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Information on EC 2.1.1.210 - demethylspheroidene O-methyltransferase
for references in articles please use BRENDA:EC2.1.1.210
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EC Tree 2 Transferases
2.1 Transferring one-carbon groups
2.1.1 Methyltransferases
2.1.1.210 demethylspheroidene O-methyltransferase
IUBMB Comments
In Rhodopseudomonas capsulata and Rubrivivax gelatinosus the enzyme is involved in biosynthesis of spheroidene [1,2,3]. In Rubrivivax gelatinosus the enzyme also catalyses the methylation of demethylspirilloxanthin to spirilloxanthin and the methylation of 3,4-didehydrorhodopin to anhydrorhodovibrin .
The expected taxonomic range for this enzyme is: Bacteria, Archaea
Reaction Schemes
showSynonyms
1-ho-carotenoid methylase, more
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SYNONYM 
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY 
LITERATURE
acyclic 1-hydroxycarotenoid methyltransferase
CrtF
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REACTION
REACTION DIAGRAM
COMMENTARY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + demethylspheroidene = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + spheroidene
-
-
-
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PATHWAY SOURCE
PATHWAYS
MetaCyc
spheroidene and spheroidenone biosynthesis
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SYSTEMATIC NAME
IUBMB Comments
S-adenosyl-L-methionine:demethylspheroidene O-methyltransferase
In Rhodopseudomonas capsulata and Rubrivivax gelatinosus the enzyme is involved in biosynthesis of spheroidene [1,2,3]. In Rubrivivax gelatinosus the enzyme also catalyses the methylation of demethylspirilloxanthin to spirilloxanthin and the methylation of 3,4-didehydrorhodopin to anhydrorhodovibrin [2].
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SUBSTRATE
PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
COMMENTARY
Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
S-adenosyl-D-methionine + demethylspheroidene
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + spheroidene
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Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
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S-adenosyl-L-methionine + 1'-hydroxydemethylspheroidene
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 1'-hydroxyspheroidene
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + 1,1'-dihydroxy-3,4,3',4'-tetradehydrolycopene
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 1,1'-dimethoxy-3,4,3',4'-tetradehydrolycopene
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Substrates: not involved in the carotenogenic pathway of Rhodobacter capsulatus
Products: -
Products: -
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S-adenosyl-L-methionine + 1,1'-dihydroxy-3,4-didehydrolycopene
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 1,1'-dimethoxy-3,4-didehydrolycopene
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Substrates: not involved in the carotenogenic pathway of Rhodobacter capsulatus
Products: -
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S-adenosyl-L-methionine + 1,1'-dihydroxylycopene
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 1,1'-dimethoxylycopene
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Substrates: not involved in the carotenogenic pathway of Rhodobacter capsulatus
Products: -
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S-adenosyl-L-methionine + 1,1'-dihydroxyneurosporene
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 1-methoxy-1'-hydroxyneurosporene
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + 1-hydroxy-3,4-didehydrolycopene
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 1-methoxy-3,4-didehydrolycopene
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Substrates: not involved in the carotenogenic pathway of Rhodobacter capsulatus
Products: -
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S-adenosyl-L-methionine + 1-hydroxylycopene
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 1-methoxylycopene
-
Substrates: not involved in the carotenogenic pathway of Rhodobacter capsulatus
Products: -
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S-adenosyl-L-methionine + 1-hydroxyneurosporene
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 1-methoxyneurosporene
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + 1'-hydroxydemethylspheroidene
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 1'-hydroxyspheroidene
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Substrates: -
Products: -
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S-adenosyl-L-methionine + 1'-hydroxydemethylspheroidene
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 1'-hydroxyspheroidene
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Substrates: the enzyme is involved in the biosynthesis of spheroidene and spirilloxanthin, essential components of the photosynthetic apparatus
Products: -
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S-adenosyl-L-methionine + 1,1'-dihydroxyneurosporene
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 1-methoxy-1'-hydroxyneurosporene
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Substrates: -
Products: -
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?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + 1,1'-dihydroxyneurosporene
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 1-methoxy-1'-hydroxyneurosporene
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Substrates: the enzyme is involved in the biosynthesis of spheroidene and spirilloxanthin, essential components of the photosynthetic apparatus
Products: -
