutamylcysteine ligase activity
J. Chromatogr. B
827
32-38
2005
Rattus norvegicus (P19468), Homo sapiens (P48506), Homo sapiens
Hartmann, T.; Honicke, P.; Wirtz, M.; Hell, R.; Rennenberg, H.; Kopriva, S.
Regulation of sulphate assimilation by glutathione in poplars (Populus tremula x P. alba) of wild type and overexpressing gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase in the cytosol
J. Exp. Bot.
55
837-845
2004
Populus tremula x Populus alba
Ashida, H.; Sawa, Y.; Shibata, H.
Cloning, biochemical and phylogenetic characterizations of gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase from Anabaena sp. PCC 7120
Plant Cell Physiol.
46
557-562
2005
Nostoc sp.
Gomez, L.D.; Vanacker, H.; Buchner, P.; Noctor, G.; Foyer, C.H.
Intercellular distribution of glutathione synthesis in maize leaves and its response to short-term chilling
Plant Physiol.
134
1662-1671
2004
Zea mays (Q8W4W3), Zea mays
Hibi, T.; Nii, H.; Nakatsu, T.; Kimura, A.; Kato, H.; Hiratake, J.; Oda, J.
Crystal structure of gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase: insights into the mechanism of catalysis by a key enzyme for glutathione homeostasis
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA
101
15052-15057
2004
Escherichia coli
Diaz, D.; Krejsa, C.M.; White, C.C.; Charleston, J.S.; Kavanagh, T.J.
Effect of methylmercury on glutamate-cysteine ligase expression in the placenta and yolk sac during mouse development
Reprod. Toxicol.
19
117-129
2004
Mus musculus
Hansen, J.M.; Lee, E.; Harris, C.
Spatial activities and induction of glutamate-cysteine ligase (GCL) in the postimplantation rat embryo and visceral yolk sac
Toxicol. Sci.
81
371-378
2004
Rattus norvegicus
Takamura, Y.; Fatma, N.; Kubo, E.; Singh, D.P.
Regulation of heavy subunit chain of gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase by tumor necrosis factor-alpha in lens epithelial cells: role of LEDGF/p75
Am. J. Physiol.
290
C554-C566
2006
Homo sapiens
Aguirre, P.; Valdes, P.; Aracena-Parks, P.; Tapia, V.; Nunez, M.T.
Upregulation of gamma-glutamate-cysteine ligase as part of the long-term adaptation process to iron accumulation in neuronal SH-SY5Y cells
Am. J. Physiol.
292
C2197-C2203
2007
Homo sapiens
Yang, Y.; Chen, Y.; Johansson, E.; Schneider, S.N.; Shertzer, H.G.; Nebert, D.W.; Dalton, T.P.
Interaction between the catalytic and modifier subunits of glutamate-cysteine ligase
Biochem. Pharmacol.
74
372-381
2007
Mus musculus
Janowiak, B.E.; Hayward, M.A.; Peterson, F.C.; Volkman, B.F.; Griffith, O.W.
gamma-Glutamylcysteine synthetase-glutathione synthetase: domain structure and identification of residues important in substrate and glutathione binding
Biochemistry
45
10461-10473
2006
Streptococcus agalactiae
Toroser, D.; Yarian, C.S.; Orr, W.C.; Sohal, R.S.
Mechanisms of gamma-glutamylcysteine ligase regulation
Biochim. Biophys. Acta
1760
233-244
2006
Mus musculus (P97494), Mus musculus, Drosophila melanogaster (Q9W3K5), Drosophila melanogaster
Andringa, K.K.; Coleman, M.C.; Aykin-Burns, N.; Hitchler, M.J.; Walsh, S.A.; Domann, F.E.; Spitz, D.R.
Inhibition of glutamate cysteine ligase activity sensitizes human breast cancer cells to the toxicity of 2-deoxy-D-glucose
Cancer Res.
66
1605-1610
2006
Homo sapiens
Dasgupta, A.; Das, S.; Sarkar, P.K.
Thyroid hormone promotes glutathione synthesis in astrocytes by up regulation of glutamate cysteine ligase through differential stimulation of its catalytic and modulator subunit mRNAs
Free Radic. Biol. Med.
