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Enzyme Nomenclature
Information on EC 1.1.1.B20 - meso-2,3-butandiol dehydrogenase
for references in articles please use BRENDA:EC1.1.1.B20
Word Map on EC 1.1.1.B20
- 1.1.1.B20
-
klebsiella
- pneumoniae
-
fed-batch
-
2s,3s-2,3-butanediol
- diacetyl
-
nadh-dependent
-
biofuels
-
fuel
-
hydrolysate
-
short-chain
- 1,4-butanediol
-
refolding
-
bioconversion
-
byproduct
- synthesis
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Specify your search results
The expected taxonomic range for this enzyme is: Bacteria, Eukaryota
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EC NUMBER 
COMMENTARY 
1.1.1.B20
preliminary BRENDA-supplied EC number
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RECOMMENDED NAME
GeneOntology No.
meso-2,3-butandiol dehydrogenase
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REACTION
REACTION DIAGRAM
COMMENTARY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
(2R,3S)-butane-2,3-diol + NAD+ = acetoin + NADH + H+
catalytic triad is formed by residues Ser139, Tyr 152, and Lys156
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(2R,3S)-butane-2,3-diol + NAD+ = acetoin + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
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REACTION TYPE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
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SYSTEMATIC NAME
IUBMB Comments
(2R,3S)-butane-2,3-diol:NAD+ oxidoreductase
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ORGANISM
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
UNIPROT
SEQUENCE DB
SOURCE
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GENERAL INFORMATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
evolution
malfunction
metabolism
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pathways for the synthesis of 2,3-butanediol in bacteria, overview
physiological function
additional information
evolution
the enzyme belongs to the shortchain dehydrogenase/reductase superfamily
evolution
-
the enzyme belongs to the short chain dehydrogenase/reductase family
evolution
-
the enzyme belongs to the short chain dehydrogenase/reductase family
-
evolution
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the enzyme belongs to the shortchain dehydrogenase/reductase superfamily
-
malfunction
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the budC knockout strain produces only the D-2,3-butanediol isomer with high yield and productivity. Deletion of budC gene causes a slight decrease (about 5-10%) in cell growth
malfunction
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the budC knockout strain produces only the D-2,3-butanediol isomer with high yield and productivity. Deletion of budC gene causes a slight decrease (about 5-10%) in cell growth
-
physiological function
-
deletion of BDH1 results in an accumulation of acetoin and a diminution of 2,3-butanediol in two Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains under two different growth conditions
physiological function
2,3-butanediol dehydrogenase (BDH) catalyzes the interconversion between acetoin and 2,3-butanediol and is a key enzyme for 2,3-butanediol production
physiological function
-
budC encodes the major meso-2,3-butanediol dehydrogenase catalyzing the reversible reaction from acetoin to meso-2,3-butanediol in Bacillus licheniformis
physiological function
-
2,3-butanediol dehydrogenase (BDH) catalyzes the interconversion between acetoin and 2,3-butanediol and is a key enzyme for 2,3-butanediol production
-
physiological function
-
budC encodes the major meso-2,3-butanediol dehydrogenase catalyzing the reversible reaction from acetoin to meso-2,3-butanediol in Bacillus licheniformis
-
additional information
the enzyme possesses two conserved sequences including the coenzyme binding motif (GxxxGxG) and the active-site motif (YxxxK)
additional information
-
the enzyme possesses two conserved sequences including the coenzyme binding motif (GxxxGxG) and the active-site motif (YxxxK)
additional information
-
the enzyme possesses two conserved sequences including the coenzyme binding motif (GxxxGxG) and the active-site motif (YxxxK)
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SUBSTRATE
PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
(2S,3S)-2,3-butanediol + NAD+
(3S)-acetoin + NADH
-
(2S,3S)-2,3-butanediol is a poor substrate
-
-
?
