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Information on EC 1.3.1.24 - biliverdin reductase
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EC Tree
1.3.1.24 biliverdin reductaseSpecify your search results
Word Map
- 1.3.1.24
- heme
- oxygenase-1
-
monoxide
-
cytoprotective
-
repolarization
-
beat-to-beat
-
rosenthal
-
hyperbilirubinemia
-
palliation
- tetrapyrrole
- tdp
-
torsades
- diagnostics
-
proarrhythmia
- medicine
-
galenic
-
univentricular
- pharmacology
The expected taxonomic range for this enzyme is: Eukaryota, Bacteria
Synonyms
bvr, biliverdin reductase, bvr-a, blvra, biliverdin reductase a, biliverdin reductase-a, bvr-b, rv2074, biliverdin-ixalpha reductase, biliverdin ixalpha reductase, 
more
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SYNONYM 
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY 
LITERATURE
biliverdin IXalpha reductase
biliverdin reductase
biliverdin reductase A
biliverdin reductase B
Biliverdin reductase-A
BLVRA
BLVRB
BV reductase
BVR
BVR-A
BVRA
BVRB
F-BVR
F420H2-dependent biliverdin reductase
reductase, biliverdin
-
-
-
-
Rv2074
BVR
-
-
BVR
-
BVR reduces biliverdin to the antioxidant bilirubin, functions as a kinase and as a transcription factor in the MAPK signalling cascade, as well as in the nuclear transport of haematin
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REACTION
REACTION DIAGRAM
COMMENTARY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
bilirubin + NAD(P)+ = biliverdin + NAD(P)H + H+
-
-
-
-
bilirubin + NAD(P)+ = biliverdin + NAD(P)H + H+
catalysis via hydride transfer from NADH
bilirubin + NAD(P)+ = biliverdin + NAD(P)H + H+
induced fit docking is emplyed to study the substrate binding modes to hBVR-A of biliverdin-IXalpha and four analogues. Substrate binding modes are examined further by performing molecular dynamics (MD) simulations followed by molecular mechanics Poisson-Boltzmann surface area (MM-PBSA) calculations. On the basis of our calculations, the energetically preferred pathway consists of an initial protonation of the pyrrolic nitrogen on the biliverdin substrate followed by hydride transfer to yield the reduction product
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REACTION TYPE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
oxidation
redox reaction
-
-
-
-
reduction
oxidation
-
-
-
-
reduction
-
-
-
-
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PATHWAY SOURCE
PATHWAYS
BRENDA
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SYSTEMATIC NAME
IUBMB Comments
bilirubin:NAD(P)+ oxidoreductase
-
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CAS REGISTRY NUMBER
COMMENTARY
9074-10-6
-
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SUBSTRATE
PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
biliverdin IXalpha + NADH + H+
bilirubin IXalpha + NAD+
substrate for isoform BVRA
-
-
r
biliverdin IXalpha + NADPH + H+
bilirubin IXalpha + NADP+
substrate for isoform BVRA
-
-
r
biliverdin IXbeta + NADH + H+
bilirubin IXbeta + NAD+
substrate for isoform BVRB
-
-
r
biliverdin IXbeta + NADPH + H+
bilirubin IXbeta + NADP+
substrate for isoform BVRB
-
-
r
casein + NAD(P)H
?
-
BVR functions as an serine/threonine kinase for casein
-
-
?
insulin receptor substrate-1 + NAD(P)H
?
-
the serine residues are targets for BVR phosphorylation
-
-
?
insulin-receptor substrate 1 + NAD(P)H
?
-
BVR functions as an serine/threonine kinase for insulin-receptor substrate 1
-
-
?
myelin basic protein + NAD(P)H
?
-
BVR functions as an serine/threonine kinase for myelin basic protein
-
-
?
protein kinase C-betaII + NAD(P)H
?