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S-adenosyl-L-methionine + 1-hydroxyneurosporene
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 1-methoxyneurosporene
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
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?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + 1-hydroxyneurosporene
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 1-methoxyneurosporene
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Substrates: the enzyme is involved in the biosynthesis of spheroidene and spirilloxanthin, essential components of the photosynthetic apparatus
Products: -
Products: -
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + demethylspheroidene
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + spheroidene
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + demethylspheroidene
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + spheroidene
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + demethylspheroidene
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + spheroidene
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + demethylspheroidene
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + spheroidene
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + demethylspheroidene
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + spheroidene
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + demethylspheroidene
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + spheroidene
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + demethylspheroidene
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + spheroidene
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Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
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S-adenosyl-L-methionine + demethylspheroidene
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + spheroidene
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Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + demethylspheroidene
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + spheroidene
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
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S-adenosyl-L-methionine + demethylspheroidene
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + spheroidene
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Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + demethylspheroidene
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + spheroidene
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + demethylspheroidene
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + spheroidene
-
Substrates: the enzyme is involved in spheroidene biosynthesis pathway and spirilloxanthin biosynthesis pathway. Methylated carotenoids, such as spheroidene and spirilloxanthin, function as accessory pigments in the light-harvesting and reaction-center complexes of purple bacteria
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additional information
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Substrates: the enzyme converts not only all possible 1-hydroxycarotenoids in the spheroidene/1'-hydroxyspheroidene biosynthetic pathway of Rhodobacter capsulatus but also carotenoid intermediates leading to the formation of spirilloxanthin in a pathway which is absent in Rhodobacter capsulatus but present in related species. Hydroxycarotenoids not accepted by CrtF are 1'-hydroxy-3,4-didehydrolycopene, 1-hydroxy-zeta-carotene, 1,1'-dihydroxy-zeta-carotene both without the 7,8- and 7',8'-double bond and cyclic zeaxanthin. From all these complementation results the structural requirements of a substrate for CrtF can be established. The 1-hydroxy-carotenoid should be acyclic with a 5,6-double bond in conjugation with the central polyene chain. A 3,4-double bond is optional. The other end group can be quite variable without a negative impact on methylation, provided that it is not a fully desaturated psi-end group
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additional information
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Substrates: major carotenoids in Rhodoplanes elegans are spirilloxanthin and anhydrorhodovibrin, carotenoid profile, overview
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additional information
?
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Substrates: major carotenoids in Rhodoplanes elegans are spirilloxanthin and anhydrorhodovibrin, carotenoid profile, overview
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additional information
?
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Substrates: major carotenoid in Rhodoplanes pokkaliisoli is rhodopin, carotenoid profile, overview
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additional information
?
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Substrates: major carotenoid in Rhodoplanes pokkaliisoli is rhodopin, carotenoid profile, overview
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?
additional information
?
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Substrates: major carotenoid in Rhodoplanes roseus is spirilloxanthin, carotenoid profile, overview
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additional information
?
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Substrates: major carotenoid in Rhodoplanes serenus is spirilloxanthin, carotenoid profile, overview
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?
additional information
?
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Substrates: major carotenoid in Rhodoplanes serenus is spirilloxanthin, carotenoid profile, overview
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?
additional information
?