2 (R,S)-acetoin + 2 NADPH + 2 H+
(2S,3S)-2,3-butanediol + meso-2,3-butanediol + NADP+
-
-
Ara1p is selective toward the acetoin carbonyl group, leading to an S-alcohol
-
r
2 acetoin + 2 NADH + 2 H+
(2S,3S)-2,3-butanediol + meso-2,3-butanediol + 2 NAD+
-
racemic mixture of (3S/3R)-acetoin
-
-
r
meso-2,3-butanediol + NADP+
(R)-acetoin + NADPH + H+
very low activity
-
-
r
(2S,3S)-2,3-butanediol + NAD+
(3S)-acetoin + NADH + H+
low activity
-
-
r
(2S,3S)-2,3-butanediol + NAD+
(3S)-acetoin + NADH + H+
low activity
-
-
r
(3R)-acetoin + NADH + H+
meso-2,3-butanediol + NAD+
-
-
-
r
(3R)-acetoin + NADH + H+
meso-2,3-butanediol + NAD+
-
low activity in vivo
-
-
r
(3S)-acetoin + NADH + H+
(2S,3S)-2,3-butanediol + NAD+
at pH 9.0
-
-
r
(3S)-acetoin + NADH + H+
(2S,3S)-2,3-butanediol + NAD+
at pH 9.0
-
-
r
(R)-acetoin + NADH + H+
meso-2,3-butanediol + NAD+
preferred reaction direction
-
-
r
(R)-acetoin + NADH + H+
meso-2,3-butanediol + NAD+
-
-
-
r
(R)-acetoin + NADH + H+
meso-2,3-butanediol + NAD+
preferred reaction direction
-
-
r
(R)-acetoin + NADPH + H+
meso-2,3-butanediol + NADP+
very low activity
-
-
r
(R)-acetoin + NADPH + H+
meso-2,3-butanediol + NADP+
very low activity
-
-
r
4-methyl-2-pentanone + NADH + H+
4-methyl-2-pentanol + NAD+
-
low activity
-
-
r
4-methyl-2-pentanone + NADH + H+
4-methyl-2-pentanol + NAD+
-
low activity
-
-
r
acetoin + NADH + H+
meso-2,3-butanediol + NAD+
racemic mixture of (3S/3R)-acetoin
-
-
r
acetoin + NADH + H+
meso-2,3-butanediol + NAD+
racemic mixture of (3S/3R)-acetoin
-
-
r
meso-2,3-butanediol + NAD+
(R)-acetoin + NADH + H+
-
-
-
r
meso-2,3-butanediol + NAD+
(R)-acetoin + NADH + H+
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the (S)-specific ADH-9 produces (R)-acetoin by an oxidative route starting from meso-2,3-butanediol
-
-
r
meso-2,3-butanediol + NAD+
(R)-acetoin + NADH + H+
-
enantioselective enzymatic synthesis of the alpha-hydroxy ketone(R)-acetoin from meso-2,3-butanediol
-
-
r
additional information
?
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stereoisomeric composition analysis of 2,3-butanediol produced by strain 10-1-A using gas chromatography. Strain 10-1-A produces a mixture of (2R,3R)-2,3-butanediol and meso-2,3-butanediol with a ratio of nearly 1:1. As (3R)-acetoin is the major source of (2R,3R)-2,3-butanediol and meso-2,3-butanediol, a meso-butanediol dehydrogenase and a (2R,3R)-2,3-butanediol dehydrogenase are co-present in strain 10-1-A
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
stereoisomeric composition analysis of 2,3-butanediol produced by strain 10-1-A using gas chromatography. Strain 10-1-A produces a mixture of (2R,3R)-2,3-butanediol and meso-2,3-butanediol with a ratio of nearly 1:1. As (3R)-acetoin is the major source of (2R,3R)-2,3-butanediol and meso-2,3-butanediol, a meso-butanediol dehydrogenase and a (2R,3R)-2,3-butanediol dehydrogenase are co-present in strain 10-1-A
-
-
-
additional information
?
