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Information on EC 1.1.5.14 - fructose 5-dehydrogenase
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1.1.5.14 fructose 5-dehydrogenaseIUBMB Comments
The enzyme, characterized from the bacterium Gluconobacter japonicus, is a heterotrimer composed of an FAD-containing large subunit, a small subunit, and a heme c-containing subunit, which is responsible for anchoring the complex to the cytoplasmic membrane and for transferring the electrons to ubiquinone.
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Word Map
- 1.1.5.14
-
electrode
-
biosensors
-
amperometric
-
gluconobacter
- 5-ketofructose
-
oxydans
-
biocathode
-
bioelectrode
-
bioanode
-
tetrathiafulvalene
- 5-keto-d-fructose
- biotechnology
- food industry
- analysis
- synthesis
- biofuel production
- industry
The enzyme appears in viruses and cellular organisms
Reaction Schemes
+
an ubiquinone
=
+
an ubiquinol
Synonyms
fructose dehydrogenase, d-fructose dehydrogenase, fdhscl, 
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SYNONYM 
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY 
LITERATURE
D-fructose dehydrogenase
dehydrogenase, fructose 5- (acceptor)
-
-
-
-
FDH
FdhL
FdhS
fdhSCL
fructose dehydrogenase
D-fructose dehydrogenase
-
-
-
-
D-fructose dehydrogenase
-
-
FDH
-
-
-
-
FDH
-
-
fdhSCL
-
gene name of the flavoprotein-cytochrome c complex fructose dehydrogenase
fdhSCL
-
gene name of the flavoprotein-cytochrome c complex fructose dehydrogenase
-
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REACTION
REACTION DIAGRAM
COMMENTARY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
D-fructose + an ubiquinone = 5-dehydro-D-fructose + an ubiquinol
-
-
-
-
D-fructose + acceptor = 5-dehydro-D-fructose + reduced acceptor
ping-pong mechanism
-
D-fructose + acceptor = 5-dehydro-D-fructose + reduced acceptor
-
-
-
-
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REACTION TYPE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
oxidation
-
-
-
-
redox reaction
-
-
-
-
reduction
-
-
-
-
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SYSTEMATIC NAME
IUBMB Comments
D-fructose:ubiquinone 5-oxidoreductase
The enzyme, characterized from the bacterium Gluconobacter japonicus, is a heterotrimer composed of an FAD-containing large subunit, a small subunit, and a heme c-containing subunit, which is responsible for anchoring the complex to the cytoplasmic membrane and for transferring the electrons to ubiquinone.
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CAS REGISTRY NUMBER
COMMENTARY
37250-85-4
-
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SUBSTRATE
PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
D-(-)fructose + 2,6-dichloroindophenol
5-dehydro-D-(-)-fructose + reduced 2,6-dichloroindophenol
D-fructose + 1,1'-dimethylferricenium ion
5-dehydro-D-fructose + 1,1'-dimethylferrocenium ion
-
-
-
-
?
D-fructose + 2,3-dimethoxy-5-farnesyl-1,4-benzoquinone
5-dehydro-D-fructose + 2,3-dimethoxy-5-farnesyl-1,4-benzoquinol
D-fructose + 2,3-dimethoxy-5-methyl-1,4-benzoquinone
5-dehydro-D-fructose + 2,3-dimethoxy-5-methyl-1,4-benzoquinol
D-fructose + 2,5-bis[methyl(phenyl)amino]cyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione
5-dehydro-D-fructose + 2,5-bis[methyl(phenyl)amino]benzene-1,4-diol
-
-
-
-
?
D-fructose + 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol
5-dehydro-D-fructose + reduced 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol
D-fructose + 2-(2-fluoroanilino)cyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione
5-dehydro-D-fructose + 2-(2-fluoroanilino)benzene-1,4-diol
-
-
-
-
?
D-fructose + 2-(2-methoxyanilino)cyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione
5-dehydro-D-fructose + 2-(2-methoxyanilino)benzene-1,4-diol
-
-
-
-
?
