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1,3,6,8-tetrahydroxynaphthalene + NADPH + H+
(R)-scytalone + NADP+
1,3,8-trihydroxynaphthalene + NADPH + H+
(R)-vermelone + NADP+
1-tetralone + NADPH + H+
1-tetralol + NADP+
2,3-dihydronaphthalene-1,4-dione + NADPH + H+
(S)-4-hydroxy-1-tetralone + NADP+
2,3-epoxy-1,4-naphthoquinone + NADPH + H+
(1aS,7R,7aS)-7-hydroxy-7,7a-dihydronaphtho[2,3-b]oxiren-2(1aH)-one + NADP+
2-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone + 2 NADPH + H+
(3S,4R)-3,4-dihydroxy-1-tetralone + 2 NADP+
i.e. lawsone, enzyme T4HNR exhibits high diastereoselectivity (cis/trans99:1), high enantiomeric excess (over 99% ee), and 90% yield. The putative two-step enzymatic formation of cis-ketodiol from 2-hydroxyquinone lawsone does not involve the hydroquinone. Stable 1,4-diketo tautomer intermediate
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2-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone + NADPH + H+
cis-3,4-dihydroxy-1-tetralone + NADP+
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3,4-dihydro-1(2H)-naphthalenone + NADPH + H+
1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalen-1-ol + NADP+
5-hydroxy-2,3-dihydronaphthalene-1,4-dione + NADPH + H+
(S)-4,8-dihydroxy-1-tetralone + NADP+
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flaviolin + NADPH + H+
cis-(3S,4R)-4-hydroxyscytalone + NADP+
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additional information
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1,3,6,8-tetrahydroxynaphthalene + NADPH + H+

(R)-scytalone + NADP+
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1,3,6,8-tetrahydroxynaphthalene + NADPH + H+
(R)-scytalone + NADP+
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1,3,8-trihydroxynaphthalene + NADPH + H+

(R)-vermelone + NADP+
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1,3,8-trihydroxynaphthalene + NADPH + H+
(R)-vermelone + NADP+
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1-tetralone + NADPH + H+

1-tetralol + NADP+
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1-tetralone + NADPH + H+
1-tetralol + NADP+
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2,3-dihydronaphthalene-1,4-dione + NADPH + H+

(S)-4-hydroxy-1-tetralone + NADP+
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2,3-dihydronaphthalene-1,4-dione + NADPH + H+
(S)-4-hydroxy-1-tetralone + NADP+
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2,3-epoxy-1,4-naphthoquinone + NADPH + H+

(1aS,7R,7aS)-7-hydroxy-7,7a-dihydronaphtho[2,3-b]oxiren-2(1aH)-one + NADP+
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2,3-epoxy-1,4-naphthoquinone + NADPH + H+
(1aS,7R,7aS)-7-hydroxy-7,7a-dihydronaphtho[2,3-b]oxiren-2(1aH)-one + NADP+
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3,4-dihydro-1(2H)-naphthalenone + NADPH + H+

1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalen-1-ol + NADP+
3,4-dihydro-1(2H)-naphthalenone i.e. alpha-tetralone. The enzyme does not show activity on a large number of alcohols, aldehydes or ketones. It is active only with alpha-tetralone as substrate
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3,4-dihydro-1(2H)-naphthalenone + NADPH + H+
1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalen-1-ol + NADP+
3,4-dihydro-1(2H)-naphthalenone i.e. alpha-tetralone. The enzyme does not show activity on a large number of alcohols, aldehydes or ketones. It is active only with alpha-tetralone as substrate
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additional information

