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Information on EC 3.2.1.194 - ginsenosidase type IV
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3.2.1.194 ginsenosidase type IVIUBMB Comments
Ginsenosidase type IV catalyses the sequential hydrolysis of the 6-O-beta-D-(1->2)-glycosidic bond or the 6-O-alpha-D-(1->2)-glycosidic bond in protopanaxatriol-type ginsenosides with a disacchride attached to the C6 position, followed by the hydrolysis of the remaining 6-O-beta-D-glycosidic bond (e.g. ginsenoside Re -> ginsenoside Rg1 -> ginsenoside F1).
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The expected taxonomic range for this enzyme is: Eukaryota, Bacteria, Archaea
Reaction Schemes
+
2
=
+
+
a protopanaxatriol-type ginsenoside with two glycosyl residues at position 6
+
2
=
+
+
Synonyms
ginsenosidase type iv, ginsenoside-transforming beta-glucosidase, 
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SYNONYM 
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY 
LITERATURE
beta-glucosidase
beta-glycosidase
bgp1C
ginsenosidase type IV-i-1
ginsenosidase type IV-i-2
ginsenosidase type IV-i-3
ginsenosidase type IV-ii
additional information
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REACTION
REACTION DIAGRAM
COMMENTARY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
a protopanaxatriol-type ginsenoside with a single glucosyl at position 6 + H2O = a protopanaxatriol-type ginsenoside with no glycosidic modification at position 6 + D-glucopyranose
(1b)
-
-
-
a protopanaxatriol-type ginsenoside with two glycosyl residues at position 6 + 2 H2O = a protopanaxatriol-type ginsenoside with no glycosidic modification at position 6 + D-glucopyranose + a monosaccharide
a protopanaxatriol-type ginsenoside with two glycosyl residues at position 6 + H2O = a protopanaxatriol-type ginsenoside with a single glucosyl at position 6 + a monosaccharide
(1a)
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-
-
a protopanaxatriol-type ginsenoside with two glycosyl residues at position 6 + 2 H2O = a protopanaxatriol-type ginsenoside with no glycosidic modification at position 6 + D-glucopyranose + a monosaccharide
overall reaction
-
a protopanaxatriol-type ginsenoside with two glycosyl residues at position 6 + 2 H2O = a protopanaxatriol-type ginsenoside with no glycosidic modification at position 6 + D-glucopyranose + a monosaccharide
overall reaction
-
-
a protopanaxatriol-type ginsenoside with two glycosyl residues at position 6 + 2 H2O = a protopanaxatriol-type ginsenoside with no glycosidic modification at position 6 + D-glucopyranose + a monosaccharide
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-
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PATHWAY SOURCE
PATHWAYS
BRENDA
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SYSTEMATIC NAME
IUBMB Comments
protopanaxatriol-type ginsenoside 6-beta-D-glucohydrolase
Ginsenosidase type IV catalyses the sequential hydrolysis of the 6-O-beta-D-(1->2)-glycosidic bond or the 6-O-alpha-D-(1->2)-glycosidic bond in protopanaxatriol-type ginsenosides with a disacchride attached to the C6 position, followed by the hydrolysis of the remaining 6-O-beta-D-glycosidic bond (e.g. ginsenoside Re -> ginsenoside Rg1 -> ginsenoside F1).
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SUBSTRATE
PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
2-nitrophenyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside + H2O
2-nitrophenol + beta-D-glucopyranose
-
-
-
-
?
4-nitrophenyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside + H2O
4-nitrophenol + beta-D-glucopyranose
-
-
-
-
?
ginsenoside Rg2 + 2 H2O
protopanaxatriol + D-glucose + L-rhamnose
-
-
-
-
?
ginsenoside Rh1 + H2O
protopanaxatriol aglycone + D-glucose
-
-
-
-
?
ginsenoside F1 + H2O
protopanaxatriol + D-glucose
-
-
-
?
ginsenoside R1 + H2O
ginsenoside Rg1 + D-xylose
-
the enzyme hydrolyzes the 6-O-D-(1->2)-xyloside
-
-
?
ginsenoside R1 + H2O
ginsenoside Rg1 + D-xylose
-
the enzyme hydrolyzes the 6-O-L-D-(1->2)-xyloside
-
-
?
ginsenoside R1 + H2O
ginsenoside Rg1 + D-xylose
-
the enzyme hydrolyzes the 6-O-D-(1->2)-xyloside
-
-
?
ginsenoside R1 + H2O
ginsenoside Rg1 + D-xylose
-
the enzyme hydrolyzes the 6-O-L-D-(1->2)-xyloside
-
-
?
ginsenoside Rb1 + H2O
ginsenoside Rg3 + 2 D-glucose
cf. EC 3.2.1.192
-
-
?
ginsenoside Rb1 + H2O
ginsenoside Rg3 + 2 D-glucose
reaction of EC 3.2.1.192
-
-
?
ginsenoside Rd + H2O
ginsenoside Rg3 + D-glucose
cf. EC 3.2.1.192
-
-
?
ginsenoside Rd + H2O
ginsenoside Rg3 + D-glucose
reaction of EC 3.2.1.192
-
-
?
ginsenoside Re + H2O
ginsenoside Rg1 + L-rhamnose
-
the enzyme hydrolyzes the 6-O-alpha-L-(1->2)-rhamnoside
-
-
?
ginsenoside Re + H2O
ginsenoside Rg1 + L-rhamnose
-
the enzyme hydrolyzes the 6-O-alpha-L-(1->2)-rhamnoside
-
-
?
ginsenoside Re + H2O
ginsenoside Rg2 + L-rhamnose
-
-
-
?
ginsenoside Rf + H2O
ginsenoside Rh1 + D-glucose
-
the enzyme hydrolyzes 6-O-beta-D-(1->2)-glucoside
-
-
?
ginsenoside Rf + H2O
ginsenoside Rh1 + D-glucose
-
the enzyme hydrolyzes 6-O-beta-D-(1->2)-glucoside
-
-
?
ginsenoside Rf + H2O
ginsenoside Rh1 + D-glucose
-
-
-
-
?
ginsenoside Rg1 + H2O
ginsenoside F1 + D-glucose
-
the enzyme weakly hydrolyzes 6-O-beta-D-glucoside
-
-
?