D-fructose + 2-(3-nitroanilino)cyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione
5-dehydro-D-fructose + 2-(3-nitroanilino)benzene-1,4-diol
-
-
-
-
?
D-fructose + 2-(4-fluoroanilino)cyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione
5-dehydro-D-fructose + 2-(4-fluoroanilino)benzene-1,4-diol
-
-
-
-
?
D-fructose + 2-(4-methoxyanilino)cyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione
5-dehydro-D-fructose + 2-(4-methoxyanilino)benzene-1,4-diol
-
-
-
-
?
D-fructose + 2-[methyl(phenyl)amino]cyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione
5-dehydro-D-fructose + 2-[methyl(phenyl)amino]benzene-1,4-diol
-
-
-
-
?
D-fructose + 7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane
5-dehydro-D-fructose + reduced 7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane
-
-
-
-
?
D-fructose + acceptor
2-dehydro-D-fructose + reduced acceptor
-
direct electron-transfer bioelectrocatalytic oxidation, DET-type
-
-
?
D-fructose + electron acceptor
5-dehydro-D-fructose + reduced electron acceptor
-
-
-
-
?
D-fructose + oxidized 1-methoxy-5-methylphenazinium methylsulfate
5-dehydro-D-fructose + reduced 1-methoxy-5-methylphenazinium methylsulfate
-
-
-
-
?
D-fructose + [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide]
5-dehydro-D-fructose + [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] formazan
-
in the presence of phenazine methosulfate
-
-
?
fructose + 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol
5-dehydro-D-fructose + reduced 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol
D-(-)fructose + 2,6-dichloroindophenol
5-dehydro-D-(-)-fructose + reduced 2,6-dichloroindophenol
-
-
-
-
?
D-(-)fructose + 2,6-dichloroindophenol
5-dehydro-D-(-)-fructose + reduced 2,6-dichloroindophenol
Gluconobacter japonicus NCBR 3260
-
-
-
-
?
D-(-)fructose + cytochrome c
5-dehydro-D-(-)-fructose + reduced cytochrome c
-
-
-
-
?
D-(-)fructose + cytochrome c
5-dehydro-D-(-)-fructose + reduced cytochrome c
Gluconobacter japonicus NCBR 3260
-
-
-
-
?
D-(-)fructose + potassium ferricyanide
5-dehydro-D-(-)-fructose + potassium ferrocyanide
-
-
-
-
?
D-(-)fructose + potassium ferricyanide
5-dehydro-D-(-)-fructose + potassium ferrocyanide
Gluconobacter japonicus NCBR 3260
-
-
-
-
?
D-fructose + 2,3-dimethoxy-5-farnesyl-1,4-benzoquinone
5-dehydro-D-fructose + 2,3-dimethoxy-5-farnesyl-1,4-benzoquinol
-
-
-
-
?
D-fructose + 2,3-dimethoxy-5-farnesyl-1,4-benzoquinone
5-dehydro-D-fructose + 2,3-dimethoxy-5-farnesyl-1,4-benzoquinol
-
-
-
-
?
D-fructose + 2,3-dimethoxy-5-methyl-1,4-benzoquinone
5-dehydro-D-fructose + 2,3-dimethoxy-5-methyl-1,4-benzoquinol
-
-
-
-
?
D-fructose + 2,3-dimethoxy-5-methyl-1,4-benzoquinone
5-dehydro-D-fructose + 2,3-dimethoxy-5-methyl-1,4-benzoquinol
-
-
-
-
?
D-fructose + 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol
5-dehydro-D-fructose + reduced 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol
-
most effective electron acceptor
-
-
?
D-fructose + 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol
5-dehydro-D-fructose + reduced 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol
-
-
-
?
D-fructose + 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol
5-dehydro-D-fructose + reduced 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol
-
-
-
?
D-fructose + acceptor
5-dehydro-D-fructose + reduced acceptor
-
-
-
-
?
D-fructose + acceptor
5-dehydro-D-fructose + reduced acceptor
-
-
-
-
?