42
617-626
2007
Rattus norvegicus
Katayama, S.; Ishikawa, S.; Fan, M.Z.; Mine, Y.
Oligophosphopeptides derived from egg yolk phosvitin up-regulate gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase and antioxidant enzymes against oxidative stress in Caco-2 cells
J. Agric. Food Chem.
55
2829-2835
2007
Homo sapiens
Hothorn, M.; Wachter, A.; Gromes, R.; Stuwe, T.; Rausch, T.; Scheffzek, K.
Structural basis for the redox control of plant glutamate cysteine ligase
J. Biol. Chem.
281
27557-27565
2006
Brassica juncea (O23736), Brassica juncea
Botta, D.; Shi, S.; White, C.C.; Dabrowski, M.J.; Keener, C.L.; Srinouanprachanh, S.L.; Farin, F.M.; Ware, C.B.; Ladiges, W.C.; Pierce, R.H.; Fausto, N.; Kavanagh, T.J.
Acetaminophen-induced liver injury is attenuated in male glutamate-cysteine ligase transgenic mice
J. Biol. Chem.
281
28865-28875
2006
Mus musculus
Das, G.C.; Bacsi, A.; Shrivastav, M.; Hazra, T.K.; Boldogh, I.
Enhanced gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase activity decreases drug-induced oxidative stress levels and cytotoxicity
Mol. Carcinog.
45
635-647
2006
Homo sapiens
Benassi, B.; Zupi, G.; Biroccio, A.
gamma-Glutamylcysteine synthetase mediates the c-Myc-dependent response to antineoplastic agents in melanoma cells
Mol. Pharmacol.
72
1015-1023
2007
Homo sapiens
Nagashima, R.; Sugiyama, C.; Yoneyama, M.; Kuramoto, N.; Kawada, K.; Ogita, K.
Acoustic overstimulation facilitates the expression of glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit probably through enhanced DNA binding of activator protein-1 and/or NF-kappaB in the murine cochlea
Neurochem. Int.
51
209-215
2007
Mus musculus
Hicks, L.M.; Cahoon, R.E.; Bonner, E.R.; Rivard, R.S.; Sheffield, J.; Jez, J.M.
Thiol-based regulation of redox-active glutamate-cysteine ligase from Arabidopsis thaliana
Plant Cell
19
2653-2661
2007
Arabidopsis thaliana
Parisy, V.; Poinssot, B.; Owsianowski, L.; Buchala, A.; Glazebrook, J.; Mauch, F.
Identification of PAD2 as a gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase highlights the importance of glutathione in disease resistance of Arabidopsis
Plant J.
49
159-172
2007
Arabidopsis sp.
Li, Y.; Dankher, O.P.; Carreira, L.; Smith, A.P.; Meagher, R.B.
The shoot-specific expression of gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase directs the long-distance transport of thiol-peptides to roots conferring tolerance to mercury and arsenic
Plant Physiol.
141
288-298
2006
Arabidopsis thaliana
Rinna, A.; Forman, H.J.
SHP-1 inhibition by 4-hydroxynonenal activates Jun N-terminal kinase and glutamate cysteine ligase
Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol.
39
97-104
2008
Homo sapiens
Siedlinski, M.; Postma, D.S.; van Diemen, C.C.; Blokstra, A.; Smit, H.A.; Boezen, H.M.
Lung function loss, smoking, vitamin C intake, and polymorphisms of the glutamate-cysteine ligase genes
Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med.
178
13-19
2008
Homo sapiens
Kishi, T.; Ikeda, M.; Kitajima, T.; Yamanouchi, Y.; Kinoshita, Y.; Kawashima, K.; Inada, T.; Harano, M.; Komiyama, T.; Hori, T.; Yamada, M.; Iyo, M.; Sora, I.; Sekine, Y.; Ozaki, N.; Ujike, H.; Iwata, N.
Glutamate cysteine ligase modifier (GCLM) subunit gene is not associated with methamphetamine-use disorder or schizophrenia in the Japanese population
Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci.