ginsenoside Rg1 + H2O
ginsenoside F1 + D-glucose
-
the enzyme weakly hydrolyzes 6-O-beta-D-glucoside
-
-
?
ginsenoside Rg1 + H2O
ginsenoside Rh1 + D-glucose
-
-
-
?
ginsenoside Rg2 + H2O
ginsenoside Rh1 + L-rhamnose
-
the enzyme hydrolyzes 6-O-alpha-L-(1->2)-rhamnoside
-
-
?
ginsenoside Rg2 + H2O
ginsenoside Rh1 + L-rhamnose
-
-
-
-
?
ginsenoside Rh1 + H2O
protopanaxatriol + D-glucose
-
the enzyme weakly hydrolyzes 6-O-beta-D-glucoside
-
-
?
notoginsenoside R1 + H2O
ginsenoside Rg1 + D-xylose
-
-
-
-
?
notoginsenoside R1 + H2O
notoginsenoside R2 + D-glucose
-
-
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
ginsenosidase type IV hydrolyzes the sugars linked to C-6 in the PPT-type ginsenosides. Ginsenosidase type IV enzymes are subdivided into types IV-i-1, IV-i-2, IV-i-3, and IV-ii. Ginsenosidase type IV-i-2 enzymes convert ginsenosides Re and Rg2 to ginsenosides Rg1 and Rh1, respectively, by hydrolyzing only the outer rhamnose linked to C-6 in the PPT-type ginsenosides with the hydrolysis pattern of E-2
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-
?
additional information
?
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-
ginsenosidase type IV hydrolyzes the sugars linked to C-6 in the PPT-type ginsenosides. Ginsenosidase type IV enzymes are subdivided into types IV-i-1, IV-i-2, IV-i-3, and IV-ii. Ginsenosidase type IV-i-1 enzymes convert ginsenoside Rf to Rh1 by the hydrolysis of only the outer glucose linked to C-20 and not the inner glucose linked to C-6 in the PPT-type ginsenosides with the hydrolysis pattern of E-1. This conversion has been conducted by beta-glycosidase from Aspergillus niger
-
-
?
additional information
?
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ginsenosidase type IV can not hydrolyze the 3-O- or 20-O-glycosides of protopanaxadiol type ginsenosides (PPD), such as Rb1, Rb2, Rb3, Rc, and Rd
-
-
?
additional information
?
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-
the ginsenosidase type IV can hydrolyze 6-O-multiglycosides including rhamnoside, xyloside and glucoside of protopanaxatriol (PPT) type ginsenosides, but cannot hydrolyze the glycosides of protopanaxadiol (PPD) type ginsenoside
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
ginsenosidase type IV hydrolyzes the sugars linked to C-6 in the PPT-type ginsenosides. Ginsenosidase type IV enzymes are subdivided into types IV-i-1, IV-i-2, IV-i-3, and IV-ii. Ginsenosidase type IV-ii enzymes convert ginsenosides Rg1 and Rh1, containing only the inner glucose without the outer sugar at C-6, are converted to ginsenosides F1 and aglycone protopanaxatriol (APPT), respectively, by hydrolyzing the inner glucose linked to C-6 but not the glucose linked to C-20 in the PPT-type ginsenosides with the hydrolysis pattern of F. Ginsenosidase type IV-ii enzymes also hydrolyze the outer glucose of ginsenoside Rf, which has the outer and inner glucose at C-6 with the hydrolysis pattern of E-1; the outer rhamnose of ginsenosides Re and Rg2, which have the outer rhamnose and inner glucose at C-6 with the hydrolysis attern of E-2, and the outer xylose of notoginsenosides R1 and R2, which contain the outer xylose and inner glucose at C-6 with the hydrolysis pattern of E-3
-
-
?
additional information
?
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ginsenosidase type IV can not hydrolyze the 3-O- or 20-O-glycosides of protopanaxadiol type ginsenosides (PPD), such as Rb1, Rb2, Rb3, Rc, and Rd
-
-
?
additional information
?
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the ginsenosidase type IV can hydrolyze 6-O-multiglycosides including rhamnoside, xyloside and glucoside of protopanaxatriol (PPT) type ginsenosides, but cannot hydrolyze the glycosides of protopanaxadiol (PPD) type ginsenoside
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?
additional information
?
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the specific activity of beta-glucosidase from Clavibacter michiganensis for the PPD-type ginsenosides as substrates followed the order Rb2 > Rd > Rc > Rg3 > Rb1 > compound O (C-O) > compound Mc1 (C-Mc1) > GypXVII > F2 > Rh2 > gypenside LXXV (GypLXXV) and the products of which are C-O, F2, C-Mc1, Rh2, GypXVII, compound Y (C-Y), compound Mc (C-Mc), GypLXXV, compound K (C-K), APPD, and C-K, respectively. The specific activity of beta-glucosidase from Clavibacter michiganensis for the PPT-type ginsenosides as substrates followed the order Rf > Rh1 > Rg1 and the products of which are Rh1, APPT, and F1, respectively
-
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?
additional information
?