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meso-2,3-butanediol dehydrogenase (BDH) catalyzes the redox reaction between (R)-acetoin and meso-2,3-butanediol
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
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NMR identification and quantification of reaction products. Meso-2,3-butanediol is the major form (over 95% of the 2,3-butanediol pool, depending on oxygen availability) produced in fermentations using a strain that overexpresses ALS/ALDC of Lactobacillus lactis and BDH of Corynebacterium glutamicum, i.e., strain DELTAaceEDELTApqoDELTAldhA(pEKEx2als,aldB,butACg)
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
the enzyme is also active with diacetyl and NADH
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
the enzyme is also active with diacetyl and NADH
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
-
the enzyme is highly stereospecific, and shows no significant activities towards 2R,3R-2,3-butanediol, 1,4-butanediol, and 2S,3S-2,3-butanediol
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
-
the enzyme is highly stereospecific, and shows no significant activities towards 2R,3R-2,3-butanediol, 1,4-butanediol, and 2S,3S-2,3-butanediol
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
(2R,3R)-2,3-butanediol is no substrate for the enzyme
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
-
(2R,3R)-2,3-butanediol is no substrate for the enzyme
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
(2R,3R)-2,3-butanediol is no substrate for the enzyme
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
-
(2R,3R)-2,3-butanediol is no substrate for the enzyme
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
-
reaction component identification and quantification by GC-MS. No or very poor activity with isopropanol 2-methyl-1-butanol, 2-methyl-2-butanol, 2,5-hexanediol, 1,4-butanediol
-
-
-
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NATURAL SUBSTRATES
NATURAL PRODUCTS
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
REVERSIBILITY
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
(3R)-acetoin + NADH + H+
meso-2,3-butanediol + NAD+
-
low activity in vivo
-
-
r
(R)-acetoin + NADH + H+
meso-2,3-butanediol + NAD+
A0A0H3FZT7
-
-
-
r
acetoin + NADH + H+
meso-2,3-butanediol + NAD+
X5F726
racemic mixture of (3S/3R)-acetoin
-
-
r
acetoin + NADH + H+
meso-2,3-butanediol + NAD+
X5F726
racemic mixture of (3S/3R)-acetoin
-
-
r
meso-2,3-butanediol + NAD+
(R)-acetoin + NADH + H+
A0A0H3FZT7
-
-
-
r
meso-2,3-butanediol + NAD+
(R)-acetoin + NADH + H+
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the (S)-specific ADH-9 produces (R)-acetoin by an oxidative route starting from meso-2,3-butanediol
-
-
r
additional information
?
-
X5F726
stereoisomeric composition analysis of 2,3-butanediol produced by strain 10-1-A using gas chromatography. Strain 10-1-A produces a mixture of (2R,3R)-2,3-butanediol and meso-2,3-butanediol with a ratio of nearly 1:1. As (3R)-acetoin is the major source of (2R,3R)-2,3-butanediol and meso-2,3-butanediol, a meso-butanediol dehydrogenase and a (2R,3R)-2,3-butanediol dehydrogenase are co-present in strain 10-1-A
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
X5F726
stereoisomeric composition analysis of 2,3-butanediol produced by strain 10-1-A using gas chromatography. Strain 10-1-A produces a mixture of (2R,3R)-2,3-butanediol and meso-2,3-butanediol with a ratio of nearly 1:1. As (3R)-acetoin is the major source of (2R,3R)-2,3-butanediol and meso-2,3-butanediol, a meso-butanediol dehydrogenase and a (2R,3R)-2,3-butanediol dehydrogenase are co-present in strain 10-1-A
-
-
-
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COFACTOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
additional information
the enzyme prefers NAD+as a coenzyme
-
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METALS and IONS
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
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INHIBITORS
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
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KM VALUE [mM]
SUBSTRATE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
0.23
acetoin
-
racemic (R/S)-acetoin, pH 7.0, 30°C, recombinant enzyme
additional information
additional information
thermodynamics
-
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TURNOVER NUMBER [1/s]
SUBSTRATE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
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Ki VALUE [mM]
INHIBITOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
0.52
2-mercaptoethanol
-
pH 8.0, temperature not specified in the publication
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SPECIFIC ACTIVITY [µmol/min/mg]
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
0.3
-
recombinant Escherichia coli strain BL21(DE3) expressing wild-type BDH, pH 7.0, 30°C
1.1
-
mutant N146F, substrate (2S,3S)-2,3-butanediol, pH 8.0, 37°C
2.17
AEF50077;
crude extracet of Escherichia coli cells expressing the enzyme from plasmid pET-mbdh-nox-vgb, pH 8.0, 22°C
2.37
purified recombinant enzyme, pH 7.6, 37°C, substrates meso-2,3-butanediol and NADP+
2.47
AEF50077;
crude extracet of Escherichia coli cells expressing the enzyme from plasmid pET-mbdh-nox, pH 8.0, 22°C
2.9
3.1
-
mutant Q140I/N146F, substrate (2,3S)-2,3-butanediol, pH 8.0, 37°C
3.32
AEF50077;
crude extracet of Escherichia coli cells expressing the enzyme from plasmid pET-mbdh, pH 8.0, 22°C
4.5
-
mutant Q140I/N146F, substrate meso-2,3-butanediol, pH 8.0, 37°C
21
-
purified reconstituted, recombinant enzyme, reduction of 4-methyl-2-pentanone, pH 8.0, 35°C
66
-
purified reconstituted, recombinant enzyme, oxidation of meso-2,3-butanediol, pH 8.0, 35°C
119.55
purified recombinant enzyme, pH 7.6, 37°C, substrates meso-2,3-butanediol and NAD+
218
-
purified reconstituted, recombinant enzyme, reduction of acetoin, pH 8.0, 35°C
461.67
purified recombinant enzyme, pH 7.6, 37°C, substrates acetoin and NADH
2.9
-
mutant Q140I/N146F/W190H, substrate (2S,3S)-2,3-butanediol, pH 8.0, 37°C
2.9
purified recombinant enzyme, pH 7.6, 37°C, substrates acetoin and NADPH
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pH OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
7.6
8
maximal activity of diacetyl reduction and meso-2,3-butanediol oxidation
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TEMPERATURE OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
37
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SOURCE TISSUE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
SOURCE
additional information
additional information
optimization of culture conditions or strain 10-1-A and production of enzyme meso-2,3-BDH, overview
additional information
-
optimization of culture conditions or strain 10-1-A and production of enzyme meso-2,3-BDH, overview
-
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LOCALIZATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
GeneOntology No.
LITERATURE
SOURCE
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Crystallization/COMMENTARY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
in complex with substrate meso-2,3-butanediol and inhibitor 2-mercaptoethanol, to 1.7 A resolution. The overall strucuture is similar to that of other short chain dehydrogenase/reductase enzymes, the NAD+ binding site, and the positions of catalytic residues Ser139, Tyr152, and Lys156 are also conserved. 2-Mercaptoethanol forms hydrogens bonds with residues Gln 140 and Gly 183 close to the active site, which are important but not sufficient for distiguishing stereoisomerism of a chiral substrate
-
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Purification/COMMENTARY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
lyophilised recombinant ADH-9 from Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) cells by immobilization onto Amberlite FPA54 to 0.01 U per mg carrier
-
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Cloned/COMMENTARY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
ADH-9 gene is identified from a biodiversity library, recombinant expression in Escherichia coli strain BL21/(DE3)
-
gene bdh, DNA and amino acid sequence determination and analysis, sequence comparisons and phylogenetic analysis, functional recombinant expression in Escherichia coli
gene bdh1, phylogenetic analysis, expression in Escherichia coi strain YYC202(DE3) ldhA-/- ilvC? expressing ilvBN from Escherichia coli and aldB from Lactobacillus lactis, encoding acetolactate synthase and acetolactate decarboxylase activities, respectively, disruption of the lactate biosynthesis pathway in the strain increases pyruvate precursor availability to this strain, increased availability of NADH for acetoin reduction to meso-2,3-butanediol is the most important consequence of ldhA deletion
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gene budC , recombinant expression in Escherichia coli strain BL21(DE3)
gene budC, phylogenetic tree, functional recombinant expression in Bacillus subtilis strain 168