1139
63-69
2008
Homo sapiens
Zhang, H.; Shih, A.; Rinna, A.; Forman, H.J.
Resveratrol and 4-hydroxynonenal act in concert to increase glutamate cysteine ligase expression and glutathione in human bronchial epithelial cells
Arch. Biochem. Biophys.
481
110-115
2008
Homo sapiens
Bea, F.; Hudson, F.N.; Neff-Laford, H.; White, C.C.; Kavanagh, T.J.; Kreuzer, J.; Preusch, M.R.; Blessing, E.; Katus, H.A.; Rosenfeld, M.E.
Homocysteine stimulates antioxidant response element-mediated expression of glutamate-cysteine ligase in mouse macrophages
Atherosclerosis
203
105-111
2008
Mus musculus
Kim, E.K.; Cha, C.J.; Cho, Y.J.; Cho, Y.B.; Roe, J.H.
Synthesis of gamma-glutamylcysteine as a major low-molecular-weight thiol in lactic acid bacteria Leuconostoc spp
Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.
369
1047-1051
2008
Leuconostoc mesenteroides, Leuconostoc kimchii, Leuconostoc mesenteroides ATCC 8293, Leuconostoc kimchii KTCC 2386
Sunagawa, S.; Choi, J.; Forman, H.J.; Medina, M.
Hyperthermic stress-induced increase in the expression of glutamate-cysteine ligase and glutathione levels in the symbiotic sea anemone Aiptasia pallida
Comp. Biochem. Physiol. B
151
133-138
2008
Exaiptasia diaphana (B2ZG39), Exaiptasia diaphana
Coffinet, S.; Cossu-Leguille, C.; Rodius, F.; Vasseur, P.
Glutamate cysteine ligase (GCL) in the freshwater bivalve Unio tumidus: Impact of storage conditions and seasons on activity and identification of partial coding sequence of the catalytic subunit
Comp. Biochem. Physiol. B
151B
88-95
2008
Unio tumidus (B4YE15)
-
Botta, D.; White, C.C.; Vliet-Gregg, P.; Mohar, I.; Shi, S.; McGrath, M.B.; McConnachie, L.A.; Kavanagh, T.J.
Modulating GSH synthesis using glutamate cysteine ligase transgenic and gene-targeted mice
Drug Metab. Rev.
40
465-477
2008
Mus musculus
Wu, H.; White, C.C.; Isanhart, J.P.; McBride, T.J.; Kavanagh, T.J.; Hooper, M.J.
Optimization and application of glutamate cysteine ligase measurement in wildlife species
Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf.
72
572-578
2008
Anas platyrhynchos, Mus musculus, Rattus norvegicus
Chappell, S.; Daly, L.; Morgan, K.; Guetta-Baranes, T.; Roca, J.; Rabinovich, R.; Lotya, J.; Millar, A.B.; Donnelly, S.C.; Keatings, V.; MacNee, W.; Stolk, J.; Hiemstra, P.S.; Miniati, M.; Monti, S.; OConnor, C.M.; Kalsheker, N.
Genetic variants of microsomal epoxide hydrolase and glutamate-cysteine ligase in COPD
Eur. Respir. J.
32
931-937
2008
Homo sapiens
Pereda, J.; Escobar, J.; Sandoval, J.; Rodriguez, J.L.; Sabater, L.; Pallardo, F.V.; Torres, L.; Franco, L.; Vina, J.; Lopez-Rodas, G.; Sastre, J.
Glutamate cysteine ligase up-regulation fails in necrotizing pancreatitis
Free Radic. Biol. Med.
44
1599-1609
2008
Rattus norvegicus
Langston, W.; Circu, M.L.; Aw, T.Y.
Insulin stimulation of gamma-glutamylcysteine ligase catalytic subunit expression increases endothelial GSH during oxidative stress: Influence of low glucose
Free Radic. Biol. Med.
45
1591-1599
2008
Homo sapiens
Nichenametla, S.N.; Ellison, I.; Calcagnotto, A.; Lazarus, P.; Muscat, J.E.; Richie, J.P.