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recombinant beta-glucosidase from Clavibacter michiganensis specifically hydrolyzes the outer and inner glucose linked to the C-3 position in protopanaxadiol (PPD)-type ginsenosides (EC 3.2.1.191) and the C-6 position in protopanaxatriol (PPT)-type ginsenosides (EC 3.2.1.194) except for the hydrolysis of gypenoside LXXV (GypLXXV). The enzyme converts gypenoside XVII (GypXVII) to GypLXXV by hydrolyzing the inner glucose linked to the C-3 position
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the specific activity of beta-glucosidase from Clavibacter michiganensis for the PPD-type ginsenosides as substrates followed the order Rb2 > Rd > Rc > Rg3 > Rb1 > compound O (C-O) > compound Mc1 (C-Mc1) > GypXVII > F2 > Rh2 > gypenside LXXV (GypLXXV) and the products of which are C-O, F2, C-Mc1, Rh2, GypXVII, compound Y (C-Y), compound Mc (C-Mc), GypLXXV, compound K (C-K), APPD, and C-K, respectively. The specific activity of beta-glucosidase from Clavibacter michiganensis for the PPT-type ginsenosides as substrates followed the order Rf > Rh1 > Rg1 and the products of which are Rh1, APPT, and F1, respectively
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
recombinant beta-glucosidase from Clavibacter michiganensis specifically hydrolyzes the outer and inner glucose linked to the C-3 position in protopanaxadiol (PPD)-type ginsenosides (EC 3.2.1.191) and the C-6 position in protopanaxatriol (PPT)-type ginsenosides (EC 3.2.1.194) except for the hydrolysis of gypenoside LXXV (GypLXXV). The enzyme converts gypenoside XVII (GypXVII) to GypLXXV by hydrolyzing the inner glucose linked to the C-3 position
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
ginsenosidase type IV hydrolyzes the sugars linked to C-6 in the PPT-type ginsenosides. Ginsenosidase type IV enzymes are subdivided into types IV-i-1, IV-i-2, IV-i-3, and IV-ii. Ginsenosidase type IV-i-3 enzymes convert notoginsenosides R1 and R2 to ginsenosides Rg1 and Rh1, respectively, with the hydrolysis pattern of E-3 through the hydrolysis of the outer xylose linked to C-6 without further hydrolysis in the PPT-type ginsenosides
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
substrate specificity of beta-glucosidase from Gordonia terrae for ginsenosides, overview. The purified recombinant enzyme specifically hydrolyzes the glucopyranosides at the C-20 position in protopanaxadiol (PPD)-type ginsenosides and hydrolyzes the glucopyranoside at the C-6 or C-20 position in protopanaxatriol (PPT)-type ginsenosides. The enzyme is a beta-glucosidase with xylopyranoside-hydrolyzing activity that is active with 4-nitrophenyl-beta-D-xylopyranoside and 2-nitrophenyl-beta-D-xylopyranoside. The specific activity for PPD-type ginsenosides as substrates is in the order gypenoside XVII > gypenoside LXXV > Rb1 > F2 > compound K > Rd, and the products are F2, compound K, Rd, Rh2, APPD, and Rg3, respectively. The specific activity for PPT-type ginsenosides as substrates follows the order F1 > Re > Rg1 > notoginsenoside R1 > Rh1 and the products of which are APPT, Rg2, Rh1, notoginsenoside R2, and APPT, respectively. No activity with ginsenosides Rb2, Rc, Compound Mc, Compound Mc-1, Compound O, and Compound Y, as well as with notoginsenoside R2 and ginsenoside Rg2. No activity is found for 4-nitrophenyl-alpha-D-glucopyranoside, 4-nitrophenyl-beta-D-galactopyranoside, 4-nitrophenyl-alpha-D-galactopyranoside, 4-nitrophenyl-alpha-L-arabinofuranose, 4-nitrophenyl-alpha-L-arabinopyranose, or 4-nitrophenyl-alpha-L-rhamnopyranoside
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
substrate specificity of beta-glucosidase from Gordonia terrae for ginsenosides, overview. The purified recombinant enzyme specifically hydrolyzes the glucopyranosides at the C-20 position in protopanaxadiol (PPD)-type ginsenosides and hydrolyzes the glucopyranoside at the C-6 or C-20 position in protopanaxatriol (PPT)-type ginsenosides. The enzyme is a beta-glucosidase with xylopyranoside-hydrolyzing activity that is active with 4-nitrophenyl-beta-D-xylopyranoside and 2-nitrophenyl-beta-D-xylopyranoside. The specific activity for PPD-type ginsenosides as substrates is in the order gypenoside XVII > gypenoside LXXV > Rb1 > F2 > compound K > Rd, and the products are F2, compound K, Rd, Rh2, APPD, and Rg3, respectively. The specific activity for PPT-type ginsenosides as substrates follows the order F1 > Re > Rg1 > notoginsenoside R1 > Rh1 and the products of which are APPT, Rg2, Rh1, notoginsenoside R2, and APPT, respectively. No activity with ginsenosides Rb2, Rc, Compound Mc, Compound Mc-1, Compound O, and Compound Y, as well as with notoginsenoside R2 and ginsenoside Rg2. No activity is found for 4-nitrophenyl-alpha-D-glucopyranoside, 4-nitrophenyl-beta-D-galactopyranoside, 4-nitrophenyl-alpha-D-galactopyranoside, 4-nitrophenyl-alpha-L-arabinofuranose, 4-nitrophenyl-alpha-L-arabinopyranose, or 4-nitrophenyl-alpha-L-rhamnopyranoside
-
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?
additional information
?
-
-
substrate specificity of beta-glucosidase from Gordonia terrae for ginsenosides, overview. The purified recombinant enzyme specifically hydrolyzes the glucopyranosides at the C-20 position in protopanaxadiol (PPD)-type ginsenosides and hydrolyzes the glucopyranoside at the C-6 or C-20 position in protopanaxatriol (PPT)-type ginsenosides. The enzyme is a beta-glucosidase with xylopyranoside-hydrolyzing activity that is active with 4-nitrophenyl-beta-D-xylopyranoside and 2-nitrophenyl-beta-D-xylopyranoside. The specific activity for PPD-type ginsenosides as substrates is in the order gypenoside XVII > gypenoside LXXV > Rb1 > F2 > compound K > Rd, and the products are F2, compound K, Rd, Rh2, APPD, and Rg3, respectively. The specific activity for PPT-type ginsenosides as substrates follows the order F1 > Re > Rg1 > notoginsenoside R1 > Rh1 and the products of which are APPT, Rg2, Rh1, notoginsenoside R2, and APPT, respectively. No activity with ginsenosides Rb2, Rc, Compound Mc, Compound Mc-1, Compound O, and Compound Y, as well as with notoginsenoside R2 and ginsenoside Rg2. No activity is found for 4-nitrophenyl-alpha-D-glucopyranoside, 4-nitrophenyl-beta-D-galactopyranoside, 4-nitrophenyl-alpha-D-galactopyranoside, 4-nitrophenyl-alpha-L-arabinofuranose, 4-nitrophenyl-alpha-L-arabinopyranose, or 4-nitrophenyl-alpha-L-rhamnopyranoside
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
the recombinant beta-glucosidase enzyme (bgp1) hydrolyzes all glucose moieties attached to the C-20 position of the ginsenosides Rg1, Re, Rb1, Rd, and F1. The products include pharmacologically active minor ginsenosides Rh1, Rg2, Rg3, F1, and protopanaxatriol. TLC and HPLC analysis of ginsenoside transformation by enzyme bgp1, overview
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?
additional information
?
