Please wait a moment until all data is loaded. This message will disappear when all data is loaded.
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
(2-Aminobenzoyl)-Lys-Glu-Arg-Ser-Lys-Arg-Ser-Ala-Leu-Arg-Asp-(3-nitro)Tyr-Ala + H2O
(2-Aminobenzoyl)-Lys-Glu-Arg-Ser-Lys-Arg + Ser-Ala-Leu-Arg-Asp-(3-nitro)Tyr-Ala
-
-
-
?
Boc-Arg-Val-Arg-Arg-4-methyl-coumaryl-7-amide + H2O
?
-
-
-
-
?
Cholecystokinin + H2O
?
-
-
-
?
cholecystokinin 8-containing peptide + H2O
?
-
a synthetic peptide substrate containing the CCK 8 Gly Arg Arg peptide sequence, i.e. DYMGWMDF, and the cleavage site of pro-cholecystokinin for its liberation, overview
-
-
?
dynorphin-A 1-17 + H2O
?
-
-
-
?
glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide precursor + H2O
glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide + propeptide of glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide
L-pGlu-L-Arg-L-Thr-L-Lys-Arg-7-amido-4-methylcoumarin + H2O
L-pGlu-L-Arg-L-Thr-L-Lys-Arg + 7-amino-4-methylcoumarin
-
-
-
-
?
pGlu-Arg-Thr-Arg-Arg-7-amido-4-methylcoumarin + H2O
?
-
-
-
-
?
pGlu-Arg-Thr-Lys-Arg-4-methyl-coumarin 7-amide
?
-
-
-
?
pGlu-Arg-Thr-Lys-Arg-4-methyl-coumaryl-7-amide + H2O
?
-
-
-
-
?
pGlu-Arg-Thr-Lys-Arg-4-methylcoumarin 7-amide + H2O
pGlu-Arg-Thr-Lys-Arg + 7-amino-4-methylcoumarin
pGlu-Arg-Thr-Lys-Arg-4-methylcoumarin-7-amide + H2O
?
-
-
-
?
pGlu-Arg-Thr-Lys-Arg-7-amido-4-methylcoumarin + H2O
pGlu-Arg-Thr-Lys-Arg + 7-amino-4-methylcoumarin
pro-cholecystokinin + H2O
N-terminal propeptide + C-terminal cholecystokinin 8 Gly Arg Arg peptide + remaining CCK peptide
-
the substrate is only cleaved in vivo since defolding proteins ar required, in vitro the cleavage site is inaccessible for the enzyme
peptide product analysis
-
?
pro-cholecystokinin + H2O
N-terminal propeptide + cholecystokinin 58
-
the substrate is only cleaved at the CKK 8 peptide in vivo since defolding proteins ar required, in vitro the cleavage site is inaccessible for the enzyme
peptide product analysis
-
?
pro-growth hormone-releasing hormone + H2O
growth hormone-releasing hormone + GHRH-RP + pro-peptide of growth hormone-releasing hormone
pro-growth hormone-releasing hormone + H2O
growth hormone-releasing hormone + pro-peptide of growth hormone-releasing hormone
pro-islet amyloid polypeptide + H2O
islet amyloid polypeptide + pro-peptides of islet amyloid polypeptide
-
precursor of IAPP or amylin, the major component of islet amyloid, cleavage at the C- and N-terminus
-
-
?
pro-neurotensin + H2O
?
-
-
-
-
?
Pro-opiomelanocortin + H2O
?
Pro-opiomelanocortin + H2O
Adrenocorticotropic hormone + beta-lipotropin + beta endorphin
pro-opiomelanocortin + H2O
bioactive ACTH + ?
pro-thyrotropin-releasing hormone + H2O
fragments of pro-thyrotropin-releasing hormone
prodynorphin + H2O
dynorphin + ?
proenkephalin + H2O
?
-
-
-
?
Proenkephalin + H2O
Enkephalin + ?
progastrin + H2O
gastrin-34 + gastrin-17
-
PC1/3 initiates cleavage at the N-terminal di-arginine site (Arg36-Arg37) at an early stage in the processing. The endoproteolytic maturation of progastrin in normal G-cells appears to require an interplay, primarily between PC1/3 and PC2. Processing may begin with PC1/3, which is solely responsible for the cleavage of Arg36-Arg37. Subsequently, PC1/3 cleaves the crucial Arg73-Arg74. Later, in secretory granules, PC2 performs the partial cleavage of Lys53-Lys54 to ensure the production of gastrin-17
-
-
?
proglucagon + H2O
glicentin + major proglucagon fragment
-
can be differentially processed to produce alternative final products, depending on the cell type in which they are expressed
-
?
proglucagon + H2O
glucagon-like peptide 1
-
-
-
-
?
proglucagon1-158 + H2O
oxyntomodulin + glicentin-related polypeptide + IP2/GLP-2
-
glicentin lacks the signal sequence of proglucagon, residues -20-1, recombinant hamster substrate and murine enzyme co-expressed in rat GH4C1 cells, low activity, cleavage at the proglucagon interdomain site Lys70-Arg71-/-, and at Lys31-Arg32-/-
mature glucagon consists of residues 33-61, glicentin-related polypeptide comprises the C-terminal residues 1-32, GLP-1 is the N-terminal glucagon-like peptide comprising residues 62-69, IP2/GLP-2 comprises residues 72-158
-
?