Functional significance of the GAG trinucleotide-repeat polymorphism in the gene for the catalytic subunit of gamma-glutamylcysteine ligase
Free Radic. Biol. Med.
45
645-650
2008
Homo sapiens
Franklin, C.C.; Backos, D.S.; Mohar, I.; White, C.C.; Forman, H.J.; Kavanagh, T.J.
Structure, function, and post-translational regulation of the catalytic and modifier subunits of glutamate cysteine ligase
Mol. Aspects Med.
30
86-98
2008
Arabidopsis thaliana, Drosophila melanogaster, Homo sapiens, Mus musculus, Rattus norvegicus
Kaufmann, Y.; Todorova, V.K.; Luo, S.; Klimberg, V.S.
Glutamine affects glutathione recycling enzymes in a DMBA-induced breast cancer model
Nutr. Cancer
60
518-525
2008
Rattus norvegicus, Rattus norvegicus (P19468)
Liu, X.P.; Goldring, C.E.; Wang, H.Y.; Copple, I.M.; Kitteringham, N.R.; Park, B.K.; Wei, W.
Extract of Ginkgo biloba induces glutamate cysteine ligase catalytic subunit (GCLC)
Phytother. Res.
22
367-371
2008
Homo sapiens
Gromes, R.; Hothorn, M.; Lenherr, E.D.; Rybin, V.; Scheffzek, K.; Rausch, T.
The redox switch of gamma-glutamylcysteine ligase via a reversible monomer-dimer transition is a mechanism unique to plants
Plant J.
54
1063-1075
2008
Agrobacterium tumefaciens, Xanthomonas campestris, Brassica juncea (O23736), Brassica juncea, Nicotiana tabacum (Q1W2L8), Nicotiana tabacum
Miyake, K.; Kakita, S.
A novel catalytic ability of gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase of Escherichia coli and its application in theanine production
Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem.
73
2677-2683
2009
Escherichia coli
Asano, T.; Tsutsuda-Asano, A.; Fukunaga, Y.
Indomethacin overcomes doxorubicin resistance by decreasing intracellular content of glutathione and its conjugates with decreasing expression of gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase via promoter activity in doxorubicin-resistant leukemia cells
Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol.
64
715-721
2009
Homo sapiens
Kobayashi, T.; Watanabe, Y.; Saito, Y.; Fujioka, D.; Nakamura, T.; Obata, J.E.; Kitta, Y.; Yano, T.; Kawabata, K.; Watanabe, K.; Mishina, H.; Ito, S.; Kugiyama, K.
Mice lacking the glutamate-cysteine ligase modifier subunit are susceptible to myocardial ischaemia-reperfusion injury
Cardiovasc. Res.
85
785-795
2010
Mus musculus
Petrovic, V.; Buzadzic, B.; Korac, A.; Vasilijevic, A.; Jankovic, A.; Korac, B.
L-Arginine supplementation induces glutathione synthesis in interscapular brown adipose tissue through activation of glutamate-cysteine ligase expression: The role of nitric oxide
Chem. Biol. Interact.
182
204-212
2009
Rattus norvegicus
Wu, H.; McBride, T.J.; Isanhart, J.P.; Cox, S.B.; Hooper, M.J.
Responses of glutamate cysteine ligase and glutathione to oxidants in deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus)
Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf.
72
1572-1578
2009
Peromyscus maniculatus
Jackson, R.M.; Gupta, C.
Hypoxia and kinase activity regulate lung epithelial cell glutathione
Exp. Lung Res.
36
45-56
2010
Homo sapiens
Park, H.; Nam, M.; Lee, H.; Jun, W.; Hendrich, S.; Lee, K.
Isolation of caffeic acid from Perilla frutescens and its role in enhancing ?-glutamylcysteine synthetase activity and glutathione level
Food Chem.
119
724-730
2010
Homo sapiens
Thompson, J.A.; White, C.C.; Cox, D.P.; Chan, J.Y.; Kavanagh, T.J.; Fausto, N.; Franklin, C.C.
Distinct Nrf1/2-independent mechanisms mediate As 3+-induced glutamate-cysteine ligase subunit gene expression in murine hepatocytes
Free Radic. Biol. Med.