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gene budC, recombinant expression of wild-type and mutant enzymes in Escherichia coli strain BL21(DE3)
gene budC, sequence comparisons, expression in Escherichia coli strain BL21(DE3), subcloning in Escherichia coli strain DH5alpha
gene butACg, subcloning in Escherichia coli strain DH5alpha, recombinant expression in Escherichia coli strain BL21(DE3), coexpression with the genes encoding ALS and ALDC of Lactobacillus lactis strain MG1363
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gene mbdh, functional coexpression of Serratia sp. meso-2,3-butanediol dehydrogenase, Lactobacillus brevis NADH oxidase and Vitreoscilla sp. hemoglobin in Escherichia coli strain BL21(DE3)/pET-mbdh-nox-vgb, construction of plasmids pET-mbdh, pET-mbdh-nox, and pET-mbdh-nox-vgb, method optimization
AEF50077;
phylogenetic analysis, enzyme expression in Escherichia coli strains MG1655(DE3) and YYC202(DE3)
-
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ENGINEERING
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
D194G
site-directed mutagenesis, the mutant binds the substrate but is catalytically almost inactive. The mutant is inactive with (2S,3S)-butanediol, meso-butanediol and (2R,3R)-butanediol. D194G enzyme mutant shows a similar secondary structure compared to Enterobacter aerogenes BDH. While the mutant is highly susceptible to protease digestion compared to the wild-type enzyme. Homology modeling of the mutant enzyme, with meso-2,3-butanediol dehydrogenase from Klebsiella pneumoniae, PDB ID 1GEG, as a template, reveals that Gly194 seems to lose the hydrogen bond interactions with the surrounding residues (Gly206, Gly207 and Thr209), resulting in a putative conformational changes of mutant D194G which might be responsible for the loss of activity
moe
-
construction and engineering of Corynebacterium glutamicum strain DELTAaceEDELTApqoDELTAldhA(pEKEx2-als,aldB,butACg). Chromosomal inactivation of the putative BDH gene butACg (cg2958) in strain DELTAaceEDELTApqoDELTAldhA. BDH activity is nearly abolished upon inactivation of butACg indicating that Corynebacterium glutamicum expresses a single BDH under the experimental conditions examined. BDH activity increases 3fold in strain DELTAaceEDELTApqoDELTAldhA(pEKEx2-als,aldB,butACg) compared to the respective control. The inactivation of butACg gene decreases the BDH activity 75fold for the DELTAaceEDELTApqoDELTAldhADELTAbutACg(pEKEx2) strain compared to strain DELTAaceEDELTApqoDELTAldhA(pEKEx2). The major form of 2,3-butanediol is meso-2,3-butandediol, and the ratio meso-2,3-BD/optically active 2,3-BD is 95:5, the main side products are glycerol, ethanol, and acetoin
Q140I/N146F/W190H
-
trace activity below 0.1 U/mg with substrate meso-butanediol, 2.9 U/mg with substrate (2S,3S)-2,3-butanediol
Q140I
-
mutation mimicking the corresponding residue in (S,S)-butanediol dehydrogenase. No activity with substrates meso-butanediol or (S,S)-butanediol
Q140I/N146F
-
mutation mimicking the corresponding residues in (S,S)-butanediol dehydrogenase. Poor activity with substrates meso-butanediol or (S,S)-butanediol
additional information
additional information
-
generation of a mutant strain WX-02 DELTAbudC of Bacillus licheniformis with depleted budC gene that produces high yields of the D-2,3-butanediol isomer with high optimal purity
additional information
-
generation of a mutant strain WX-02 DELTAbudC of Bacillus licheniformis with depleted budC gene that produces high yields of the D-2,3-butanediol isomer with high optimal purity
-
additional information
-
expression of gene bdh1 from Saccharomyces cervisiae in Escherichia coi strain YYC202(DE3) ldhA-/- ilvC-/- expressing ilvBN from Escherichia coli and aldB from Lactobacillus lactis, encoding acetolactate synthase and acetolactate decarboxylase activities, respectively. Disruption of the lactate biosynthesis pathway in the strain increases pyruvate precursor availability to this strain, increased availability of NADH for acetoin reduction to meso-2,3-butanediol is the most important consequence of ldhA deletion. Optimization of 2,3-butanediol production in Escherichia coli, overview
additional information
-