D-fructose + acceptor
5-dehydro-D-fructose + reduced acceptor
-
involved in utilization of D-fructose by acetic acid bacteria
-
-
?
D-fructose + acceptor
5-dehydro-D-fructose + reduced acceptor
-
-
-
-
?
D-fructose + an ubiquinone
5-dehydro-D-fructose + an ubiquinol
-
-
-
-
?
D-fructose + an ubiquinone
5-dehydro-D-fructose + an ubiquinol
-
-
-
-
?
D-fructose + ferricyanide
5-dehydro-D-fructose + ferrocyanide
-
-
-
-
?
D-fructose + ferricyanide
5-dehydro-D-fructose + ferrocyanide
-
-
-
-
?
D-fructose + ferricyanide
5-dehydro-D-fructose + ferrocyanide
-
-
-
-
?
D-fructose + ferricyanide
5-dehydro-D-fructose + ferrocyanide
-
-
-
?
D-fructose + ferricyanide
5-dehydro-D-fructose + ferrocyanide
-
-
-
?
D-fructose + ferricyanide
5-dehydro-D-fructose + ferrocyanide
-
-
-
-
?
D-fructose + ferricyanide
5-dehydro-D-fructose + ferrocyanide
-
-
-
-
?
D-fructose + nitro blue tetrazolium
5-dehydro-D-fructose + ?
-
-
-
?
D-fructose + nitro blue tetrazolium
5-dehydro-D-fructose + ?
-
-
-
?
D-fructose + oxidized electron acceptor
5-dehydro-D-fructose + reduced electron acceptor
-
-
-
-
?
D-fructose + oxidized electron acceptor
5-dehydro-D-fructose + reduced electron acceptor
-
-
-
-
?
D-fructose + phenazine methosulfate
5-dehydro-D-fructose + ?
-
-
-
?
D-fructose + phenazine methosulfate
5-dehydro-D-fructose + ?
-
-
-
?
D-fructose + potassium ferricyanide
5-dehydro-D-fructose + potassium ferrocyanide
-
-
-
-
?
D-fructose + potassium ferricyanide
5-dehydro-D-fructose + potassium ferrocyanide
-
-
-
-
?
D-fructose + potassium ferricyanide
5-dehydro-D-fructose + potassium ferrocyanide
-
-
-
-
?
D-fructose + potassium ferricyanide
5-dehydro-D-fructose + potassium ferrocyanide
Gluconobacter japonicus NCBR 3260
-
-
-
-
?
D-fructose + ubiquinone
5-dehydro-D-fructose + ubiquinol
-
-
-
-
?
fructose + 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol
5-dehydro-D-fructose + reduced 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol
-
-
-
-
?
fructose + 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol
5-dehydro-D-fructose + reduced 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol
Gluconobacter japonicus LMG 1281
-
-
-
-
?
fructose + an ubiquinone
5-dehydro-D-fructose + an ubiquinol
-
-
-
-
?
fructose + an ubiquinone
5-dehydro-D-fructose + an ubiquinol
Gluconobacter japonicus LMG 1281
-
-
-
-
?
fructose + phenazine methosulfate
5-dehydro-D-fructose + reduced phenazine methosulfate
-
-
-
-
?
fructose + phenazine methosulfate
5-dehydro-D-fructose + reduced phenazine methosulfate
Gluconobacter japonicus LMG 1281
-
-
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
oxygen is completely inactive as an electron acceptor
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
when FDH is adsorbed onto a porous carbon electrode surface, it can transfer electrons from D-fructose to the electrode directly without a mediator
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
cells producing only subunits FdhS and FdhL have no fructose-oxidizing activity, but show significantly high D-fructose:ferricyanide oxidoreductase activity in the soluble fraction of cell extracts, whereas the cells producing the FDH complex show activity in the membrane fraction
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
subunit II is equivalent to the cytochrome domain and acts as electron acceptor to the catalytic subunit I of the heterotrimeric enzyme
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
-
cells producing only subunits FdhS and FdhL have no fructose-oxidizing activity, but show significantly high D-fructose:ferricyanide oxidoreductase activity in the soluble fraction of cell extracts, whereas the cells producing the FDH complex show activity in the membrane fraction
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
Gluconobacter japonicus NCBR 3260
-
subunit II is equivalent to the cytochrome domain and acts as electron acceptor to the catalytic subunit I of the heterotrimeric enzyme
-
-
-
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NATURAL SUBSTRATE
NATURAL PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
REVERSIBILITY
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
additional information
?