-
enzyme can hydrolyze various ginsenosides, i.e. Rb1, Rb2, Rc, Rd, Rg3(S), F2, Re, Rg1, GypXVII, through various cleavage pathways, substrate specificity, overview. BglG167b cannot hydrolyze the attached sugars at C-6, but glucose moieties at C-3
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?
additional information
?
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-
ginsenosidase type IV hydrolyzes the sugars linked to C-6 in the PPT-type ginsenosides. Ginsenosidase type IV enzymes are subdivided into types IV-i-1, IV-i-2, IV-i-3, and IV-ii. Ginsenosidase type IV-i-3 enzymes convert notoginsenosides R1 and R2 to ginsenosides Rg1 and Rh1, respectively, with the hydrolysis pattern of E-3 through the hydrolysis of the outer xylose linked to C-6 without further hydrolysis in the PPT-type ginsenosides
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
ginsenosidase type IV hydrolyzes the sugars linked to C-6 in the PPT-type ginsenosides. Ginsenosidase type IV enzymes are subdivided into types IV-i-1, IV-i-2, IV-i-3, and IV-ii. Ginsenosidase type IV-i-3 enzymes convert notoginsenosides R1 and R2 to ginsenosides Rg1 and Rh1, respectively, with the hydrolysis pattern of E-3 through the hydrolysis of the outer xylose linked to C-6 without further hydrolysis in the PPT-type ginsenosides
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
ginsenosidase type IV hydrolyzes the sugars linked to C-6 in the PPT-type ginsenosides. Ginsenosidase type IV enzymes are subdivided into types IV-i-1, IV-i-2, IV-i-3, and IV-ii. Ginsenosidase type IV-i-1 enzymes convert ginsenoside Rf to Rh1 by the hydrolysis of only the outer glucose linked to C-20 and not the inner glucose linked to C-6 in the PPT-type ginsenosides with the hydrolysis pattern of E-1
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
ginsenosidase type IV hydrolyzes the sugars linked to C-6 in the PPT-type ginsenosides. Ginsenosidase type IV enzymes are subdivided into types IV-i-1, IV-i-2, IV-i-3, and IV-ii. Ginsenosidase type IV-i-2 enzymes convert ginsenosides Re and Rg2 to ginsenosides Rg1 and Rh1, respectively, by hydrolyzing only the outer rhamnose linked to C-6 in the PPT-type ginsenosides with the hydrolysis pattern of E-2. This conversion was performed using b-glycosidase from Pyrococcus furiosus
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
ginsenosidase type IV hydrolyzes the sugars linked to C-6 in the PPT-type ginsenosides. Ginsenosidase type IV enzymes are subdivided into types IV-i-1, IV-i-2, IV-i-3, and IV-ii. Ginsenosidase type IV-i-3 enzymes convert notoginsenosides R1 and R2 to ginsenosides Rg1 and Rh1, respectively, with the hydrolysis pattern of E-3 through the hydrolysis of the outer xylose linked to C-6 without further hydrolysis in the PPT-type ginsenosides
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
ginsenosidase type IV hydrolyzes the sugars linked to C-6 in the PPT-type ginsenosides. Ginsenosidase type IV enzymes are subdivided into types IV-i-1, IV-i-2, IV-i-3, and IV-ii. Ginsenosidase type IV-i-1 enzymes convert ginsenoside Rf to Rh1 by the hydrolysis of only the outer glucose linked to C-20 and not the inner glucose linked to C-6 in the PPT-type ginsenosides with the hydrolysis pattern of E-1. This conversion has been conducted by beta-glycosidase from Pyrococcus furiosus
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
ginsenosidase type IV hydrolyzes the sugars linked to C-6 in the PPT-type ginsenosides. Ginsenosidase type IV enzymes are subdivided into types IV-i-1, IV-i-2, IV-i-3, and IV-ii. Ginsenosidase type IV-i-2 enzymes convert ginsenosides Re and Rg2 to ginsenosides Rg1 and Rh1, respectively, by hydrolyzing only the outer rhamnose linked to C-6 in the PPT-type ginsenosides with the hydrolysis pattern of E-2. This conversion is performed using beta-glycosidase from Pyrococcus furiosus
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
ginsenosidase type IV hydrolyzes the sugars linked to C-6 in the PPT-type ginsenosides. Ginsenosidase type IV enzymes are subdivided into types IV-i-1, IV-i-2, IV-i-3, and IV-ii. Ginsenosidase type IV-i-3 enzymes convert notoginsenosides R1 and R2 to ginsenosides Rg1 and Rh1, respectively, with the hydrolysis pattern of E-3 through the hydrolysis of the outer xylose linked to C-6 without further hydrolysis in the PPT-type ginsenosides. beta-Gglycosidase from Pyrococcus furiosus shows broad substrate specificity that hydrolyzes the outer residue glucose and rhamnose and xylose at C-6
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
ginsenosidase type IV hydrolyzes the sugars linked to C-6 in the PPT-type ginsenosides. Ginsenosidase type IV enzymes are subdivided into types IV-i-1, IV-i-2, IV-i-3, and IV-ii. Ginsenosidase type IV-i-3 enzymes convert notoginsenosides R1 and R2 to ginsenosides Rg1 and Rh1, respectively, with the hydrolysis pattern of E-3 through the hydrolysis of the outer xylose linked to C-6 without further hydrolysis in the PPT-type ginsenosides
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
ginsenosidase type IV hydrolyzes the sugars linked to C-6 in the PPT-type ginsenosides. Ginsenosidase type IV enzymes are subdivided into types IV-i-1, IV-i-2, IV-i-3, and IV-ii. Ginsenosidase type IV-i-3 enzymes convert notoginsenosides R1 and R2 to ginsenosides Rg1 and Rh1, respectively, with the hydrolysis pattern of E-3 through the hydrolysis of the outer xylose linked to C-6 without further hydrolysis in the PPT-type ginsenosides
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
ginsenosidase type IV hydrolyzes the sugars linked to C-6 in the PPT-type ginsenosides. Ginsenosidase type IV enzymes are subdivided into types IV-i-1, IV-i-2, IV-i-3, and IV-ii. Ginsenosidase type IV-i-3 enzymes convert notoginsenosides R1 and R2 to ginsenosides Rg1 and Rh1, respectively, with the hydrolysis pattern of E-3 through the hydrolysis of the outer xylose linked to C-6 without further hydrolysis in the PPT-type ginsenosides. beta-Xylosidase from Thermoanaerobacterium thermosaccharolyticum converts notoginsenosides R1 and R2 to ginsenosides Rg1 and Rh1 by selectively hydrolyzing only the outer xylose at C-6
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-
?