46
1614-1625
2009
Mus musculus
Malki, L.; Yanku, M.; Borovok, I.; Cohen, G.; Mevarech, M.; Aharonowitz, Y.
Identification and characterization of gshA, a gene encoding the glutamate-cysteine ligase in the halophilic archaeon Haloferax volcanii
J. Bacteriol.
191
5196-5204
2009
Haloferax volcanii (D4GZN2), Haloferax volcanii
Biterova, E.I.; Barycki, J.J.
Mechanistic details of glutathione biosynthesis revealed by crystal structures of Saccharomyces cerevisiae glutamate cysteine ligase
J. Biol. Chem.
284
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2009
Homo sapiens, Saccharomyces cerevisiae (P32477), Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Biterova, E.I.; Barycki, J.J.
Structural basis for feedback and pharmacological inhibition of Saccharomyces cerevisiae glutamate cysteine ligase
J. Biol. Chem.
285
14459-14466
2010
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (P32477), Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Krejsa, C.M.; Franklin, C.C.; White, C.C.; Ledbetter, J.A.; Schieven, G.L.; Kavanagh, T.J.
Rapid activation of glutamate cysteine ligase following oxidative stress
J. Biol. Chem.
285
16116-16124
2010
Homo sapiens
Shinohara, M.; Ybanez, M.D.; Win, S.; Than, T.A.; Jain, S.; Gaarde, W.A.; Han, D.; Kaplowitz, N.
Silencing glycogen synthase kinase-3beta inhibits acetaminophen hepatotoxicity and attenuates JNK activation and loss of glutamate cysteine ligase and myeloid cell leukemia sequence 1
J. Biol. Chem.
285
8244-8255
2010
Mus musculus
Kumar, A.; Bachhawat, A.K.
A futile cycle, formed between two ATP-dependant gamma-glutamyl cycle enzymes, gamma-glutamyl cysteine synthetase and 5-oxoprolinase: the cause of cellular ATP depletion in nephrotic cystinosis?
J. Biosci.
35
21-25
2010
Homo sapiens
Oliveira, C.P.; Stefano, J.T.; Cavaleiro, A.M.; Zanella Fortes, M.A.; Vieira, S.M.; Rodrigues Lima, V.M.; Santos, T.E.; Santos, V.N.; de Azevedo Salgado, A.L.; Parise, E.R.; Ferreira Alves, V.A.; Carrilho, F.J.; Correa-Giannella, M.L.
Association of polymorphisms of glutamate-cystein ligase and microsomal triglyceride transfer protein genes in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol.
25
357-361
2010
Homo sapiens
Chen, C.N.; Brown-Borg, H.M.; Rakoczy, S.G.; Ferrington, D.A.; Thompson, L.V.
Aging impairs the expression of the catalytic subunit of glutamate cysteine ligase in soleus muscle under stress
J. Gerontol. A Biol. Sci. Med. Sci.
65
129-137
2010
Rattus norvegicus
de Tudela, M.V.; Delgado-Esteban, M.; Cuende, J.; Bolanos, J.P.; Almeida, A.
Human neuroblastoma cells with MYCN amplification are selectively resistant to oxidative stress by transcriptionally up-regulating glutamate cysteine ligase
J. Neurochem.
113
819-825
2010
Homo sapiens
Mukherjee, A.; Roy, G.; Guimond, C.; Ouellette, M.
The gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase gene of Leishmania is essential and involved in response to oxidants
Mol. Microbiol.
74
914-927
2009
Leishmania infantum
Cortes-Wanstreet, M.M.; Giedzinski, E.; Limoli, C.L.; Luderer, U.
Overexpression of glutamate-cysteine ligase protects human COV434 granulosa tumour cells against oxidative and gamma-radiation-induced cell death
Mutagenesis
24
211-224
2009
Homo sapiens
Sharma, S.K.; Banyal, H.S.
gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase from Plasmodium berghei
Parasitol. Int.
58
145-153
2009
Plasmodium berghei
Gao, S.S.; Choi, B.M.; Chen, X.Y.; Zhu, R.Z.; Kim, Y.; So, H.; Park, R.; Sung, M.; Kim, B.R.