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Substrates: major carotenoid in Rhodoplanes cryptolactis is rhodopin, carotenoid profile, overview
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Products: -
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NATURAL SUBSTRATE
NATURAL PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
COMMENTARY
REVERSIBILITY
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
S-adenosyl-D-methionine + demethylspheroidene
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + spheroidene
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + 1'-hydroxydemethylspheroidene
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 1'-hydroxyspheroidene
-
Substrates: the enzyme is involved in the biosynthesis of spheroidene and spirilloxanthin, essential components of the photosynthetic apparatus
Products: -
Products: -
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + 1,1'-dihydroxyneurosporene
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 1-methoxy-1'-hydroxyneurosporene
-
Substrates: the enzyme is involved in the biosynthesis of spheroidene and spirilloxanthin, essential components of the photosynthetic apparatus
Products: -
Products: -
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + 1-hydroxyneurosporene
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 1-methoxyneurosporene
-
Substrates: the enzyme is involved in the biosynthesis of spheroidene and spirilloxanthin, essential components of the photosynthetic apparatus
Products: -
Products: -
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + demethylspheroidene
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + spheroidene
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + demethylspheroidene
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + spheroidene
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + demethylspheroidene
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + spheroidene
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + demethylspheroidene
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + spheroidene
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + demethylspheroidene
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + spheroidene
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + demethylspheroidene
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + spheroidene
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + demethylspheroidene
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + spheroidene
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + demethylspheroidene
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + spheroidene
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + demethylspheroidene
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + spheroidene
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + demethylspheroidene
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + spheroidene
-
Substrates: the enzyme is involved in spheroidene biosynthesis pathway and spirilloxanthin biosynthesis pathway. Methylated carotenoids, such as spheroidene and spirilloxanthin, function as accessory pigments in the light-harvesting and reaction-center complexes of purple bacteria
Products: -
Products: -
?
additional information
?
-
-
Substrates: major carotenoids in Rhodoplanes elegans are spirilloxanthin and anhydrorhodovibrin, carotenoid profile, overview
Products: -
Products: -
?
additional information
?
-
-
Substrates: major carotenoids in Rhodoplanes elegans are spirilloxanthin and anhydrorhodovibrin, carotenoid profile, overview
Products: -
Products: -
?
additional information
?
-
-
Substrates: major carotenoid in Rhodoplanes pokkaliisoli is rhodopin, carotenoid profile, overview
Products: -
Products: -
?
additional information
?
-
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Substrates: major carotenoid in Rhodoplanes pokkaliisoli is rhodopin, carotenoid profile, overview
Products: -
Products: -
?
additional information
?
-
-
Substrates: major carotenoid in Rhodoplanes roseus is spirilloxanthin, carotenoid profile, overview
Products: -
Products: -
?
additional information
?
-
-
Substrates: major carotenoid in Rhodoplanes serenus is spirilloxanthin, carotenoid profile, overview
Products: -
Products: -
?
additional information
?
-
-
Substrates: major carotenoid in Rhodoplanes serenus is spirilloxanthin, carotenoid profile, overview
Products: -
Products: -
?
additional information
?
-
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Substrates: major carotenoid in Rhodoplanes cryptolactis is rhodopin, carotenoid profile, overview
Products: -
Products: -
?
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COFACTOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
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KM VALUE [mM]
SUBSTRATE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
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pH OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
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TEMPERATURE OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
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ORGANISM
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
UNIPROT
SEQUENCE DB
SOURCE
Highest Expressing Human Cell Lines
Cell Line LinksPlease wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
GENERAL INFORMATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
malfunction
metabolism
physiological function
