A flavoprotein (FAD). The enzyme from Corynebacterium cyclohexanicum is highly specific for 4-hydroxybenzoate, but uses NADH and NADPH at approximately equal rates (cf. EC 1.14.13.2 4-hydroxybenzoate 3-monooxygenase). It is less specific for NADPH than EC 1.14.13.2.
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The expected taxonomic range for this enzyme is: Bacteria, Eukaryota
A flavoprotein (FAD). The enzyme from Corynebacterium cyclohexanicum is highly specific for 4-hydroxybenzoate, but uses NADH and NADPH at approximately equal rates (cf. EC 1.14.13.2 4-hydroxybenzoate 3-monooxygenase). It is less specific for NADPH than EC 1.14.13.2.
PHBH and related enzymes lack a canonical NAD(P)H-binding domain. Enzyme PHBHRo shows a clear preference for NADH, PHBHRo1CP contains the NADH-preferring sequence motif 32-ESRTREEVEGT. NADH is preferred over NADPHs
the enzyme is involved in the degradation of 4-hydroxybenzoate. The 4-hydroxybenzoate degradation pathway is required for full pathogenicity of Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris in radish
amino acid sequences of NADH-preferring PHBHs of putative PHBHs identified in currently available bacterial genomes, phylogenetic analysis, overview. The pyridine nucleotide coenzyme specificity of PHBH emerged through adaptive evolution, and the NADH-preferring enzymes are the older versions of PHBH. Structural comparison and distance tree analysis of group A flavoprotein monooxygenases indicates that a similar protein segment as being responsible for the pyridine nucleotide coenzyme specificity of PHBH is involved in determining the pyridine nucleotide coenzyme specificity of the other group A members. Evolutionary rate calculation. Among the actinobacterial sequences presently available, most comprise the NADH-preferring fingerprint. However, Mycobacteria have a mixed type motif, often the first or both arginine(s) of the NADH-fingerprint are present but the remaining part is lacking. In addition, many mycobacterial sequences have parts of the NADPH-preferring fingerprint, especially, x(D/E)YVL(G/S)R
amino acid sequences of NADH-preferring PHBHs of putative PHBHs identified in currently available bacterial genomes, phylogenetic analysis, overview. The pyridine nucleotide coenzyme specificity of PHBH emerged through adaptive evolution, and the NADH-preferring enzymes are the older versions of PHBH. Structural comparison and distance tree analysis of group A flavoprotein monooxygenases indicates that a similar protein segment as being responsible for the pyridine nucleotide coenzyme specificity of PHBH is involved in determining the pyridine nucleotide coenzyme specificity of the other group A members. Evolutionary rate calculation. Among the actinobacterial sequences presently available, most comprise the NADH-preferring fingerprint. However, Mycobacteria have a mixed type motif, often the first or both arginine(s) of the NADH-fingerprint are present but the remaining part is lacking. In addition, many mycobacterial sequences have parts of the NADPH-preferring fingerprint, especially, x(D/E)YVL(G/S)R
amino acid sequences of NADH-preferring PHBHs of putative PHBHs identified in currently available bacterial genomes, phylogenetic analysis, overview. The pyridine nucleotide coenzyme specificity of PHBH emerged through adaptive evolution, and the NADH-preferring enzymes are the older versions of PHBH. Structural comparison and distance tree analysis of group A flavoprotein monooxygenases indicates that a similar protein segment as being responsible for the pyridine nucleotide coenzyme specificity of PHBH is involved in determining the pyridine nucleotide coenzyme specificity of the other group A members. Evolutionary rate calculation. Among the actinobacterial sequences presently available, most comprise the NADH-preferring fingerprint. However, Mycobacteria have a mixed type motif, often the first or both arginine(s) of the NADH-fingerprint are present but the remaining part is lacking. In addition, many mycobacterial sequences have parts of the NADPH-preferring fingerprint, especially, x(D/E)YVL(G/S)R
