6.2.1.12: 4-coumarate-CoA ligase
This is an abbreviated version!
For detailed information about 4-coumarate-CoA ligase, go to the full flat file.
Word Map on EC 6.2.1.12
-
6.2.1.12
-
phenylpropanoids
-
lignin
-
flavonoid
-
ammonia-lyase
-
chalcone
-
ferulic
-
4-hydroxylase
-
p-coumaric
-
xylem
-
caffeic
-
parsley
-
populus
-
cinnamate-4-hydroxylase
-
sinapic
-
cinnamyl
-
monolignols
-
crispum
-
stilbene
-
lignification
-
petroselinum
-
caffeate
-
trans-cinnamate
-
dihydroflavonol
-
4.3.1.5
-
taeda
-
4-reductase
-
cinnamoylated
-
elicitor-treated
-
glycinea
-
3-o-methyltransferase
-
3\'-hydroxylase
-
cinnamoyl-coa
-
guaiacyl
-
hydroxycinnamoyl-coas
-
megasperma
-
syringyl
-
ccoaomt
-
adenylate-forming
-
biotechnology
-
synthesis
-
drug development
- 6.2.1.12
-
phenylpropanoids
- lignin
- flavonoid
-
ammonia-lyase
- chalcone
-
ferulic
-
4-hydroxylase
-
p-coumaric
- xylem
-
caffeic
- parsley
- populus
- cinnamate-4-hydroxylase
-
sinapic
-
cinnamyl
- monolignols
- crispum
- stilbene
-
lignification
-
petroselinum
- caffeate
- trans-cinnamate
- dihydroflavonol
-
4.3.1.5
- taeda
-
4-reductase
-
cinnamoylated
-
elicitor-treated
- glycinea
-
3-o-methyltransferase
-
3\'-hydroxylase
- cinnamoyl-coa
-
guaiacyl
-
hydroxycinnamoyl-coas
- megasperma
-
syringyl
- ccoaomt
-
adenylate-forming
- biotechnology
- synthesis
- drug development
Reaction
Synonyms
4-CL, 4-coumarate CoA ligase, 4-coumarate coenzyme A ligase, 4-coumarate/coenzyme A ligase, 4-coumarate: CoA ligase, 4-coumarate: coenzyme A ligase, 4-coumarate:CoA ligase, 4-coumarate:CoA-ligase, 4-coumarate:coenzyme A (CoA) ligase, 4-Coumarate:coenzyme A ligase, 4-coumarate:coenzyme-A ligase-1, 4-coumaroyl CoA ligase, 4-coumaroyl coenzyme A ligase, 4-coumaroyl-CoA ligase, 4-coumaroyl-CoA synthase, 4-coumaroyl:CoA ligase, 4-Coumaryl-CoA synthetase, 4CL, 4CL-A1, 4CL-A2, 4CL-B, 4CL1, 4CL10, 4CL2, 4CL3, 4CL4, 4CL5, 4CL7, Ar4CL, At4CL1, Caffeolyl coenzyme A synthetase, caffeoyl-CoA ligase, caffeoyl-CoA synthetase, caffeoyl-coenzyme A synthetase, CarB, Clone 4CL14, Clone 4CL16, coumarate:CoA ligase, Feruloyl CoA ligase, Feruloyl coenzyme A synthetase, Hc4CL, Hydroxy-cinnamate:CoA ligase, Hydroxycinnamate:CoA ligase, Hydroxycinnamoyl CoA synthetase, LJ4CL1, OB4CL_ctg4, OS4CL, Os4Cl1, Os4Cl2, Os4Cl3, Os4Cl4, Os4Cl5, p-Coumaroyl CoA ligase, p-coumaroyl-CoA ligase, p-Coumaryl coenzyme A synthetase, p-Coumaryl-CoA ligase, p-Coumaryl-CoA synthetase, p-Hydroxycinnamic acid:CoA ligase, p-Hydroxycinnamoyl coenzyme A synthetase, Pc4CL2, Pl4CL1, Pl4CL2, Sa4CL1, Sa4CL2, Sa4CL3, Sinapoyl coenzyme A snthetase, Synthetase, p-coumaroyl coenzyme A, type I 4CL
ECTree
6.2.1.12 4-coumarate-CoA ligaseAdvanced search results
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results (Substrates Products
Substrates Products on EC 6.2.1.12 - 4-coumarate-CoA ligase
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SUBSTRATE 
PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
4-coumarate + MgATP2- + tetrapolyphosphate
adenosine 5'-pentaphosphate + ?
-
CoA omitted from the incubation mixture
-
r
4-coumarate + MgATP2- + tripolyphosphate
adenosine 5'-tetraphosphate + ?
-
CoA omitted from the incubation mixture
-
r
AMP + 3-oxo-2-(2'-[Z]-pentenyl)-cyclopentane-1-butanoic acid + CoA
?
-
weak substrate
-
-
?