Proinsulin + H2O
Insulin + ?
proopiomelanocortin + H2O
?
-
is cleaved by prohormone convertase 1/3 to produce peptides that regulate the body's response to energy availability
-
-
?
Prosomatostatin + H2O
Somatostatin + ?
prothyrotropin-releasing hormone + H2O
thyrotropin-releasing hormone + pro-peptide of thyrotropin-releasing hormone
somatostatin + H2O
?
-
PC1 may function as sorting element for somatostatin for its maturation and processing to appropiate targets
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide precursor + H2O
glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide + propeptide of glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide
-
PC1/3 is essential for pro-GIP processing
GIP
-
?
glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide precursor + H2O
glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide + propeptide of glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide
-
i.e. pro-GIP, incretin hormone
GIP
-
?
pGlu-Arg-Thr-Lys-Arg-4-methylcoumarin 7-amide + H2O
pGlu-Arg-Thr-Lys-Arg + 7-amino-4-methylcoumarin
-
-
-
-
?
pGlu-Arg-Thr-Lys-Arg-4-methylcoumarin 7-amide + H2O
pGlu-Arg-Thr-Lys-Arg + 7-amino-4-methylcoumarin
-
-
-
-
?
pGlu-Arg-Thr-Lys-Arg-7-amido-4-methylcoumarin + H2O
pGlu-Arg-Thr-Lys-Arg + 7-amino-4-methylcoumarin
-
-
-
-
?
pGlu-Arg-Thr-Lys-Arg-7-amido-4-methylcoumarin + H2O
pGlu-Arg-Thr-Lys-Arg + 7-amino-4-methylcoumarin
-
-
-
?
pro-growth hormone-releasing hormone + H2O
growth hormone-releasing hormone + GHRH-RP + pro-peptide of growth hormone-releasing hormone
-
posttranslational processing mechanism, PC1 is the primary enzyme involved in the processing, overview
-
-
?
pro-growth hormone-releasing hormone + H2O
growth hormone-releasing hormone + GHRH-RP + pro-peptide of growth hormone-releasing hormone
-
proGHRH, processing
products are the pro-peptide of 1.7 kDa, the mature GHRH of 5.2 kDa, and GHRH-RP of 3.6 kDa
-
?
pro-growth hormone-releasing hormone + H2O
growth hormone-releasing hormone + pro-peptide of growth hormone-releasing hormone
-
PC1/3 and furin, EC 3.4.21.75, are major processing enzymes, processing overview
-
-
?
pro-growth hormone-releasing hormone + H2O
growth hormone-releasing hormone + pro-peptide of growth hormone-releasing hormone
-
pro-GHRH, processing, cleavage of C-terminal -RXRXXR-/-, cleavage site specificity determination by substrate mutational analysis, activity with pro-GHRH mutants R8A, R11A, and Q10R, overview
-
-
?
Pro-opiomelanocortin + H2O
?
-
the enzyme together with prohormone convertase 2 represents the major secretory granule processing activity responsible for processing neuroendocrine precursors
-
-
?
Pro-opiomelanocortin + H2O
?
-
the enzyme together with prohormone convertase 2 represents the major secretory granule processing activity responsible for processing neuroendocrine precursors
-
-
?
Pro-opiomelanocortin + H2O
Adrenocorticotropic hormone + beta-lipotropin + beta endorphin
-
-
-
-
?
Pro-opiomelanocortin + H2O
Adrenocorticotropic hormone + beta-lipotropin + beta endorphin
-
-
small amounts of beta-endorphin
?
Pro-opiomelanocortin + H2O
Adrenocorticotropic hormone + beta-lipotropin + beta endorphin
-
-
-
-
?
Pro-opiomelanocortin + H2O
Adrenocorticotropic hormone + beta-lipotropin + beta endorphin
-
-
small amounts of beta-endorphin
?
pro-opiomelanocortin + H2O
bioactive ACTH + ?
-
-
-
?
pro-opiomelanocortin + H2O
bioactive ACTH + ?
-
-
-
?
pro-thyrotropin-releasing hormone + H2O
fragments of pro-thyrotropin-releasing hormone
-
prohormone processing within the regulated secretory pathway of neuroendocrine cells
5 TRH peptide and 7 to 9 other peptides
-
?
pro-thyrotropin-releasing hormone + H2O
fragments of pro-thyrotropin-releasing hormone
-
activity with wild-type and mutant pro-TRH, expressed in murine AtT20 cells, recognized epitopes and moieties in pro-TRH by PC1, overview
5 TRH peptide and 7 to 9 other peptides
-
?
prodynorphin + H2O
dynorphin + ?
-
hydrolyzes peptide bonds with Tyr at position P2
-
-
?
prodynorphin + H2O
dynorphin + ?