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
NATURAL SUBSTRATE
NATURAL PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
REVERSIBILITY
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
ginsenoside Rb1 + H2O
ginsenoside Rg3 + 2 D-glucose
cf. EC 3.2.1.192
-
-
?
ginsenoside Rd + H2O
ginsenoside Rg3 + D-glucose
cf. EC 3.2.1.192
-
-
?
ginsenoside Rg2 + 2 H2O
protopanaxatriol + D-glucose + L-rhamnose
-
-
-
-
?
ginsenoside Rh1 + H2O
protopanaxatriol aglycone + D-glucose
-
-
-
-
?
ginsenoside F1 + H2O
protopanaxatriol + D-glucose
-
-
-
?
ginsenoside Re + H2O
ginsenoside Rg2 + L-rhamnose
-
-
-
?
ginsenoside Rf + H2O
ginsenoside Rh1 + D-glucose
-
-
-
-
?
ginsenoside Rg1 + H2O
ginsenoside Rh1 + D-glucose
-
-
-
?
ginsenoside Rg2 + H2O
ginsenoside Rh1 + L-rhamnose
-
-
-
-
?
notoginsenoside R1 + H2O
ginsenoside Rg1 + D-xylose
-
-
-
-
?
notoginsenoside R1 + H2O
notoginsenoside R2 + D-glucose
-
-
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
ginsenosidase type IV hydrolyzes the sugars linked to C-6 in the PPT-type ginsenosides. Ginsenosidase type IV enzymes are subdivided into types IV-i-1, IV-i-2, IV-i-3, and IV-ii. Ginsenosidase type IV-i-2 enzymes convert ginsenosides Re and Rg2 to ginsenosides Rg1 and Rh1, respectively, by hydrolyzing only the outer rhamnose linked to C-6 in the PPT-type ginsenosides with the hydrolysis pattern of E-2
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
ginsenosidase type IV hydrolyzes the sugars linked to C-6 in the PPT-type ginsenosides. Ginsenosidase type IV enzymes are subdivided into types IV-i-1, IV-i-2, IV-i-3, and IV-ii. Ginsenosidase type IV-i-1 enzymes convert ginsenoside Rf to Rh1 by the hydrolysis of only the outer glucose linked to C-20 and not the inner glucose linked to C-6 in the PPT-type ginsenosides with the hydrolysis pattern of E-1. This conversion has been conducted by beta-glycosidase from Aspergillus niger
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
ginsenosidase type IV hydrolyzes the sugars linked to C-6 in the PPT-type ginsenosides. Ginsenosidase type IV enzymes are subdivided into types IV-i-1, IV-i-2, IV-i-3, and IV-ii. Ginsenosidase type IV-ii enzymes convert ginsenosides Rg1 and Rh1, containing only the inner glucose without the outer sugar at C-6, are converted to ginsenosides F1 and aglycone protopanaxatriol (APPT), respectively, by hydrolyzing the inner glucose linked to C-6 but not the glucose linked to C-20 in the PPT-type ginsenosides with the hydrolysis pattern of F. Ginsenosidase type IV-ii enzymes also hydrolyze the outer glucose of ginsenoside Rf, which has the outer and inner glucose at C-6 with the hydrolysis pattern of E-1; the outer rhamnose of ginsenosides Re and Rg2, which have the outer rhamnose and inner glucose at C-6 with the hydrolysis attern of E-2, and the outer xylose of notoginsenosides R1 and R2, which contain the outer xylose and inner glucose at C-6 with the hydrolysis pattern of E-3
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the specific activity of beta-glucosidase from Clavibacter michiganensis for the PPD-type ginsenosides as substrates followed the order Rb2 > Rd > Rc > Rg3 > Rb1 > compound O (C-O) > compound Mc1 (C-Mc1) > GypXVII > F2 > Rh2 > gypenside LXXV (GypLXXV) and the products of which are C-O, F2, C-Mc1, Rh2, GypXVII, compound Y (C-Y), compound Mc (C-Mc), GypLXXV, compound K (C-K), APPD, and C-K, respectively. The specific activity of beta-glucosidase from Clavibacter michiganensis for the PPT-type ginsenosides as substrates followed the order Rf > Rh1 > Rg1 and the products of which are Rh1, APPT, and F1, respectively
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the specific activity of beta-glucosidase from Clavibacter michiganensis for the PPD-type ginsenosides as substrates followed the order Rb2 > Rd > Rc > Rg3 > Rb1 > compound O (C-O) > compound Mc1 (C-Mc1) > GypXVII > F2 > Rh2 > gypenside LXXV (GypLXXV) and the products of which are C-O, F2, C-Mc1, Rh2, GypXVII, compound Y (C-Y), compound Mc (C-Mc), GypLXXV, compound K (C-K), APPD, and C-K, respectively. The specific activity of beta-glucosidase from Clavibacter michiganensis for the PPT-type ginsenosides as substrates followed the order Rf > Rh1 > Rg1 and the products of which are Rh1, APPT, and F1, respectively
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
ginsenosidase type IV hydrolyzes the sugars linked to C-6 in the PPT-type ginsenosides. Ginsenosidase type IV enzymes are subdivided into types IV-i-1, IV-i-2, IV-i-3, and IV-ii. Ginsenosidase type IV-i-3 enzymes convert notoginsenosides R1 and R2 to ginsenosides Rg1 and Rh1, respectively, with the hydrolysis pattern of E-3 through the hydrolysis of the outer xylose linked to C-6 without further hydrolysis in the PPT-type ginsenosides
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
ginsenosidase type IV hydrolyzes the sugars linked to C-6 in the PPT-type ginsenosides. Ginsenosidase type IV enzymes are subdivided into types IV-i-1, IV-i-2, IV-i-3, and IV-ii. Ginsenosidase type IV-i-3 enzymes convert notoginsenosides R1 and R2 to ginsenosides Rg1 and Rh1, respectively, with the hydrolysis pattern of E-3 through the hydrolysis of the outer xylose linked to C-6 without further hydrolysis in the PPT-type ginsenosides
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
ginsenosidase type IV hydrolyzes the sugars linked to C-6 in the PPT-type ginsenosides. Ginsenosidase type IV enzymes are subdivided into types IV-i-1, IV-i-2, IV-i-3, and IV-ii. Ginsenosidase type IV-i-3 enzymes convert notoginsenosides R1 and R2 to ginsenosides Rg1 and Rh1, respectively, with the hydrolysis pattern of E-3 through the hydrolysis of the outer xylose linked to C-6 without further hydrolysis in the PPT-type ginsenosides
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
ginsenosidase type IV hydrolyzes the sugars linked to C-6 in the PPT-type ginsenosides. Ginsenosidase type IV enzymes are subdivided into types IV-i-1, IV-i-2, IV-i-3, and IV-ii. Ginsenosidase type IV-i-1 enzymes convert ginsenoside Rf to Rh1 by the hydrolysis of only the outer glucose linked to C-20 and not the inner glucose linked to C-6 in the PPT-type ginsenosides with the hydrolysis pattern of E-1