AMP + 3-oxo-2-(2'-[Z]-pentenyl)-cyclopentane-1-hexanoic acid + CoA
?
-
weak substrate
-
-
?
ATP + (2E)-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoic acid + CoA
?
-
-
-
-
?
ATP + 3-methoxcinnamate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + 3-methoxycinnamoyl-CoA
-
-
-
-
?
ATP + 4-methoxyferulate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + 4-methoxyferuloyl-CoA
-
-
-
-
?
ATP + cinnamic acid + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + cinnamoyl-CoA
-
3-phenyl-2-propenoic acid, 98%
-
-
?
ATP + decanoate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + decanoyl-CoA
-
weak substrate
-
-
?
ATP + dihydro-4-coumarate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + dihydro-4-coumaroyl-CoA
-
-
-
?
ATP + ferulic acid + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + 4-feruloyl-CoA
-
4-hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamic acid, 99%
-
-
?
ATP + hexadecanoate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + hexadecanoyl-CoA
-
weak substrate
-
-
?
ATP + octadecanoate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + octadecanoyl-CoA
-
weak substrate
-
-
?
ATP + propanoate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + propanoyl-CoA
-
weak substrate
-
-
?
ATP + sinapic acid + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + 4-sinapoyl-CoA
-
3,5-dimethoxy-4-hydroxycinnamic acid, 98%, predominantly trans isomer
-
-
?
ATP + tetradecanoate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + tetradecanoyl-CoA
-
-
-
-
?
CTP + ferulate + CoA
CMP + diphosphate + feruloyl-CoA
-
7.7% of the activity relative to ATP
-
-
?
GTP + ferulate + CoA
GMP + diphosphate + feruloyl-CoA
-
5.7% of the activity relative to ATP
-
-
?
ITP + ferulate + CoA
IMP + diphosphate + feruloyl-CoA
-
20.2% of the activity relative to ATP
-
-
?
MgATP2-
diadenosine 5',5'',P1,P4-tetraphosphate + ?
-
no additional substrate, CoA omitted from the incubation mixture
-
?
UTP + ferulate + CoA
UMP + diphosphate + feruloyl-CoA
-
12.5% of the activity relative to GTP
-
-
?
ATP + 2-coumarate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + 2-coumaroyl-CoA
-
-
-
?
ATP + 3,4,5-trimethoxycinnamate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + 3,4,5-trimethoxycinnamoyl-CoA
-
isoenzyme 1 is active, isoenzyme 2 not
-
-
?
ATP + 3,4,5-trimethoxycinnamate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + 3,4,5-trimethoxycinnamoyl-CoA
-
no activity
-
-
?
ATP + 3,4,5-trimethoxycinnamate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + 3,4,5-trimethoxycinnamoyl-CoA
-
no activity
-
-
?
ATP + 3,4-dimethoxycinnamate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + 3,4-dimethoxycinnamoyl-CoA
-
84% of the activity relative to ferulate
-
-
?
ATP + 3,4-dimethoxycinnamate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + 3,4-dimethoxycinnamoyl-CoA
-
-
-
?
ATP + 3,4-dimethoxycinnamate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + 3,4-dimethoxycinnamoyl-CoA
-
-
?
ATP + 3,4-dimethoxycinnamate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + 3,4-dimethoxycinnamoyl-CoA
-
isoenzyme 1 is active, isoenzyme 2 not
-
-
?
ATP + 3,4-dimethoxycinnamate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + 3,4-dimethoxycinnamoyl-CoA
-
substrate for 4CL1 but not for 4CL2 and 4CL3
-
?
ATP + 3,4-dimethoxycinnamate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + 3,4-dimethoxycinnamoyl-CoA
-
-
-
-
?
ATP + 3,4-dimethoxycinnamate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + 3,4-dimethoxycinnamoyl-CoA
-
-
-
-
?
ATP + 3,4-dimethoxycinnamate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + 3,4-dimethoxycinnamoyl-CoA
-
no activity
-
-
?
ATP + 3-coumarate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + 3-coumaroyl-CoA
-
high activity
-
-
?
ATP + 4-coumarate + CoA
?
-
4-coumarate-CoA ligase is the last enzyme of the general phenylpropanoid metabolism, supplying substrates for lignin formation and other individual phenylpropanoid pathways
-
-
?
ATP + 4-coumarate + CoA
?
-
enzyme of B-ring-deoxy flavonoid biosymthesis
-
-
?
ATP + 4-coumarate + CoA
?
-
enzyme is involved in the resistance response of soybean against pathogen attack. The different substrate affinities for substituted cinnamic acids and the differential regulation of the 3 isoenzymes, may play a pivotal role in distributing substituted cinnamate intermediates at a branch point of general phenylpropanoid metabolism into subsequent specific pathways
-
-
?
ATP + 4-coumarate + CoA
?
-
enzyme has an important role in the determination of the composition and the amount of lignin in tobacco plants
-
-
?
ATP + 4-coumarate + CoA
?