-
hydrolyzes peptide bonds with Tyr at position P2
-
-
?
Proenkephalin + H2O
Enkephalin + ?
-
-
-
-
?
Proenkephalin + H2O
Enkephalin + ?
-
-
-
-
?
Proinsulin + H2O
?
-
the enzyme together with prohormone convertase 2 represents the major secretory granule processing activity responsible for processing neuroendocrine precursors
-
-
?
Proinsulin + H2O
?
-
the enzyme together with prohormone convertase 2 represents the major secretory granule processing activity responsible for processing neuroendocrine precursors
-
-
?
Proinsulin + H2O
Insulin + ?
-
-
-
-
?
Proinsulin + H2O
Insulin + ?
-
cleaves at both C peptide junctions to release rat insulin I but generates a larger proportion of intermediate cleaved at the B chain-C peptide junction, indicating a preference for this site
-
-
?
Proinsulin + H2O
Insulin + ?
-
-
-
-
?
Proinsulin + H2O
Insulin + ?
-
cleaves at both C peptide junctions to release rat insulin I but generates a larger proportion of intermediate cleaved at the B chain-C peptide junction, indicating a preference for this site
-
-
?
Prorenin + H2O
Renin + ?
-
-
-
-
?
Prorenin + H2O
Renin + ?
-
-
-
-
?
Prosomatostatin + H2O
Somatostatin + ?
-
-
-
-
?
Prosomatostatin + H2O
Somatostatin + ?
-
-
-
-
?
prothyrotropin-releasing hormone + H2O
thyrotropin-releasing hormone + pro-peptide of thyrotropin-releasing hormone
-
-
-
-
?
prothyrotropin-releasing hormone + H2O
thyrotropin-releasing hormone + pro-peptide of thyrotropin-releasing hormone
-
processing and activation of the inactive prohormone is required for regulation of energy balance via leptin, enzyme regulation, overview
-
-
?
prothyrotropin-releasing hormone + H2O
thyrotropin-releasing hormone + pro-peptide of thyrotropin-releasing hormone
-
processing of the prohormone
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the potential cleavage site delineating the pro-domain, Arg102-Xaa-Lys-Arg, is remarkably conserved among different species and is preceded by two preserved Gln residues located in positions 96 and 97
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
unlike prohormone convertase 2, does not hydrolyze proluteinizing-hormone-releasing-hormone
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
cleaves precursors both at specific single and pairs of basic residues
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
biosynthesis of peptide hormones by processing of larger precursors
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
key enzyme capable of processing a variety of prohormones to their bioactive forms
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the enzyme shows specific binding protein 7B2
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
a congenital deficiency of prohormone convertase 1/3 which cleaves POMC, AgRP, cholecystokinin, proglucagon, glucagon-like peptide-1 and pro-insulin leads to a syndrome characterized by obesity, small intestinal dysfunction, hyperphagia and dysregulation of glucose homeostasis
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
enhanced proprotein convertase 1/3 levels, leading to improved processing of proinsulin and proglucagon, may contribute to the benefits of pioglitazone therapy
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
unlike prohormone convertase 2, does not hydrolyze proluteinizing-hormone-releasing-hormone
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
cleaves precursors both at specific single and pairs of basic residues
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
cleaves polypeptide hormones and many proteins at specific sites
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
constitutive secretory pathway
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
implicated in processing of proproteins in the secretory pathway, synthesized as a zymogen, cleaves his own profragment in the endoplasmic reticulum
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
regulated secretory pathway
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the enzyme is involved in the regulated secretory pathway in neuroendocrine cells
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the enzyme is involved in the regulated secretory pathway in neuroendocrine cells, the enzyme activity is regulated by the PC1-propeptide and by proSAAS CT peptide
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
cleavage site specificity, activity with mutant proglucagon and truncation variants, analysis of importance of substrate domain structure, molecular modeling, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
PC1/3 CT peptide is not cleaved by enzymatically active PC1/3
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
prohormone convertase 1/3 mRNA levels in the arcuate nucleus respond normally to signals of energy availability in wild-type mice but not in N2KO mice
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
constitutive secretory pathway
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
key enzyme capable of processing a variety of prohormones to their bioactive forms
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
regulated secretory pathway
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
constitutive secretory pathway
-
?