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
ginsenosidase type IV hydrolyzes the sugars linked to C-6 in the PPT-type ginsenosides. Ginsenosidase type IV enzymes are subdivided into types IV-i-1, IV-i-2, IV-i-3, and IV-ii. Ginsenosidase type IV-i-2 enzymes convert ginsenosides Re and Rg2 to ginsenosides Rg1 and Rh1, respectively, by hydrolyzing only the outer rhamnose linked to C-6 in the PPT-type ginsenosides with the hydrolysis pattern of E-2. This conversion was performed using b-glycosidase from Pyrococcus furiosus
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
ginsenosidase type IV hydrolyzes the sugars linked to C-6 in the PPT-type ginsenosides. Ginsenosidase type IV enzymes are subdivided into types IV-i-1, IV-i-2, IV-i-3, and IV-ii. Ginsenosidase type IV-i-3 enzymes convert notoginsenosides R1 and R2 to ginsenosides Rg1 and Rh1, respectively, with the hydrolysis pattern of E-3 through the hydrolysis of the outer xylose linked to C-6 without further hydrolysis in the PPT-type ginsenosides
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
ginsenosidase type IV hydrolyzes the sugars linked to C-6 in the PPT-type ginsenosides. Ginsenosidase type IV enzymes are subdivided into types IV-i-1, IV-i-2, IV-i-3, and IV-ii. Ginsenosidase type IV-i-3 enzymes convert notoginsenosides R1 and R2 to ginsenosides Rg1 and Rh1, respectively, with the hydrolysis pattern of E-3 through the hydrolysis of the outer xylose linked to C-6 without further hydrolysis in the PPT-type ginsenosides
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
ginsenosidase type IV hydrolyzes the sugars linked to C-6 in the PPT-type ginsenosides. Ginsenosidase type IV enzymes are subdivided into types IV-i-1, IV-i-2, IV-i-3, and IV-ii. Ginsenosidase type IV-i-3 enzymes convert notoginsenosides R1 and R2 to ginsenosides Rg1 and Rh1, respectively, with the hydrolysis pattern of E-3 through the hydrolysis of the outer xylose linked to C-6 without further hydrolysis in the PPT-type ginsenosides
-
-
?
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METALS and IONS
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
additional information
the enzyme activity is not affected by Na+, K+, Mg2+, and Mn2+
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INHIBITOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
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KM VALUE [mM]
SUBSTRATE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
14.66
4-nitrophenyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside
-
recombinant enzyme, pH 6.5, 30°C
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TURNOVER NUMBER [1/s]
SUBSTRATE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
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kcat/KM VALUE [1/mMs-1]
SUBSTRATE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
1057.7
4-nitrophenyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside
-
recombinant enzyme, pH 6.5, 30°C
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SPECIFIC ACTIVITY [µmol/min/mg]
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
136
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pH OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
6.5
7.5
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pH RANGE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
3 - 8
-
pH 3.0: about 70% of maximal activity, pH 8.0: about 80% of maximal activity
5.5 - 9
over 50% of maximal activity within this range, recombinant enzyme
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TEMPERATURE OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
37
40
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TEMPERATURE RANGE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
20 - 60
-
20°C: about 70% of maximal activity, 60°C: about 80% of maximal activity
30 - 45
at 30°C and 37°C, the recombinant enzyme has 75.0% and 89.8% of the maximal activity at 45°C
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pI VALUE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
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ORGANISM
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
UNIPROT
SEQUENCE DB
SOURCE
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GENERAL INFORMATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
evolution
metabolism
transformation pathways of ginsenosides by enzyme BglG167b, overview
physiological function
additional information
evolution
-
the enzyme belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase family 39, GH39
evolution
-
the enzyme belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase family 78, GH78
evolution
the enzyme shows homology with glycosyl hydrolases from family 3, GH3
physiological function
-
ginsenosidase type IV hydrolyzes the sugars linked to C-6 in the PPT-type ginsenosides. Ginsenosidase type IV enzymes are subdivided into types IV-i-1, IV-i-2, IV-i-3, and IV-ii. Ginsenosidase type IV-i-1 enzymes convert ginsenoside Rf to Rh1 by the hydrolysis of only the outer glucose linked to C-20 and not the inner glucose linked to C-6 in the PPT-type ginsenosides with the hydrolysis pattern of E-1
physiological function
-
ginsenosidase type IV hydrolyzes the sugars linked to C-6 in the PPT-type ginsenosides. Ginsenosidase type IV enzymes are subdivided into types IV-i-1, IV-i-2, IV-i-3, and IV-ii. Ginsenosidase type IV-i-1 enzymes convert ginsenoside Rf to Rh1 by the hydrolysis of only the outer glucose linked to C-20 and not the inner glucose linked to C-6 in the PPT-type ginsenosides with the hydrolysis pattern of E-1
physiological function
-
ginsenosidase type IV hydrolyzes the sugars linked to C-6 in the PPT-type ginsenosides. Ginsenosidase type IV enzymes are subdivided into types IV-i-1, IV-i-2, IV-i-3, and IV-ii. Ginsenosidase type IV-i-2 enzymes convert ginsenosides Re and Rg2 to ginsenosides Rg1 and Rh1, respectively, by hydrolyzing only the outer rhamnose linked to C-6 in the PPT-type ginsenosides with the hydrolysis pattern of E-2