Kaempferol suppresses cisplatin-induced apoptosis via inductions of heme oxygenase-1 and glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit in HEI-OC1 cell
Pharm. Res.
27
235-245
2010
Mus musculus
Liedschulte, V.; Wachter, A.; Zhigang, A.; Rausch, T.
Exploiting plants for glutathione (GSH) production: Uncoupling GSH synthesis from cellular controls results in unprecedented GSH accumulation
Plant Biotechnol. J.
8
1-14
2010
Streptococcus thermophilus (D7P1H2), Streptococcus thermophilus
Herschbach, C.; Rizzini, L.; Mult, S.; Hartmann, T.; Busch, F.; Peuke, A.D.; Kopriva, S.; Ensminger, I.
Over-expression of bacterial gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase (GSH1) in plastids affects photosynthesis, growth and sulphur metabolism in poplar (Populus tremula x Populus alba) dependent on the resulting gamma-glutamylcysteine and glutathione levels
Plant Cell Environ.
33
1138-1151
2010
Escherichia coli
Zhao, C.; Qiao, M.; Yu, Y.; Xia, G.; Xiang, F.
The effect of the heterologous expression of Phragmites australis gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase on the Cd accumulation of Agrostis palustris
Plant Cell Environ.
33
877-887
2009
Phragmites australis
Backos, D.S.; Brocker, C.N.; Franklin, C.C.
Manipulation of cellular GSH biosynthetic capacity via TAT-mediated protein transduction of wild-type or a dominant-negative mutant of glutamate cysteine ligase alters cell sensitivity to oxidant-induced cytotoxicity
Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol.
243
35-45
2010
Mus musculus
Hosomi, H.; Akai, S.; Minami, K.; Yoshikawa, Y.; Fukami, T.; Nakajima, M.; Yokoi, T.
An in vitro drug-induced hepatotoxicity screening system using CYP3A4-expressing and gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase knockdown cells
Toxicol. In Vitro
24
1032-1038
2010
Rattus norvegicus (P19468)
Kimura, T.; Kawasaki, Y.; Okumura, F.; Sone, T.; Natsuki, R.; Isobe, M.
Ethanol-induced expression of glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit gene is mediated by NF-kappaB
Toxicol. Lett.
185
110-115
2009
Homo sapiens
Morita, M.; Akai, S.; Hosomi, H.; Tsuneyama, K.; Nakajima, M.; Yokoi, T.
Drug-induced hepatotoxicity test using gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase knockdown rat
Toxicol. Lett.
189
159-165
2009
Rattus norvegicus
Park, S.H.; Jang, J.H.; Chen, C.Y.; Na, H.K.; Surh, Y.J.
A formulated red ginseng extract rescues PC12 cells from PCB-induced oxidative cell death through Nrf2-mediated upregulation of heme oxygenase-1 and glutamate cysteine ligase
Toxicology
278
131-139
2010
Rattus norvegicus
Willis, M.N.; Liu, Y.; Biterova, E.I.; Simpson, M.A.; Kim, H.; Lee, J.; Barycki, J.J.
Enzymatic defects underlying hereditary glutamate cysteine ligase deficiency are mitigated by association of the catalytic and regulatory subunits
Biochemistry
50
6508-6517
2011
Homo sapiens
Huang, J.Y.; Chuang, J.I.
Fibroblast growth factor 9 upregulates heme oxygenase-1 and gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase expression to protect neurons from 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium toxicity
Free Radic. Biol. Med.
49
1099-1108
2010
Rattus norvegicus
Backos, D.S.; Fritz, K.S.; Roede, J.R.; Petersen, D.R.; Franklin, C.C.
Posttranslational modification and regulation of glutamate-cysteine ligase by the alpha,beta-unsaturated aldehyde 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal
Free Radic. Biol. Med.
50
14-26
2011
Homo sapiens, Mus musculus
Li, W.; Li, Z.; Yang, J.; Ye, Q.