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
N222D
-
autocatalytic and neuropeptide processing is impaired
N309K
naturally occuring mutation identified in four siblings presenting with congenital diarrhea and various endocrinopathies. The mutation affects the oxyanion hole transition state-stabilizing amino acid within the active site, which is critical for appropriate proprotein maturation and enzyme activity. The N309K mutant protein exhibits normal, though slowed, prodomain removal and is secreted from both HEK-293 and Neuro-2A cells. The secreted enzyme shows no catalytic activity, and is not processed into the 66 kDa form
S307L
-
naturally occurring mutation (patient homozygous for the mutation). Markedly impairs catalytic activity, intracellular trafficking appears normal. Retains some autocatalytic activity, even though it is completely inactive on other substrates. Patient has obesity and persistent diarrhea, but no history of reactive hypoglycemia. Hyperphagia makes a major contribution to the obesity in this syndrome
S357G
mutant represents a prohormone convertase PC1/3 hypermorph. Mutant protein exhibits a lower calcium dependence, a higher pH optimum, and a higher resistance to peptide inhibitors than the wild-type enzyme. The mutant exhibits increased cleavage to the C-terminally truncated form, and kinetic parameters of the full-length and truncated mutant enzymes are also altered. The S357G mutation broadens the specificity of the enzyme, it displays proprotein convertase 2-like specificity on the substrate proCART, the precursor of the cocaine- and amphetamine regulated transcript neuropeptide. The mutant enzyme possesses unusual processing activity that may significantly change the profile of circulating peptide hormones
D65A
site-directed mutagenesis of the propeptide residue, leads to reduced inhibition of mature PC1 by the separated propeptide mutant compared to the wild-type propeptide
D66A
site-directed mutagenesis of the propeptide residue, leads to reduced inhibition of mature PC1 by the separated propeptide mutant compared to the wild-type propeptide
D67A
site-directed mutagenesis of the propeptide residue, leads to increased inhibition of mature PC1 by the separated propeptide mutant compared to the wild-type propeptide
K61A
site-directed mutagenesis of the propeptide residue, leads to reduced inhibition of mature PC1 by the separated propeptide mutant compared to the wild-type propeptide
N222D
-
leads to obesity, abnormal proinsulin processing, reduced fecundity, impaired autocatalysis and multiple endocrinological defects in mice homozygous for the mutation. Increased energy intake, a more efficient metabolism and reduced alpha-MSH signaling contribute to the obesity. Heterozygous littermates exhibit an intermediate phenotype for both sexes, thus this mutation results in a semi-dominant phenotype
R50A
site-directed mutagenesis of the propeptide residue, leads to increased inhibition of mature PC1 by the separated propeptide mutant compared to the wild-type propeptide
R51A
site-directed mutagenesis of the propeptide residue, leads to increased inhibition of mature PC1 by the separated propeptide mutant compared to the wild-type propeptide
R53A
site-directed mutagenesis of the propeptide residue, leads to reduced inhibition of mature PC1 by the separated propeptide mutant compared to the wild-type propeptide
R54A
site-directed mutagenesis of the propeptide residue, leads to increased inhibition of mature PC1 by the separated propeptide mutant compared to the wild-type propeptide
R62A
site-directed mutagenesis of the propeptide residue, leads to reduced inhibition of mature PC1 by the separated propeptide mutant compared to the wild-type propeptide
S52A
site-directed mutagenesis of the propeptide residue, unaltered inhibition of mature PC1 by the separated propeptide mutant compared to the wild-type propeptide
S52A/R53A
site-directed mutagenesis of the propeptide residues, leads to increased inhibition of mature PC1 by the separated propeptide mutant compared to the wild-type propeptide
N222D
-
leads to obesity, abnormal proinsulin processing, reduced fecundity, impaired autocatalysis and multiple endocrinological defects in mice homozygous for the mutation. Increased energy intake, a more efficient metabolism and reduced alpha-MSH signaling contribute to the obesity. Heterozygous littermates exhibit an intermediate phenotype for both sexes, thus this mutation results in a semi-dominant phenotype
-
additional information
identification of polymorphisms of the PC1 gene in 447 individuals from three breeds. Only the P1, P2, P3, P9, and P10 loci show polymorphisms, and 12 SNPs in the PC1 gene have been identified. The polymorphisms are significantly associated with caprine body height and chest circumference
additional information
-
construction of an PC3 containing a 19 amino-acid transmembrane sequence, and/or a C-terminal glycosylation tag, the C-terminal extension is exposed to the endoplasmic reticulum lumen, overview
additional information
-
construction of PC1 prosegment, amino acids 1-110, fused to the C-terminal PC1 tail, amino acids 619-753, termed proCT construct
additional information
-
generation of chimeric PC1-propeptide/SAAS CT peptide constructs, effects on C-terminal PC1 processing are limited to the construct containing the PC1 propeptide alone when expressed in AtT20 cells, while both the PC1 propeptide and the SAAS CT propeptide are inhibitory on C-terminal PC1 zymogen processing when expressed in HEK293 cells, overview