-
-
oxygen is completely inactive as an electron acceptor
-
-
?
D-fructose + acceptor
5-dehydro-D-fructose + reduced acceptor
-
-
-
-
?
D-fructose + acceptor
5-dehydro-D-fructose + reduced acceptor
-
-
-
-
?
D-fructose + acceptor
5-dehydro-D-fructose + reduced acceptor
-
involved in utilization of D-fructose by acetic acid bacteria
-
-
?
D-fructose + acceptor
5-dehydro-D-fructose + reduced acceptor
-
-
-
-
?
D-fructose + an ubiquinone
5-dehydro-D-fructose + an ubiquinol
-
-
-
-
?
D-fructose + an ubiquinone
5-dehydro-D-fructose + an ubiquinol
-
-
-
-
?
D-fructose + oxidized electron acceptor
5-dehydro-D-fructose + reduced electron acceptor
-
-
-
-
?
D-fructose + oxidized electron acceptor
5-dehydro-D-fructose + reduced electron acceptor
-
-
-
-
?
D-fructose + ubiquinone
5-dehydro-D-fructose + ubiquinol
-
-
-
-
?
fructose + an ubiquinone
5-dehydro-D-fructose + an ubiquinol
-
-
-
-
?
fructose + an ubiquinone
5-dehydro-D-fructose + an ubiquinol
Gluconobacter japonicus LMG 1281
-
-
-
-
?
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COFACTOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
pyrroloquinoline quinone
-
quinohemoprotein. Enzyme has two active centers: cytochrome c and pyrroloquinoline quinone
cytochrome c
-
contains a cytochrome c like electron carrier, tightly bound
cytochrome c
-
the cytochrome c subunit is responsible not only for membrane anchoring but also for ubiquinone reduction
FAD
-
-
739769, 739849, 740362, 740364, 740369, 760332, 760337, 760656, 760973, 760974, 760975, 760976, 760977, 761572, 761604
heme
-
quinohemoprotein. Enzyme has two active centers: cytochrome c and pyrroloquinoline quinone
heme c
-
-
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METALS and IONS
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
Ca2+
Mg2+
-
the addition of Mg2+ has an increasing effect on the catalytic efficiency of the enzyme
Ca2+
-
the addition of Mg2+ has an increasing effect on the catalytic efficiency of the enzyme
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INHIBITOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
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KM VALUE [mM]
SUBSTRATE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
10
D-fructose
-
in presence of 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol, 67 mM, pH 5.5, 15°C
10
D-fructose
-
irreversibly adsorbed on Ketjen black - modified glassy carbon electrodes
11
D-fructose
-
Km is determined using FDH adsorbed onto multi-walled carbon nanotubes synthesized on platinum electrode
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TURNOVER NUMBER [1/s]
SUBSTRATE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
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SPECIFIC ACTIVITY [µmol/min/mg]
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
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pH OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
4 - 4.5
4.5
7
-
two pH optima at pH 4.5 and 7.0 with cytochrome c as electron acceptor
4.5
-
two pH optima at pH 4.5 and 7.0 with cytochrome c as electron acceptor
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pH RANGE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
3 - 6
-
highest activity between pH 3.0 and 6.0 with 2,6-dichloroindophenol as electron acceptor
4.5 - 6.4
-
pH 4.5: about 85% of maximal activity, pH 6.4: about 50% of maximal activity
4.5 - 6.5
-
enzymatic activity is significantly inhibited at pH lower than 4.5 or higher than 6.5
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TEMPERATURE OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
35
-
temperature optimum of enzyme immobilized on nanoporous gold electrodes
37
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pI VALUE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
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ORGANISM
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
UNIPROT
SEQUENCE DB
SOURCE