Production of glutathione using a bifunctional enzyme encoded by gshF from Streptococcus thermophilus expressed in Escherichia coli
J. Biotechnol.
154
261-268
2011
Streptococcus thermophilus (D4N891), Streptococcus thermophilus SIIM B218 (D4N891)
Henriquez, F.L.; Campbell, S.A.; Roberts, C.W.; Mullen, A.B.; Burchmore, R.; Carter, K.C.
Vaccination with recombinant Leishmania donovani gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase fusion protein protects against L. donovani infection
J. Parasitol.
96
929-936
2010
Leishmania donovani
Le, T.M.; Willis, A.S.; Barr, F.E.; Cunningham, G.R.; Canter, J.A.; Owens, S.E.; Apple, R.K.; Ayodo, G.; Reich, D.; Summar, M.L.
An ethnic-specific polymorphism in the catalytic subunit of glutamate-cysteine ligase impairs the production of glutathione intermediates in vitro
Mol. Genet. Metab.
101
55-61
2010
Homo sapiens
Sikalidis, A.K.; Mazor, K.M.; Lee, J.I.; Roman, H.B.; Hirschberger, L.L.; Stipanuk, M.H.
Upregulation of capacity for glutathione synthesis in response to amino acid deprivation: regulation of glutamate-cysteine ligase subunits
Amino Acids
46
1285-1296
2014
Homo sapiens, Mus musculus, Rattus norvegicus, Rattus norvegicus Sprague-Dawley
Kumar, S.; Kasturia, N.; Sharma, A.; Datt, M.; Bachhawat, A.K.
Redox-dependent stability of the gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase enzyme of Escherichia coli: a novel means of redox regulation
Biochem. J.
449
783-794
2013
Escherichia coli
Musgrave, W.B.; Yi, H.; Kline, D.; Cameron, J.C.; Wignes, J.; Dey, S.; Pakrasi, H.B.; Jez, J.M.
Probing the origins of glutathione biosynthesis through biochemical analysis of glutamate-cysteine ligase and glutathione synthetase from a model photosynthetic prokaryote
Biochem. J.
450
63-72
2013
Synechocystis sp. (P74515), Synechocystis sp.
Foeller, M.; Harris, I.S.; Elia, A.; John, R.; Lang, F.; Kavanagh, T.J.; Mak, T.W.
Functional significance of glutamate-cysteine ligase modifier for erythrocyte survival in vitro and in vivo
Cell Death Differ.
20
1350-1358
2013
Mus musculus
Jiang, Y.; Tao, R.; Shen, Z.; Sun, L.; Zhu, F.; Yang, S.
Enzymatic production of glutathione by bifunctional gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase/glutathione synthetase coupled with in vitro acetate kinase-based ATP generation
Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol.
180
1446-1455
2016
Streptococcus thermophilus (D4N891), Streptococcus thermophilus, Streptococcus agalactiae serogroup V (Q8DXM9), Streptococcus agalactiae serogroup V ATCC BAA-611 / 2603 V/R (Q8DXM9), Streptococcus thermophilus SIIM B218 (D4N891)
Yang, J.; Li, W.; Wang, D.; Wu, H.; Li, Z.; Ye, Q.
Characterization of bifunctional L-glutathione synthetases from Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae and Actinobacillus succinogenes for efficient glutathione biosynthesis
Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol.
100
6279-6289
2016
Actinobacillus succinogenes (A6VQP8), Actinobacillus succinogenes, Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae (D4N892), Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, Actinobacillus succinogenes ATCC 55618 (A6VQP8)
Ferguson, G.; Bridge, W.
Glutamate cysteine ligase and the age-related decline in cellular glutathione the therapeutic potential of gamma-glutamylcysteine
Arch. Biochem. Biophys.
593
12-23
2016
Rattus norvegicus (P19468 AND P48508)
Albino, A.; De Angelis, A.; Marco, S.; Severino, V.; Chambery, A.; Di Maro, A.; Desiderio, D.; Raimo, G.; Masullo, M.; De Vendittis, E.