additional information
-
PC1/3 null mutant mice show C-terminally impaired but not completely blocked proIAPP processing, overview
additional information
-
PC1/3-deficient cells do not show preproGIP processing
additional information
single amino acid substitution in the PC1/3 propeptide can induce significant modifications of its inhibitory profile toward its cognate enzyme
additional information
-
concentration of progastrin in the antrum of PC1/3-null mice is elevated 3fold. Progastrin molecule is only partly cleaved at the dibasic Arg36-Arg37 site and even less at the Lys53-Lys54 site in the PC1/3-null mice
additional information
-
PC1/3DELTA significantly decreases prohormone convertase 1/3 promoter activity by more than 60%. A 50% reduction when both E-boxes are mutated, even though the STAT3 sites remain intact (PC1/3DELTAE12). Mutation of both STAT3 sites (PC1/3DELTAS12) does not affect basal prohormone convertase 1/3 promoter activity, but leptin stimulation is lost. Mutating the E-box furthest from the start site (E-box 1, PC1/3DELTAE1) only has a significant effect on prohormone convertase 1/3 promoter activity under leptin stimulation, whereas mutating the E-box closest to the start site (E-box 2, PC1/3DELTAE2) has a more pronounced effect on luciferase expression with a loss of approximately 50% prohormone convertase 1/3 promoter activity levels in both leptin-stimulated and unstimulated cells
additional information
-
design of prohormone convertase-2-specific mutations into the catalytic domain of PC1/3 in order to investigate the molecular contributions of these sequences to PC1/3-specific properties. The exchange of residues RQG314 with the SY sequence present in the same location within PC2 shifts the pH optimum of PC1/3 upward into the neutral range, other mutations in the catalytic domain had no effect. None of the full-length PC1/3 mutants examined exhibits increased specific activity, but the 66-kDa form of the RQG314SY mutant is 2 to 4 times more active than the 66-kDa form of wild-type PC1/3. Mutation of GIVTDA243248 to QPFMTDI, a molecular determinant of 7B2 binding, results in increased zymogen expression but no propeptide cleavage or secretion, suggesting that this mutant is trapped in the endoplasmic reticulum. None of the mutations examined confers PC2-specific properties. No mutant exhibits altered calcium requirements
additional information
-
carboxyl terminus-truncated PC3 (1-638) containing the transmembrane domain is associated with lipid rafts in Neuro2A cells, while PC3 (1-616) and PC3-deltaTM lacking the transmembrane domain are not. PC3 (1-638) undergoes stimulated secretion and is colocalized with the secretory granule marker, chromogranin A, by immunocytochemistry. In contrast, PC3 (1-616) and PC3-deltaTM are constitutively secreted and primarily localized in the Golgi
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
Steiner, D.F.; Smeekens, S.P.; Ohagi, S.; Chan, S.J.
The new enzymology of precursor processing endoproteases
J. Biol. Chem.
267
23435-23438
1992
Homo sapiens, Mus musculus
brenda
Jean, F.; Basak, A.; DiMaio, J.; Seidah, N.G.; Lazure, C.
An internally quenched fluorogenic substrate of prohormone convertase 1 and furin leads to a potent prohormone convertase inhibitor
Biochem. J.
307
689-695
1995
Homo sapiens
brenda
Smeekens, S.P.; Avruch, A.S.; LaMendola, J.; Chan, S.J.; Steiner, D.F.
Identification of a cDNA encoding a second putative prohormone convertase related to PC2 in AtT20 cells and islets of Langerhans
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA
88
340-344
1991
Mus musculus
brenda
Seidah, N.G.; Chretien, M.
Pro-protein convertases of subtilisin/kexin family
Methods Enzymol.
244
175-188
1994
Homo sapiens, Mus musculus
brenda
Li, Q.L.; Jansen, E.; Brent, G.A.; Friedman, T.C.
Regulation of prohormone convertase 1 (PC1) by thyroid hormone
Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab.
280
E160-170
2001
Homo sapiens, Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Basak, A.; Lazure, C.
Synthetic peptides derived from the prosegments of proprotein convertase 1/3 and furin are potent inhibitors of both enzymes
Biochem. J.
373
231-239
2003
Mus musculus
brenda
Jutras, I.; Seidah, N.G.; Reudelhuber, T.L.; Brechler, V.
Two activation states of the prohormone convertase PC1 in the secretory pathway
J. Biol. Chem.
272
15184-15188
1997
Mus musculus
brenda
Boudreault, A.; Gauthier, D.; Lazure, C.
Proprotein convertase PC1/3-related peptides are potent slow tight-binding inhibitors of murine PC1/3 and Hfurin
J. Biol. Chem.
273
31574-31580
1998
Mus musculus
brenda
Viale, A.; Ortola, C.; Hervieu, G.; Furuta, M.; Barbero, P.; Steiner, D.F.; Seidah, N.G.; Nahon, J.L.
Cellular localization and role of prohormone convertases in the processing of pro-melanin concentrating hormone in mammals
J. Biol. Chem.
274
6536-6545
1999
Mus musculus, Rattus norvegicus, Rattus norvegicus Wistar
brenda
Jutras, I.; Seidah, N.G.; Reudelhuber, T.L.
A predicted alpha-helix mediates targeting of the proprotein convertase PC1 to the regulated secretory pathway
J. Biol. Chem.
275
40337-40343
2000
Mus musculus, Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Basak, A.; Koch, P.; Dupelle, M.; Fricker, L.D.; Devi, L.A.; Chretien, M.; Seidah, N.G.
Inhibitory specificity and potency of proSAAS-derived peptides toward proprotein convertase 1
J. Biol. Chem.
276
32720-32728
2001
Mus musculus
brenda
Li, Q.L.; Jansen, E.; Friedman, T.C.
Regulation of prohormone convertase 1 (PC1) by gp130-related cytokines
Mol. Cell. Endocrinol.