-
BVR functions as an serine/threonine kinase for protein kinase C-betaII
-
-
?
bilirubin + NADP+
biliverdin + NADPH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
biliverdin + coenzyme F420 + H+
bilirubin + reduced coenzyme F420
-
-
-
-
?
biliverdin + coenzyme F420 + H+
bilirubin + reduced coenzyme F420
-
-
-
-
?
biliverdin + NAD(P)H
bilirubin + NAD(P)+
-
-
-
-
?
biliverdin + NAD(P)H
bilirubin + NAD(P)+
-
specific for biliverdin and IXalpha faster than the biliverdin isomers IXbeta, IXr or IXdelta
-
-
?
biliverdin + NAD(P)H
bilirubin + NAD(P)+
-
physiologic degradation of heme to bile pigments
-
?
biliverdin + NAD(P)H
bilirubin + NAD(P)+
-
physiologic degradation of heme to bile pigments
-
?
biliverdin + NAD(P)H
bilirubin + NAD(P)+
-
activity with NADPH is 50 times greater than with NADH
-
-
?
biliverdin + NAD(P)H
bilirubin + NAD(P)+
-
high but no absolute specificity for natural IXalpha isomeric form
-
-
?
biliverdin + NAD(P)H
bilirubin + NAD(P)+
-
physiologic degradation of heme to bile pigments
-
?
biliverdin + NAD(P)H
bilirubin + NAD(P)+
-
physiologic degradation of heme to bile pigments
-
?
biliverdin + NAD(P)H
bilirubin + NAD(P)+
-
it is proposed that the propionate side chains bridging the C10 position on the tetrapyrrole interact with the positively charged residues on biliverdin reductase A to promote binding and subsequent catalysis
-
-
?
biliverdin + NAD(P)H
bilirubin + NAD(P)+
-
human enzyme is a leucine zipper-like DNA-binding protein and functions in transcriptional activation of heme oxygenase-1 by oxidative stress
-
-
?
biliverdin + NAD(P)H
bilirubin + NAD(P)+
-
-
-
-
?
biliverdin + NAD(P)H
bilirubin + NAD(P)+
-
NADH and NADPH can be replaced by 3-acetyl-NADPH and deamino-NADPH (biliverdin I and biliverdin IX reduction)
-
-
?
biliverdin + NAD(P)H
bilirubin + NAD(P)+
-
two and four propionates in the biliverdin structure give a biliverdin with substrate activity but biliverdins carrying methyl, ethyl and one propionate residue in their structure and biliverdins with one propionate and one acetate residue or with two acetate residues are no substrates
-
-
?
biliverdin + NAD(P)H
bilirubin + NAD(P)+
-
specificity of the different molecular forms
-
-
?
biliverdin + NAD(P)H
bilirubin + NAD(P)+
-
study with different biliverdin types
-
-
?
biliverdin + NAD(P)H
bilirubin + NAD(P)+
-
pig spleen: IXalpha-biliverdin: most effective substrate among the 4 biliverdin isomers
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-
?
biliverdin + NAD(P)H
bilirubin + NAD(P)+
-
not: IXalpha-biliverdin methylester (pig spleen)
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-
?
biliverdin + NAD(P)H
bilirubin + NAD(P)+
-
pig spleen: strictly specific to biliverdin, no other oxidoreductase activities
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-
?
biliverdin + NAD(P)H
bilirubin + NAD(P)+
-
importance in linear tetrapyrrole metabolism
-
?
biliverdin + NAD(P)H + H+
bilirubin + NAD(P)+
-
-
-
-
?
biliverdin IXalpha + NAD(P)H + H+
bilirubin IXalpha + NAD(P)+
substrate of BVRA but not of BVRB isoform
-
-
ir
biliverdin IXalpha + NAD(P)H + H+
bilirubin IXalpha + NAD(P)+
substrate of BVRA but not of BVRB isoform
-
-
ir
insulin receptor substrate 1 + NAD(P)H
?
phosphorylates serine residues in insulin receptor substrate 1
-
-
?
insulin receptor substrate 1 + NAD(P)H
?
phosphorylates serine residues in insulin receptor substrate 1
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
enzyme advances the role of heme oxidase 1 in cytoprotection and also affords cytoprotection independent of heme degradation
-
-
?
additional information
?