Bacillus subtilis is engineered to produce chiral pure meso-2,3-BD. D-2,3-butanediol production is abolished by deleting D-2,3-butanediol dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.4) coding gene bdhA, and acoA gene is knocked out to prevent the degradation of acetoin, the immediate precursor of 2,3-butanediol. Next, both pta and ldh gene are deleted to decrease the accumulation of the byproducts, acetate and L-lactate. The meso-2,3-butanediol dehydrogenase coding gene from Klebsiella pneumoniae CICC10011 is introduced, as well as alsSD overexpressed in the tetra mutant (DELTAacoADELTAbdhADELTAptaDELTAldh) to achieve the efficient production of chiral meso-2,3-butanediol. Finally, the pool of NADH availability is further increased to facilitate the conversion of meso-2,3-butanediol from acetoin by overexpressing the udhA gene (coding a soluble transhydrogenase) and low dissolved oxygen control during the cultivation. Under microaerobic oxygen conditions, the best strain BSF9 produced 103.7 g/L meso-2,3-butanediol with a yield of 0.487 g/g glucose in the 5-L batch fermenter, and the titer of the main byproduct acetoin is no more than 1.1 g/L. Method optimization. The titer of meso-2,3-butanediol is almost unchanged at 37°C, 42°C, and 46°C, while the meso-2,3-butanediol productivity increases when the cultivation temperature is increased from 37°C to 46°C. The titer and productivity at 50°C decreases by 28.6% and 36.3% compared to those at 37°C
additional information
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Bacillus subtilis is engineered to produce chiral pure meso-2,3-BD. D-2,3-butanediol production is abolished by deleting D-2,3-butanediol dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.4) coding gene bdhA, and acoA gene is knocked out to prevent the degradation of acetoin, the immediate precursor of 2,3-butanediol. Next, both pta and ldh gene are deleted to decrease the accumulation of the byproducts, acetate and L-lactate. The meso-2,3-butanediol dehydrogenase coding gene from Klebsiella pneumoniae CICC10011 is introduced, as well as alsSD overexpressed in the tetra mutant (DELTAacoADELTAbdhADELTAptaDELTAldh) to achieve the efficient production of chiral meso-2,3-butanediol. Finally, the pool of NADH availability is further increased to facilitate the conversion of meso-2,3-butanediol from acetoin by overexpressing the udhA gene (coding a soluble transhydrogenase) and low dissolved oxygen control during the cultivation. Under microaerobic oxygen conditions, the best strain BSF9 produced 103.7 g/L meso-2,3-butanediol with a yield of 0.487 g/g glucose in the 5-L batch fermenter, and the titer of the main byproduct acetoin is no more than 1.1 g/L. Method optimization. The titer of meso-2,3-butanediol is almost unchanged at 37°C, 42°C, and 46°C, while the meso-2,3-butanediol productivity increases when the cultivation temperature is increased from 37°C to 46°C. The titer and productivity at 50°C decreases by 28.6% and 36.3% compared to those at 37°C
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additional information
AEF50077;
efficient (3R)-acetoin production from meso-2,3-butanediol using a whole-cell biocatalyst with coexpression of Serratia sp. meso-2,3-butanediol dehydrogenase, Lactobacillus brevis NADH oxidase and Vitreoscilla sp. hemoglobin
additional information
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efficient (3R)-acetoin production from meso-2,3-butanediol using a whole-cell biocatalyst with coexpression of Serratia sp. meso-2,3-butanediol dehydrogenase, Lactobacillus brevis NADH oxidase and Vitreoscilla sp. hemoglobin
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additional information
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the regeneration of oxidised nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide is a key point in preparative application of dehydrogenases for the oxidative route. An electrochemical regeneration system is successfully combined with the BDH catalysed reaction. Up to 48 mM (R)-acetoin is produced in the reaction system while productivities up to 2 mM/h are reached. Possibility to apply an electrochemical system in a semi-preparative synthesis. Lyophilised recombinant ADH-9 from Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) cells is immobilized onto Amberlite FPA54 to 0.01 U per mg carrier leading to increased productivity compared to the immobilised form, method optimization
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APPLICATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
synthesis
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discovery of the (S)-selective alcohol dehydrogenase enables a novel production process of (R)-acetoin from meso-2,3-butanediol
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