158
143-152
1999
Mus musculus, Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Muller, L.; Lindberg, I.
The cell biology of the prohormone convertases PC1 and PC2
Prog. Nucleic Acid Res. Mol. Biol.
63
69-108
1999
Drosophila sp. (in: flies), Mus musculus, no activity in Caenorhabditis elegans, Rattus norvegicus, no activity in Lymnaea stagnalis
brenda
Boudreault, A.; Gauthier, D.; Rondeau, N.; Savaria, D.; Seidah, N.G.; Chretien, M.; Lazure, C.
Molecular characterization, enzymatic analysis, and purification of murine proprotein convertase-1/3 (PC1/PC3) secreted from recombinant baculovirus-infected insect cells
Protein Expr. Purif.
14
353-366
1998
Mus musculus
brenda
Bonic, A.; Mackin, R.B.
Expression, purification, and PC1-mediated processing of human proglucagon, glicentin, and major proglucagon fragment
Protein Expr. Purif.
28
15-24
2003
Homo sapiens
brenda
Stettler, H.; Suri, G.; Spiess, M.
Proprotein convertase PC3 is not a transmembrane protein
Biochemistry
44
5339-5345
2005
Homo sapiens
brenda
Tzimas, G.N.; Chevet, E.; Jenna, S.; Nguyen, D.T.; Khatib, A.M.; Marcus, V.; Zhang, Y.; Chretien, M.; Seidah, N.; Metrakos, P.
Abnormal expression and processing of the proprotein convertases PC1 and PC2 in human colorectal liver metastases
BMC Cancer
5
149
2005
Homo sapiens
brenda
Marzban, L.; Trigo-Gonzalez, G.; Zhu, X.; Rhodes, C.J.; Halban, P.A.; Steiner, D.F.; Verchere, C.B.
Role of beta-cell prohormone convertase (PC)1/3 in processing of pro-islet amyloid polypeptide
Diabetes
53
141-148
2004
Mus musculus
brenda
Posner, S.F.; Vaslet, C.A.; Jurofcik, M.; Lee, A.; Seidah, N.G.; Nillni, E.A.
Stepwise posttranslational processing of pro-growth hormone-releasing hormone (proGHRH) polypeptide by furin and PC1
Endocrine
23
199-213
2004
Mus musculus
brenda
Dey, A.; Norrbom, C.; Zhu, X.; Stein, J.; Zhang, C.; Ueda, K.; Steiner, D.F.
Furin and prohormone convertase 1/3 are major convertases in the processing of mouse pro-growth hormone-releasing hormone
Endocrinology
145
1961-1971
2004
Mus musculus
brenda
Dey, A.; Lipkind, G.M.; Rouille, Y.; Norrbom, C.; Stein, J.; Zhang, C.; Carroll, R.; Steiner, D.F.
Significance of prohormone convertase 2, PC2, mediated initial cleavage at the proglucagon interdomain site, Lys70-Arg71, to generate glucagon
Endocrinology
146
713-727
2005
Mus musculus
brenda
Salvas, A.; Benjannet, S.; Reudelhuber, T.L.; Chretien, M.; Seidah, N.G.
Evidence for proprotein convertase activity in the endoplasmic reticulum/early Golgi
FEBS Lett.
579
5621-5625
2005
Mus musculus
brenda
Mulcahy, L.R.; Vaslet, C.A.; Nillni, E.A.
Prohormone-convertase 1 processing enhances post-Golgi sorting of prothyrotropin-releasing hormone-derived peptides
J. Biol. Chem.
280
39818-39826
2005
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Ugleholdt, R.; Poulsen, M.L.; Holst, P.J.; Irminger, J.C.; Orskov, C.; Pedersen, J.; Rosenkilde, M.M.; Zhu, X.; Steiner, D.F.; Holst, J.J.
Prohormone convertase 1/3 is essential for processing of the glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide precursor
J. Biol. Chem.
281
11050-11057
2006
Mus musculus
brenda
Rabah, N.; Gauthier, D.; Wilkes, B.C.; Gauthier, D.J.; Lazure, C.
Single amino acid substitution in the PC1/3 propeptide can induce significant modifications of its inhibitory profile toward its cognate enzyme
J. Biol. Chem.
281
7556-7567
2006
Mus musculus (P63239)
brenda
Sanchez, V.C.; Goldstein, J.; Stuart, R.C.; Hovanesian, V.; Huo, L.; Munzberg, H.; Friedman, T.C.; Bjorbaek, C.; Nillni, E.A.
Regulation of hypothalamic prohormone convertases 1 and 2 and effects on processing of prothyrotropin-releasing hormone
J. Clin. Invest.
114
357-369
2004
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Lee, S.N.; Prodhomme, E.; Lindberg, I.
Prohormone convertase 1 (PC1) processing and sorting: effect of PC1 propeptide and proSAAS
J. Endocrinol.
182
353-364
2004
Mus musculus
brenda
Henrich, S.; Lindberg, I.; Bode, W.; Than, M.E.