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NADPH-dependent enzymatic reduction of 2-hydroxynaphthoquinones, resulting in 3,4-dihydroxy-1-tetralones, proceeds via the stable 1,4-diketo tautomer of the hydronaphthoquinones. No activity with 1,2,4-trihydroxynaphthalene. Hydronaphthoquinone tautomers play an unprecedented and essential role in the biosynthesis of many natural products and are involved in breaking the redox cycle of quinones-hydroquinones. Menadione epoxide is a poor substrate
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additional information
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NADPH-dependent enzymatic reduction of 2-hydroxynaphthoquinones, resulting in 3,4-dihydroxy-1-tetralones, proceeds via the stable 1,4-diketo tautomer of the hydronaphthoquinones. No activity with 1,2,4-trihydroxynaphthalene. Hydronaphthoquinone tautomers play an unprecedented and essential role in the biosynthesis of many natural products and are involved in breaking the redox cycle of quinones-hydroquinones. Menadione epoxide is a poor substrate
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evolution

enzyme T4HNR is a member of the short-chain dehydrogenases/ reductases (SDR) enzyme family
evolution
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enzyme T4HNR is a member of the short-chain dehydrogenases/ reductases (SDR) enzyme family
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metabolism

the enzyme plays an integral part in the biosynthesis of 1,8-dihydroxynaphthalene (DHN) melanin, a virulence factor of many filamentous fungi, together with scytalone dehydratase, pathway overview. DHN melanin biosynthesis constitutes a diversity-oriented metabolic network, comprising vicinal ketodiol and 4-hydroxy-1-tetralone biosyntheses as branching points. Polyhydroxynaphthalene reductases are involved in promiscuous reduction reactions, reflecting the idea of a matrix biosynthetic pathway, involvement of polyhydroxynaphthalene reductases in spirodioxynaphthalene biosynthesis
metabolism
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the enzyme plays an integral part in the biosynthesis of 1,8-dihydroxynaphthalene (DHN) melanin, a virulence factor of many filamentous fungi, together with scytalone dehydratase, pathway overview. DHN melanin biosynthesis constitutes a diversity-oriented metabolic network, comprising vicinal ketodiol and 4-hydroxy-1-tetralone biosyntheses as branching points. Polyhydroxynaphthalene reductases are involved in promiscuous reduction reactions, reflecting the idea of a matrix biosynthetic pathway, involvement of polyhydroxynaphthalene reductases in spirodioxynaphthalene biosynthesis
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physiological function

the enzyme plays an integral part in the biosynthesis of 1,8-dihydroxynaphthalene (DHN) melanin, a virulence factor of many filamentous fungi, togeher with scytalone dehydratase, pathway overview. Hundreds of metabolites, such as the dalmanols, balticols, 3,4-dihydroxy-1-tetralones, 4-hydroxy-1-tetralones, and spirodioxynaphthalenes are derived from the intermediate polyhydroxynaphthalenes
physiological function
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the enzyme plays an integral part in the biosynthesis of 1,8-dihydroxynaphthalene (DHN) melanin, a virulence factor of many filamentous fungi, togeher with scytalone dehydratase, pathway overview. Hundreds of metabolites, such as the dalmanols, balticols, 3,4-dihydroxy-1-tetralones, 4-hydroxy-1-tetralones, and spirodioxynaphthalenes are derived from the intermediate polyhydroxynaphthalenes
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Vitale, A.; Rosso, F.; Barbarisi, A.; Labella, T.; D'Auria, S.
Properties and evolution of an alcohol dehydrogenase from the Crenarchaeota Pyrobaculum aerophilum
Gene
461
26-31
2010
Pyrobaculum aerophilum (Q8ZUP0), Pyrobaculum aerophilum DSM 7523 (Q8ZUP0)
brenda
Vitale, A.; Thorne, N.; Lovell, S.; Battaile, K.P.; Hu, X.; Shen, M.; D'Auria, S.; Auld, D.S.
Physicochemical characterization of a thermostable alcohol dehydrogenase from Pyrobaculum aerophilum
PLoS One
8
e63828
2013
Pyrobaculum aerophilum (Q8ZUP0), Pyrobaculum aerophilum DSM 7523 (Q8ZUP0)
brenda
Husain, S.; Schaetzle, M.; Luedeke, S.; Mueller, M.
Unprecedented role of hydronaphthoquinone tautomers in biosynthesis
Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl.
53
9806-9811
2014
Pyricularia grisea (Q12634), Pyricularia grisea ATCC MYA-4617 (Q12634)
brenda