The cold-adapted gamma-glutamyl-cysteine ligase from the psychrophile Pseudoalteromonas haloplanktis
Biochimie
104
50-60
2014
Pseudoalteromonas haloplanktis (Q3IEB7), Pseudoalteromonas haloplanktis TAC 125 (Q3IEB7)
Li, M.; Zhang, Z.; Yuan, J.; Zhang, Y.; Jin, X.
Altered glutamate cysteine ligase expression and activity in renal cell carcinoma
Biomed. Rep.
2
831-834
2014
Homo sapiens (P48506 AND P48507), Homo sapiens
Orellana, C.A.; Marcellin, E.; Gray, P.P.; Nielsen, L.K.
Overexpression of the regulatory subunit of glutamate-cysteine ligase enhances monoclonal antibody production in CHO cells
Biotechnol. Bioeng.
114
1825-1836
2017
Cricetulus griseus (G3HIY9 AND G3IG96), Cricetulus griseus
Song, W.; Yuan, J.; Zhang, Z.; Li, L.; Hu, L.
Altered glutamate cysteine ligase activity in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
Exp. Ther. Med.
8
195-200
2014
Homo sapiens (P48506 AND P48507), Homo sapiens
Qiu, Z.; Deng, Z.; Tan, H.; Zhou, S.; Cao, L.
Engineering the robustness of Saccharomyces cerevisiae by introducing bifunctional glutathione synthase gene
J. Ind. Microbiol. Biotechnol.
42
537-542
2015
Streptococcus thermophilus (D7P1H2)
Wang, D.; Wang, C.; Wu, H.; Li, Z.; Ye, Q.
Glutathione production by recombinant Escherichia coli expressing bifunctional glutathione synthetase
J. Ind. Microbiol. Biotechnol.
43
45-53
2016
Streptococcus thermophilus (D4N891), Streptococcus thermophilus, Streptococcus thermophilus SIIM B218 (D4N891)
Wisniewski, M.; Lapinski, M.; Zdziarska, A.; Dlugosz, E.; Baska, P.
Molecular cloning and analysis of Ancylostoma ceylanicum glutamate-cysteine ligase
Mol. Biochem. Parasitol.
196
12-20
2014
Ancylostoma ceylanicum (C1KBE8 AND C1KBE7), Ancylostoma ceylanicum
Qiu, Z.; Tan, H.; Zhou, S.; Cao, L.
Surface display of a bifunctional glutathione synthetase on Saccharomyces cerevisiae for converting chicken feather hydrolysate into glutathione
Mol. Biotechnol.
56
726-730
2014
Streptococcus thermophilus (D7P1H2), Streptococcus thermophilus
Akaboshi, T.; Yamanishi, R.
Certain carotenoids enhance the intracellular glutathione level in a murine cultured macrophage cell line by inducing glutamate-cysteine-ligase
Mol. Nutr. Food Res.
58
1291-1300
2014
Mus musculus (P97494 AND O09172), Mus musculus
Kong, M.; Wang, F.; Tian, L.; Tang, H.; Zhang, L.
Functional identification of glutamate cysteine ligase and glutathione synthetase in the marine yeast Rhodosporidium diobovatum
Naturwissenschaften
105
doi: 10.1007/s00114-017-1520-2
2017
Rhodotorula diobovata (A0A0U2SCI4), Rhodotorula diobovata, Rhodotorula diobovata MCCC 2A00023 (A0A0U2SCI4)
He, J.; Li, H.; Ma, C.; Zhang, Y.; Polle, A.; Rennenberg, H.; Cheng, X.; Luo, Z.B.
Overexpression of bacterial gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase mediates changes in cadmium influx, allocation and detoxification in poplar
New Phytol.
205
240-254
2015
Escherichia coli (P0A6W9)
Dequanter, D.; van de Velde, M.; Bar, I.; Nuyens, V.; Rousseau, A.; Nagy, N.; Vanhamme, L.; Vanhaeverbeek, M.; Brohee, D.; Delree, P.; Boudjeltia, K.; Lothaire, P.; Uzureau, P.
Nuclear localization of glutamate-cysteine ligase is associated with proliferation in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Oncol. Lett.
11
3660-3668
2016
Homo sapiens (P48506 AND P48507)
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