Proprotein convertase models based on the crystal structures of furin and kexin: explanation of their specificity
J. Mol. Biol.
345
211-227
2004
Homo sapiens
brenda
Shen, X.; Li, Q.L.; Brent, G.A.; Friedman, T.C.
Thyroid hormone regulation of prohormone convertase 1 (PC1): regional expression in rat brain and in vitro characterization of negative thyroid hormone response elements
J. Mol. Endocrinol.
33
21-33
2004
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Tagen, M.B.; Beinfeld, M.C.
Recombinant prohormone convertase 1 and 2 cleave purified pro cholecystokinin (CCK) and a synthetic peptide containing CCK 8 Gly Arg Arg and the carboxyl-terminal flanking peptide
Peptides
26
2530-2535
2005
Mus musculus
brenda
Rabah, N.; Gauthier, D.J.; Gauthier, D.; Lazure, C.
Improved PC1/3 production through recombinant expression in insect cells and larvae
Protein Expr. Purif.
37
377-384
2004
Mus musculus
brenda
Rabah, N.; Gauthier, D.; Dikeakos, J.D.; Reudelhuber, T.L.; Lazure, C.
The C-terminal region of the proprotein convertase 1/3 (PC1/3) exerts a bimodal regulation of the enzyme activity in vitro
FEBS J.
274
3482-3491
2007
Mus musculus
brenda
Billova, S.; Galanopoulou, A.S.; Seidah, N.G.; Qiu, X.; Kumar, U.
Immunohistochemical expression and colocalization of somatostatin, carboxypeptidase-E and prohormone convertases 1 and 2 in rat brain
Neuroscience
147
403-418
2007
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Espinosa, V.P.; Ferrini, M.; Shen, X.; Lutfy, K.; Nillni, E.A.; Friedman, T.C.
Cellular colocalization and coregulation between hypothalamic pro-TRH and prohormone convertases in hypothyroidism
Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab.
292
E175-E186
2007
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Wideman, R.D.; Covey, S.D.; Webb, G.C.; Drucker, D.J.; Kieffer, T.J.
A switch from prohormone convertase (PC)-2 to PC1/3 expression in transplanted alpha-cells is accompanied by differential processing of proglucagon and improved glucose homeostasis in mice
Diabetes
56
2744-2752
2007
Mus musculus
brenda
Lloyd, D.J.; Bohan, S.; Gekakis, N.
Obesity, hyperphagia and increased metabolic efficiency in Pc1 mutant mice
Hum. Mol. Genet.
15
1884-1893
2006
Homo sapiens, Mus musculus, Mus musculus C57BL/6
brenda
Farooqi, I.S.; Volders, K.; Stanhope, R.; Heuschkel, R.; White, A.; Lank, E.; Keogh, J.; ORahilly, S.; Creemers, J.W.
Hyperphagia and early-onset obesity due to a novel homozygous missense mutation in prohormone convertase 1/3
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.
92
3369-3373
2007
Homo sapiens
brenda
Lou, H.; Smith, A.M.; Coates, L.C.; Cawley, N.X.; Loh, Y.P.; Birch, N.P.
The transmembrane domain of the prohormone convertase PC3: a key motif for targeting to the regulated secretory pathway
Mol. Cell. Endocrinol.
267
17-25
2007
Mus musculus, Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Marandi, M.; Mowla, S.J.; Tavallaei, M.; Yaghoobi, M.M.; Jafarnejad, S.M.
Proprotein convertases 1 and 2 (PC1 and PC2) are expressed in neurally differentiated rat bone marrow stromal stem cells (BMSCs)
Neurosci. Lett.
420
198-203
2007
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Rehfeld, J.F.; Zhu, X.; Norrbom, C.; Bundgaard, J.R.; Johnsen, A.H.; Nielsen, J.E.; Vikesaa, J.; Stein, J.; Dey, A.; Steiner, D.F.; Friis-Hansen, L.
Prohormone convertases 1/3 and 2 together orchestrate the site-specific cleavages of progastrin to release gastrin-34 and gastrin-17
Biochem. J.
415
35-43
2008
Mus musculus
brenda
Lankat-Buttgereit, B.; Mueller, S.; Schmidt, H.; Parhofer, K.G.; Gress, T.M.; Goeke, R.
Knockdown of Pdcd4 results in induction of proprotein convertase 1/3 and potent secretion of chromogranin A and secretogranin II in a neuroendocrine cell line
Biol. Cell
100
703-715
2008
Homo sapiens
brenda
Garruti, G.; Cotecchia, S.; Giampetruzzi, F.; Giorgino, F.; Giorgino, R.
Neuroendocrine deregulation of food intake, adipose tissue and the gastrointestinal system in obesity and metabolic syndrome
J. Gastrointestin. Liver Dis.
17
193-198
2008
Homo sapiens
brenda
Fox, D.L.; Good, D.J.
Nescient helix-loop-helix 2 interacts with signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 to regulate transcription of prohormone convertase 1/3
Mol. Endocrinol.
