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EC 1.2.1.8 Details
EC number
1.2.1.8
Accepted name
betaine-aldehyde dehydrogenase
Reaction
betaine aldehyde + NAD+ + H2O = betaine + NADH + 2 H+
Other name(s)
betaine aldehyde oxidase, BADH, betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase, BetB
Systematic name
betaine-aldehyde:NAD+ oxidoreductase
CAS registry number
9028-90-4
Comment
In many bacteria, plants and animals, the osmoprotectant betaine is synthesized in two steps: (1) choline to betaine aldehyde and (2) betaine aldehyde to betaine. This enzyme is involved in the second step and appears to be the same in plants, animals and bacteria. In contrast, different enzymes are involved in the first reaction. In plants, this reaction is catalysed by EC 1.14.15.7 (choline monooxygenase), whereas in animals and many bacteria it is catalysed by either membrane-bound EC 1.1.99.1 (choline dehydrogenase) or soluble EC 1.1.3.17 (choline oxidase) [5]. In some bacteria, betaine is synthesized from glycine through the actions of EC 2.1.1.156 (glycine/sarcosine N-methyltransferase) and EC 2.1.1.157 (sarcosine/dimethylglycine N-methyltransferase).
History
created 1961, modified 2005, modified 2011
EC Tree
1.2.1.1 created 1961, modified 1982, modified 2002, deleted 2005
1.2.1.6 created 1961, deleted 1965
1.2.1.14 created 1961, deleted 1984
1.2.1.34 created 1972, deleted 1983 [transferred to EC 1.1.1.180, deleted 1984]
1.2.1.35 created 1972, deleted 1984
1.2.1.37 created 1972, deleted 1984
1.2.1.55 created 1990, deleted 2003
1.2.1.56 created 1990, deleted 2003