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EC 1.1.99.1 Details
EC number
1.1.99.1
Accepted name
choline dehydrogenase
Reaction
choline + acceptor = betaine aldehyde + reduced acceptor
Other name(s)
choline oxidase, choline-cytochrome c reductase, choline:(acceptor) oxidoreductase, choline:(acceptor) 1-oxidoreductase
Systematic name
choline:acceptor 1-oxidoreductase
CAS registry number
9028-67-5
Comment
A quinoprotein. In many bacteria, plants and animals, the osmoprotectant betaine is synthesized using different enzymes to catalyse the conversion of (1) choline into betaine aldehyde and (2) betaine aldehyde into betaine. In plants, the first reaction is catalysed by EC 1.14.15.7, choline monooxygenase, whereas in animals and many bacteria, it is catalysed by either membrane-bound choline dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.99.1) or soluble choline oxidase (EC 1.1.3.17) [4]. The enzyme involved in the second step, EC 1.2.1.8, betaine-aldehyde dehydrogenase, appears to be the same in plants, animals and bacteria.
History
created 1961, modified 1989, modified 2005
EC Tree
1.1.3.1 created 1961, deleted 1984
1.1.3.22 created 1961 as EC 1.2.3.2, transferred 1984 to EC 1.1.3.22, modified 1989, deleted 2004
1.1.3.25 created 1986, deleted 2005
1.1.3.26 created 1989, deleted 2002
1.1.3.31 created 1992, deleted 2003
1.1.3.32 created 1999, deleted 2002
1.1.3.33 created 1999, deleted 2002
1.1.3.34 created 1999, deleted 2002
1.1.3.35 created 1999, deleted 2002
1.1.3.36 created 1999, deleted 2002
1.1.99.15 created 1978, deleted 1980
1.1.99.17 created 1982, deleted 2003