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enzyme may be an essential component of normal physiologic gastrointestinal defense
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-
?
additional information
?
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enzyme physiologically regenerates bilirubin in a catalytic cycle, providing antioxidant cytoprotection
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-
?
additional information
?
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role of enzyme in regulation of activating protein 1 and cAMP-regulated genes and in cell signaling
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
biliverdin IXalpha is no substrate BVRB isoform
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
biliverdin IXalpha is no substrate BVRB isoform
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
BVR has also serine/threonine/tyrosine kinase activity
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
BVR has also serine/threonine/tyrosine kinase activity
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
BVR is a substrate for insulin receptor tyrosine kinase
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
BVR is a substrate for insulin receptor tyrosine kinase
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
BVR is likely to affect the activation of nuclear factor kappaB both in its capacity as a reductase as well as a kinase
-
-
?
additional information
?
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the enzyme shows dual cofactor- and pH-dependency in activity
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?
additional information
?
-
-
hBVR binds to Goodpasture antigen-binding protein and down-regulates its TNF-alpha-stimulated kinase activity
-
-
?
additional information
?
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protein kinase Cdelta is activated by the enzyme. Protein kinase Cdelta is not a substrate for the enzyme in vitro
-
-
?
additional information
?
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-
heme-oxygenase-1-dependent activation of Akt protein is in part mediated by BVR
-
-
?
additional information
?
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enzyme diverts tetrapyrrole metabolism toward heme synthesis while also reducing heme levels to de-repress synthesis of 5-aminolevulinic acid
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-
?
additional information
?
-
-
biliverdin IXalpha is no substrate of BVRB isoform
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
biliverdin IXalpha is no substrate of BVRB isoform
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
BVR has also serine/threonine/tyrosine kinase activity
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
BVR has also serine/threonine/tyrosine kinase activity
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
BVR is a substrate for insulin receptor tyrosine kinase
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
BVR is a substrate for insulin receptor tyrosine kinase
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the enzyme shows dual cofactor- and pH-dependency in activity
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
enzyme may be an essential component of normal physiologic gastrointestinal defense
-
-
?
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NATURAL SUBSTRATE
NATURAL PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
REVERSIBILITY
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
biliverdin IXalpha + NADH + H+
bilirubin IXalpha + NAD+
substrate for isoform BVRA
-
-
r
biliverdin IXalpha + NADPH + H+
bilirubin IXalpha + NADP+
substrate for isoform BVRA
-
-
r
biliverdin IXbeta + NADH + H+
bilirubin IXbeta + NAD+
substrate for isoform BVRB
-
-
r
biliverdin IXbeta + NADPH + H+
bilirubin IXbeta + NADP+
substrate for isoform BVRB
-
-
r
bilirubin + NADP+
biliverdin + NADPH + H+
-
-
-
-
r
biliverdin + coenzyme F420 + H+
bilirubin + reduced coenzyme F420
-
-
-
-
?
biliverdin + coenzyme F420 + H+
bilirubin + reduced coenzyme F420
-
-
-
-
?
biliverdin + NAD(P)H
bilirubin + NAD(P)+
-
physiologic degradation of heme to bile pigments
-
?
biliverdin + NAD(P)H
bilirubin + NAD(P)+
-
physiologic degradation of heme to bile pigments
-
?
biliverdin + NAD(P)H
bilirubin + NAD(P)+
-
physiologic degradation of heme to bile pigments
-
?
biliverdin + NAD(P)H
bilirubin + NAD(P)+
-
physiologic degradation of heme to bile pigments
-
?
biliverdin + NAD(P)H
bilirubin + NAD(P)+
-
importance in linear tetrapyrrole metabolism
-
?