physiological function
-
ginsenosidase type IV hydrolyzes the sugars linked to C-6 in the PPT-type ginsenosides. Ginsenosidase type IV enzymes are subdivided into types IV-i-1, IV-i-2, IV-i-3, and IV-ii. Ginsenosidase type IV-i-2 enzymes convert ginsenosides Re and Rg2 to ginsenosides Rg1 and Rh1, respectively, by hydrolyzing only the outer rhamnose linked to C-6 in the PPT-type ginsenosides with the hydrolysis pattern of E-2
physiological function
-
ginsenosidase type IV hydrolyzes the sugars linked to C-6 in the PPT-type ginsenosides. Ginsenosidase type IV enzymes are subdivided into types IV-i-1, IV-i-2, IV-i-3, and IV-ii. Ginsenosidase type IV-i-3 enzymes convert notoginsenosides R1 and R2 to ginsenosides Rg1 and Rh1, respectively, with the hydrolysis pattern of E-3 through the hydrolysis of the outer xylose linked to C-6 without further hydrolysis in the PPT-type ginsenosides
physiological function
-
ginsenosidase type IV hydrolyzes the sugars linked to C-6 in the PPT-type ginsenosides. Ginsenosidase type IV enzymes are subdivided into types IV-i-1, IV-i-2, IV-i-3, and IV-ii. Ginsenosidase type IV-i-3 enzymes convert notoginsenosides R1 and R2 to ginsenosides Rg1 and Rh1, respectively, with the hydrolysis pattern of E-3 through the hydrolysis of the outer xylose linked to C-6 without further hydrolysis in the PPT-type ginsenosides
physiological function
-
ginsenosidase type IV hydrolyzes the sugars linked to C-6 in the PPT-type ginsenosides. Ginsenosidase type IV enzymes are subdivided into types IV-i-1, IV-i-2, IV-i-3, and IV-ii. Ginsenosidase type IV-i-3 enzymes convert notoginsenosides R1 and R2 to ginsenosides Rg1 and Rh1, respectively, with the hydrolysis pattern of E-3 through the hydrolysis of the outer xylose linked to C-6 without further hydrolysis in the PPT-type ginsenosides
physiological function
-
ginsenosidase type IV hydrolyzes the sugars linked to C-6 in the PPT-type ginsenosides. Ginsenosidase type IV enzymes are subdivided into types IV-i-1, IV-i-2, IV-i-3, and IV-ii. Ginsenosidase type IV-i-3 enzymes convert notoginsenosides R1 and R2 to ginsenosides Rg1 and Rh1, respectively, with the hydrolysis pattern of E-3 through the hydrolysis of the outer xylose linked to C-6 without further hydrolysis in the PPT-type ginsenosides
physiological function
-
ginsenosidase type IV hydrolyzes the sugars linked to C-6 in the PPT-type ginsenosides. Ginsenosidase type IV enzymes are subdivided into types IV-i-1, IV-i-2, IV-i-3, and IV-ii. Ginsenosidase type IV-i-3 enzymes convert notoginsenosides R1 and R2 to ginsenosides Rg1 and Rh1, respectively, with the hydrolysis pattern of E-3 through the hydrolysis of the outer xylose linked to C-6 without further hydrolysis in the PPT-type ginsenosides
physiological function
-
ginsenosidase type IV hydrolyzes the sugars linked to C-6 in the PPT-type ginsenosides. Ginsenosidase type IV enzymes are subdivided into types IV-i-1, IV-i-2, IV-i-3, and IV-ii. Ginsenosidase type IV-i-3 enzymes convert notoginsenosides R1 and R2 to ginsenosides Rg1 and Rh1, respectively, with the hydrolysis pattern of E-3 through the hydrolysis of the outer xylose linked to C-6 without further hydrolysis in the PPT-type ginsenosides
physiological function
-
ginsenosidase type IV hydrolyzes the sugars linked to C-6 in the PPT-type ginsenosides. Ginsenosidase type IV enzymes are subdivided into types IV-i-1, IV-i-2, IV-i-3, and IV-ii. Ginsenosidase type IV-ii enzymes convert ginsenosides Rg1 and Rh1, containing only the inner glucose without the outer sugar at C-6, are converted to ginsenosides F1 and aglycone protopanaxatriol (APPT), respectively, by hydrolyzing the inner glucose linked to C-6 but not the glucose linked to C-20 in the PPT-type ginsenosides with the hydrolysis pattern of F. Ginsenosidase type IV-ii enzymes also hydrolyze the outer glucose of ginsenoside Rf, which has the outer and inner glucose at C-6 with the hydrolysis pattern of E-1; the outer rhamnose of ginsenosides Re and Rg2, which have the outer rhamnose and inner glucose at C-6 with the hydrolysis attern of E-2, and the outer xylose of notoginsenosides R1 and R2, which contain the outer xylose and inner glucose at C-6 with the hydrolysis pattern of E-3
physiological function
Aspergillus niger g.848
-
ginsenosidase type IV hydrolyzes the sugars linked to C-6 in the PPT-type ginsenosides. Ginsenosidase type IV enzymes are subdivided into types IV-i-1, IV-i-2, IV-i-3, and IV-ii. Ginsenosidase type IV-i-1 enzymes convert ginsenoside Rf to Rh1 by the hydrolysis of only the outer glucose linked to C-20 and not the inner glucose linked to C-6 in the PPT-type ginsenosides with the hydrolysis pattern of E-1
-
additional information
enhanced production of gypenoside LXXV using a ginsenoside-transforming beta-glucosidase from ginseng-cultivating soil bacteria and its anti-cancer property. Anti-cancer effects of GypLXXV, Rg3(S), GypXVII and Rb1 on cell viability of HeLa cells, B16 cells, and MDA-MB23 cells
additional information
-
the amino acid at position 512 in beta-glucosidase from Clavibacter michiganensis determines the regioselectivity for hydrolyzing gypenoside XVII, obtained from the GypXVII-docked homology models of beta-glucosidase. Homology modeling of Clavibacter michiganensis beta-glucosidase based on the crystal structure of beta-D-glucan exohydrolase from Hordeum vulgare (PDB ID 1EX1) as a template
additional information
-
the amino acid at position 512 in beta-glucosidase from Clavibacter michiganensis determines the regioselectivity for hydrolyzing gypenoside XVII, obtained from the GypXVII-docked homology models of beta-glucosidase. Homology modeling of Clavibacter michiganensis beta-glucosidase based on the crystal structure of beta-D-glucan exohydrolase from Hordeum vulgare (PDB ID 1EX1) as a template
-
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UNIPROT
ENTRY NAME
ORGANISM
NO. OF AA
NO. OF TRANSM. HELICES
MOLECULAR WEIGHT[Da]
SOURCE
SEQUENCE
LOCALIZATION PREDICTION
The reliability class of the localization prediction ranges from 1 (very reliable) to 5 (not reliable).