22
1438-1448
2008
Mus musculus
brenda
Espinosa, V.P.; Liu, Y.; Ferrini, M.; Anghel, A.; Nie, Y.; Tripathi, P.V.; Porche, R.; Jansen, E.; Stuart, R.C.; Nillni, E.A.; Lutfy, K.; Friedman, T.C.
Differential regulation of prohormone convertase 1/3, prohormone convertase 2 and phosphorylated cyclic-AMP-response element binding protein by short-term and long-term morphine treatment: implications for understanding the "switch" to opiate addiction
Neuroscience
156
788-799
2008
Homo sapiens, Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Zhou, J.; Cai, Z.H.
Molecular cloning and characterization of prohormone convertase 1 gene in abalone (Haliotis diversicolor supertexta)
Comp. Biochem. Physiol. B
155
331-339
2010
Haliotis diversicolor supertexta
brenda
Sun, J.; Zhang, C.; Fang, X.; Lei, C.; Lan, X.; Chen, H.
Novel single nucleotide polymorphisms of the caprine PC1 gene and association with growth traits
Biochem. Genet.
48
779-788
2010
Capra hircus (D8V3M2)
brenda
Ozawa, A.; Peinado, J.R.; Lindberg, I.
Modulation of prohormone convertase 1/3 properties using site-directed mutagenesis
Endocrinology
151
4437-4445
2010
Mus musculus
brenda
Kilimnik, G.; Kim, A.; Steiner, D.; Friedman, T.; Hara, M.
Intraislet production of GLP-1 by activation of prohormone convertase 1/3 in pancreatic alpha-cells in mouse models of beta-cell regeneration
Islets
2
149-155
2010
Mus musculus
brenda
Zhan, S.; Zhou, A.; Lan, J.; Yang, T.
Proprotein convertase 1 mRNA and protein expression in ischemic rat cortex after reperfusion
Neural Regen. Res.
6
295-299
2011
Rattus norvegicus
-
brenda
Hiramoto, K.; Yamate, Y.; Kobayashi, H.; Ishii, M.; Sato, E.F.; Inoue, M.
Ultraviolet B irradiation of the mouse eye induces pigmentation of the skin more strongly than does stress loading, by increasing the levels of prohormone convertase 2 and alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone
Clin. Exp. Dermatol.
38
71-76
2013
Mus musculus (P63239)
brenda
Ozawa, S.; Katsuta, H.; Suzuki, K.; Takahashi, K.; Tanaka, T.; Sumitani, Y.; Nishida, S.; Yoshimoto, K.; Ishida, H.
Estimated proinsulin processing activity of prohormone convertase (PC) 1/3 rather than PC2 is decreased in pancreatic beta-cells of type 2 diabetic patients
Endocr. J.
61
607-614
2014
Homo sapiens (P29120)
brenda
Blanco, E.H.; Peinado, J.R.; Martin, M.G.; Lindberg, I.
Biochemical and cell biological properties of the human prohormone convertase 1/3 Ser357Gly mutation: a PC1/3 hypermorph
Endocrinology
155
3434-3447
2014
Homo sapiens (P29120)
brenda
Gagnon, H.; Refaie, S.; Gagnon, S.; Desjardins, R.; Salzet, M.; Day, R.
Proprotein convertase 1/3 (PC1/3) in the rat alveolar macrophage cell line NR8383: localization, trafficking and effects on cytokine secretion
PLoS ONE
8
e61557
2013
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Wilschanski, M.; Abbasi, M.; Blanco, E.; Lindberg, I.; Yourshaw, M.; Zangen, D.; Berger, I.; Shteyer, E.; Pappo, O.; Bar-Oz, B.; Martin, M.G.; Elpeleg, O.
A novel familial mutation in the PCSK1 gene that alters the oxyanion hole residue of proprotein convertase 1/3 and impairs its enzymatic activity
PLoS ONE
9
e108878
2014
Homo sapiens (P29120)
brenda
Elferich, J.; Williamson, D.M.; David, L.L.; Shinde, U.
Determination of histidine pKa values in the propeptides of furin and proprotein convertase 1/3 using histidine hydrogen-deuterium exchange mass spectrometry
Anal. Chem.
87
7909-7917
2015
Homo sapiens (P29120)
brenda
Righi, A.; Faustini-Fustini, M.; Morandi, L.; Monti, V.; Asioli, S.; Mazzatenta, D.; Bacci, A.; Foschini, M.P.
The changing faces of corticotroph cell adenomas the role of prohormone convertase 1/3
Endocrine
56
286-297
2017
Homo sapiens (P29120)
brenda
Li, J.; Mao, Z.; Huang, J.; Xia, J.
PICK1 is essential for insulin production and the maintenance of glucose homeostasis
Mol. Biol. Cell
29
587-596
2018
Mus musculus
brenda
Duhamel, M.; Rodet, F.; Murgoci, A.N.; Desjardins, R.; Gagnon, H.; Wisztorski, M.; Fournier, I.; Day, R.; Salzet, M.
The proprotein convertase PC1/3 regulates TLR9 trafficking and the associated signaling pathways
Sci. Rep.
6
19360
2016
Mus musculus
brenda