amino acid sequences of NADH-preferring PHBHs of putative PHBHs identified in currently available bacterial genomes, phylogenetic analysis, overview. The pyridine nucleotide coenzyme specificity of PHBH emerged through adaptive evolution, and the NADH-preferring enzymes are the older versions of PHBH. Structural comparison and distance tree analysis of group A flavoprotein monooxygenases indicates that a similar protein segment as being responsible for the pyridine nucleotide coenzyme specificity of PHBH is involved in determining the pyridine nucleotide coenzyme specificity of the other group A members. Evolutionary rate calculation. Among the actinobacterial sequences presently available, most comprise the NADH-preferring fingerprint. However, Mycobacteria have a mixed type motif, often the first or both arginine(s) of the NADH-fingerprint are present but the remaining part is lacking. In addition, many mycobacterial sequences have parts of the NADPH-preferring fingerprint, especially, x(D/E)YVL(G/S)R
amino acid sequences of NADH-preferring PHBHs of putative PHBHs identified in currently available bacterial genomes, phylogenetic analysis, overview. The pyridine nucleotide coenzyme specificity of PHBH emerged through adaptive evolution, and the NADH-preferring enzymes are the older versions of PHBH. Structural comparison and distance tree analysis of group A flavoprotein monooxygenases indicates that a similar protein segment as being responsible for the pyridine nucleotide coenzyme specificity of PHBH is involved in determining the pyridine nucleotide coenzyme specificity of the other group A members. Evolutionary rate calculation. Among the actinobacterial sequences presently available, most comprise the NADH-preferring fingerprint. However, Mycobacteria have a mixed type motif, often the first or both arginine(s) of the NADH-fingerprint are present but the remaining part is lacking. In addition, many mycobacterial sequences have parts of the NADPH-preferring fingerprint, especially, x(D/E)YVL(G/S)R
the transformation of 4-hydroxybenzoate (4-HBA) to protocatechuate (PCA) is catalyzed by flavoprotein oxygenases known as para-hydroxybenzoate-3-hydroxylases (PHBHs)
the transformation of 4-hydroxybenzoate (4-HBA) to protocatechuate (PCA) is catalyzed by flavoprotein oxygenases known as para-hydroxybenzoate-3-hydroxylases (PHBHs)
the X-ray crystal structure of PraI is solved and reveals absolute conservation of the active site architecture to other PHBH structures despite their differing cofactor preferences
in Pseudomonas putida KT2440 strains engineered to convert lignin-related aromatic compounds to muconic acid (MA), PHBH activity is rate-limiting, as indicated by the accumulation of 4-HBA, which ultimately limits MA productivity. Replacement of PobA, the native Pseudomonas putida PHBH, with PraI, a PHBH from Paenibacillus sp. JJ-1b with a broader nicotinamide cofactor preference, can alleviate this bottleneck
in Pseudomonas putida KT2440 strains engineered to convert lignin-related aromatic compounds to muconic acid (MA), PHBH activity is rate-limiting, as indicated by the accumulation of 4-hydroxybenzoate (4-HBA), which ultimately limits MA productivity. Replacement of PobA, the native Pseudomonas putida PHBH, with PraI, a PHBH from Paenibacillus sp. JJ-1b with a broader nicotinamide cofactor preference, can alleviate this bottleneck. Comparison of three Pseudomonas putida strains engineered to produce MA from p-coumarate (pCA), showing that expression of praI leads to lower 4-HBA accumulation and decreased NADP+/NADPH ratios relative to strains harboring pobA, indicative of a relieved 4-HBA bottleneck due to increased NADPH availability. In bioreactor cultivations, a strain exclusively expressing praI achieved a titer of 40 g/l MA at 100% molar yield and a productivity of 0.5 g/l/h
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CLONED (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
gene pobA, DNA and amino acid sequence determination and analysis and tree, sequence comparisons and phylogenetic analysis, recombinant expression of optimized enzyme, subcloning in Escherichia coli strain DH5alpha
gene Reut_B5020, DNA sequence comparisons and phylogenetic analysis and tree, recombinant expression of the codon-optimized gene in Acinetobacter sp. ADP1
gene pobA, DNA and amino acid sequence determination and analysis and tree, sequence comparisons and phylogenetic analysis, recombinant expression of optimized enzyme, subcloning in Escherichia coli strain DH5alpha
gene pobA, DNA and amino acid sequence determination and analysis and tree, sequence comparisons and phylogenetic analysis, recombinant expression of optimized enzyme, subcloning in Escherichia coli strain DH5alpha