The reliability class of the localization prediction ranges from 1 (very reliable) to 5 (not reliable). A0A142G555_9MICO
500
0
52012
TrEMBL
-
L0EKQ7_9MICO
803
0
84781
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 3)
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MOLECULAR WEIGHT
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
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SUBUNIT
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
?
x * 90300, about, sequence calculation, x * 116000, about, recombinant GST-tagged enzyme BglG167b, sequence calculation
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pH STABILITY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
6 - 9
purified recombinant enzyme, over 80% activity remaining
754799
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TEMPERATURE STABILITY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
40
purified recombinant enzyme, 2 h, over 80% activity remaining
45
purified recombinant enzyme, 2 h, no activity remaining, inactivation above 45°C
5 - 30
purified recombinant enzyme, 2 h, over 90% activity remaining
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PURIFICATION (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
recombinant GST-tagged enzyme from Escherichia coli by glutathione affinity chromatography
recombinant His-tagged enzyme from Escherichia coli strain BL21(DE3) by nickel affinity chromatography
-
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CLONED (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
BglG167b cloning and overexpression in Escherichia coli as GST-tagged enzyme, phylogenetic analysis of BglG167b
recombinant enzyme expression in Escherichia coli strain BL21(DE3)
recombinant expression of His-tagged enzyme in Escherichia coli strain BL21(DE3)
-
recombinant expression of wild-type and mutant enzymes in Escherichia coli strain ER2566
-
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APPLICATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
synthesis
the enzyme is applied for the production of gypenoside LXXV from gypenoside XVII at the gram-scale. The pure GypLXXV can be used for the study of anti-cancer effects against three kinds of cancer cells in vitro
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REF.
AUTHORS
TITLE
JOURNAL
VOL.
PAGES
YEAR
ORGANISM (UNIPROT)
PUBMED ID
SOURCE
Wang, D.M.; Yu, H.S.; Song, J.G.; Xu, Y.F.; Liu, C.Y.; Jin, F.X.
A novel ginsenosidase from an Aspergillus strain hydrolyzing 6-O-multi-glycosides of protopanaxatriol-type ginsenosides, named ginsenosidase type IV
J. Microbiol. Biotechnol.
21
1057-1063
2011
Aspergillus sp., Aspergillus sp. 39g
brenda
Wang, D.M.; Yu, H.S.; Song, J.G.; Xu, Y.F.; Jin, F.X.
Enzyme kinetics of ginsenosidase type IV hydrolyzing 6-O-multi-glycosides of protopanaxatriol type ginsenosides
Proc. Biochem.
47
133-138
2012
Aspergillus sp., Aspergillus sp. 39g
-
brenda
Shin, K.C.; Hong, S.H.; Seo, M.J.; Oh, D.K.
An amino acid at position 512 in beta-glucosidase from Clavibacter michiganensis determines the regioselectivity for hydrolyzing gypenoside XVII
Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol.
99
7987-7996
2015
Clavibacter michiganensis, Clavibacter michiganensis DSM 46364
brenda
Huq, M.; Siraj, F.; Kim, Y.; Yang, D.
Enzymatic transformation of ginseng leaf saponin by recombinant beta-glucosidase (bgp1) and its efficacy in an adipocyte cell line
Biotechnol. Appl. Biochem.
63
532-538
2016
Microbacterium esteraromaticum (A0A142G555)
-
brenda
Shin, K.; Oh, D.
Classification of glycosidases that hydrolyze the specific positions and types of sugar moieties in ginsenosides
Crit. Rev. Biotechnol.
36
1036-1049
2016
Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus sp., Thermoanaerobacterium thermosaccharolyticum, Pyrococcus furiosus, Penicillium decumbens, Absidia sp. (in: Fungi), Fusarium subglutinans, Penicillium sclerotiorum, Sanguibacter keddieii
brenda
Shin, K.; Lee, H.; Oh, D.
Substrate specificity of beta-glucosidase from Gordonia terrae for ginsenosides and its application in the production of ginsenosides Rg3, Rg2, and Rh1 from ginseng root extract
J. Biosci. Bioeng.
119
497-504
2015
Gordonia terrae, Gordonia terrae DSM 43249, Gordonia terrae NBRC 100016
brenda
Cui, C.; Kim, D.; Jung, S.; Kim, S.; Im, W.
Enhanced production of gypenoside LXXV using a novel ginsenoside-transforming beta-glucosidase from ginseng-cultivating soil bacteria and its anti-cancer property
Molecules
22
844-858
2017
Microbacterium sp. Gsoil167 (L0EKQ7)
brenda
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Release 2023.1 (January 2023)
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