-
the enzyme is involved in spheroidene biosynthesis pathway and spirilloxanthin biosynthesis pathway. Methylated carotenoids, such as spheroidene and spirilloxanthin, function as accessory pigments in the light-harvesting and reaction-center complexes of purple bacteria
malfunction
-
mutants with a lesion in crtF accumulate demethylspheroidene as their major carotenoid during anaerobic growth and demethylspheroidenone when grown in the presence of oxygen
malfunction
-
the combined manipulation of crtF and crtA allows new carotenoids to be produced and broadenes the diversity of structurally different carotenoids synthesized by Rubriovivax gelatinosus
metabolism
-
CrtF is involved in carotenogenesis and the spirilloxanthin pathway. The variation of carotenoids among the species of Rhodoplanes results from modified substrate specificity of the carotenogenesis enzymes involved, besides CrtF, acyclic carotene 1,2-hydratase CrtC and acyclic carotenoid 3,4-desaturase CrtD are involved
metabolism
-
CrtF is involved in carotenogenesis and the spirilloxanthin pathway. The variation of carotenoids among the species of Rhodoplanes results from modified substrate specificity of the carotenogenesis enzymes involved, besides CrtF, acyclic carotene 1,2-hydratase CrtC and acyclic carotenoid 3,4-desaturase CrtD are involved
metabolism
-
CrtF is involved in carotenogenesis and the spirilloxanthin pathway. The variation of carotenoids among the species of Rhodoplanes results from modified substrate specificity of the carotenogenesis enzymes involved, besides CrtF, acyclic carotene 1,2-hydratase CrtC and acyclic carotenoid 3,4-desaturase CrtD are involved
metabolism
-
CrtF is involved in carotenogenesis and the spirilloxanthin pathway. The variation of carotenoids among the species of Rhodoplanes results from modified substrate specificity of the carotenogenesis enzymes involved, besides CrtF, acyclic carotene 1,2-hydratase CrtC and acyclic carotenoid 3,4-desaturase CrtD are involved
metabolism
-
CrtF is involved in carotenogenesis and the spirilloxanthin pathway. The variation of carotenoids among the species of Rhodoplanes results from modified substrate specificity of the carotenogenesis enzymes involved, besides CrtF, acyclic carotene 1,2-hydratase CrtC and acyclic carotenoid 3,4-desaturase CrtD are involved
metabolism
-
CrtF is involved in carotenogenesis and the spirilloxanthin pathway. The variation of carotenoids among the species of Rhodoplanes results from modified substrate specificity of the carotenogenesis enzymes involved, besides CrtF, acyclic carotene 1,2-hydratase CrtC and acyclic carotenoid 3,4-desaturase CrtD are involved
-
metabolism
-
CrtF is involved in carotenogenesis and the spirilloxanthin pathway. The variation of carotenoids among the species of Rhodoplanes results from modified substrate specificity of the carotenogenesis enzymes involved, besides CrtF, acyclic carotene 1,2-hydratase CrtC and acyclic carotenoid 3,4-desaturase CrtD are involved
-
metabolism
-
CrtF is involved in carotenogenesis and the spirilloxanthin pathway. The variation of carotenoids among the species of Rhodoplanes results from modified substrate specificity of the carotenogenesis enzymes involved, besides CrtF, acyclic carotene 1,2-hydratase CrtC and acyclic carotenoid 3,4-desaturase CrtD are involved
-
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MOLECULAR WEIGHT
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
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SUBUNIT
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
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PURIFICATION (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
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CLONED (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
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REF.
AUTHORS
TITLE
JOURNAL
VOL.
PAGES
YEAR
ORGANISM (UNIPROT)
PUBMED ID
SOURCE
Pinta, V.; Ouchane, S.; Picaud, M.; Takaichi, S.; Astier, C.; Reiss-Husson, F.
Characterization of unusual hydroxy- and ketocarotenoids in Rubrivivax gelatinosus: involvement of enzyme CrtF or CrtA
Arch. Microbiol.
179
354-362
2003
Rubrivivax gelatinosus
brenda
Singh RK, Britton G, Goodwin TW.
Carotenoid biosynthesis in Rhodopseudomonas spheroides. S-Adenosylmethionine as the methylating agent in the biosynthesis of spheroidene and spheroidenone
Biochem. J.
136
413-419
1973
Cereibacter sphaeroides
brenda
Badenhop, F.; Steiger, S.; Sandmann, M.; Sandmann, G.
Expression and biochemical characterization of the 1-HO-carotenoid methylase CrtF from Rhodobacter capsulatus
FEMS Microbiol. Lett.
222
237-242
2003
Rhodobacter capsulatus
brenda
Scolnik, P.A.; Walker, M.A., Marrs, B.L.
Biosynthesis of carotenoids derived from neurosporene in Rhodopseudomonas capsulata
J. Biol. Chem.
255
2427-2432
2008
Rhodobacter capsulatus
brenda
Takaichi, S.; Sasikala, C.h.; Ramana, C.h.V.; Okamura, K.; Hiraishi, A.
Carotenoids in Rhodoplanes species: variation of compositions and substrate specificity of predicted carotenogenesis enzymes
Curr. Microbiol.
65
150-155
2012
Rhodoplanes elegans, Rhodoplanes elegans AS130, Rhodoplanes pokkaliisoli, Rhodoplanes pokkaliisoli JA415, Rhodoplanes roseus, Rhodoplanes serenus, Rhodoplanes serenus TUT3530, Rhodoplanes tepidamans
brenda
EXTERNAL LINKS (specific for EC-Number 2.1.1.210)
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Release 2023.1 (January 2023)
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