-
key enzyme of general phenylpropanoid metabolism
-
-
?
ATP + 4-coumarate + CoA
?
-
the isoenzymes can play an important role in the control of the monomeric composition of lignins
-
-
?
ATP + 4-coumarate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + 4-coumaroyl-CoA
52% of the activity with caffeate
-
-
?
ATP + 4-coumarate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + 4-coumaroyl-CoA
-
-
-
?
ATP + 4-coumarate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + 4-coumaroyl-CoA
-
-
-
?
ATP + 4-coumarate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + 4-coumaroyl-CoA
-
-
-
?
ATP + 4-coumarate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + 4-coumaroyl-CoA
-
-
-
?
ATP + 4-coumarate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + 4-coumaroyl-CoA
-
-
-
?
ATP + 4-coumarate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + 4-coumaroyl-CoA
-
-
?
ATP + 4-coumarate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + 4-coumaroyl-CoA
-
-
-
?
ATP + 4-coumarate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + 4-coumaroyl-CoA
-
-
?
ATP + 4-coumarate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + 4-coumaroyl-CoA
-
high activity
-
-
?
ATP + 4-coumarate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + 4-coumaroyl-CoA
-
plant phenylpropanoid metabolism
-
?
ATP + 4-coumarate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + 4-coumaroyl-CoA
-
plant phenylpropanoid metabolism
-
?
ATP + 4-coumarate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + 4-coumaroyl-CoA
-
plant phenylpropanoid metabolism
-
?
ATP + 4-coumarate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + 4-coumaroyl-CoA
plant phenylpropanoid metabolism
-
?
ATP + 4-coumarate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + 4-coumaroyl-CoA
-
plant phenylpropanoid metabolism, 4CL2 involved in coenzyme A ester formation and cocatalytic AMP-donor in (di)adenosine polyphosphate synthesis
-
?
ATP + 4-coumarate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + 4-coumaroyl-CoA
plant phenylpropanoid metabolism, class II enzymes part of flavonoid pathway, class I enzymes probably involved in lignin formation and phenolic compound other than flavonoids
-
?
ATP + 4-coumarate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + 4-coumaroyl-CoA
-
140% of the activity relative to ferulate
-
-
?
ATP + 4-coumarate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + 4-coumaroyl-CoA
-
assay at pH 7.5
-
-
?
ATP + 4-coumarate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + 4-coumaroyl-CoA
-
-
?
ATP + 4-coumarate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + 4-coumaroyl-CoA
-
plant phenylpropanoid metabolism
-
?
ATP + 4-coumarate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + 4-coumaroyl-CoA
plant phenylpropanoid metabolism
-
?
ATP + 4-coumarate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + 4-coumaroyl-CoA
-
-
-
?
ATP + 4-coumarate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + 4-coumaroyl-CoA
-
-
-
?
ATP + 4-coumarate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + 4-coumaroyl-CoA
-
-
-
?
ATP + 4-coumarate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + 4-coumaroyl-CoA
-
-
-
?
ATP + 4-coumarate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + 4-coumaroyl-CoA
-
-
-
-
?
ATP + 4-coumarate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + 4-coumaroyl-CoA
-
-
-
-
ir
ATP + 4-coumarate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + 4-coumaroyl-CoA
-
plant phenylpropanoid metabolism
-
?
ATP + 4-coumarate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + 4-coumaroyl-CoA
-
-
-
-
?
ATP + 4-coumarate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + 4-coumaroyl-CoA
-
-
-
-
?
ATP + 4-coumarate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + 4-coumaroyl-CoA
-
the enzyme is involved in the phenylpropanoid pathway
-
-
?
ATP + 4-coumarate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + 4-coumaroyl-CoA
-
4-hydroxycinnamic acid, 98%, predominantly trans-isomer
-
-
?
ATP + 4-coumarate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + 4-coumaroyl-CoA
-
-
-
?
ATP + 4-coumarate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + 4-coumaroyl-CoA
-
-
-
?
ATP + 4-coumarate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + 4-coumaroyl-CoA
best substrate
-
-
?
ATP + 4-coumarate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + 4-coumaroyl-CoA
-
-
-
?
ATP + 4-coumarate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + 4-coumaroyl-CoA
best substrate
-
-
?
ATP + 4-coumarate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + 4-coumaroyl-CoA
-
-
-
?
ATP + 4-coumarate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + 4-coumaroyl-CoA
-
-
-
?
ATP + 4-coumarate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + 4-coumaroyl-CoA
best substrate
-
-
?
ATP + 4-coumarate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + 4-coumaroyl-CoA
high activity
-
-
?
ATP + 4-coumarate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + 4-coumaroyl-CoA
-
-
-
?
ATP + 4-coumarate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + 4-coumaroyl-CoA
highest catalytic efficiency towards 4-coumarate
-
-
?
ATP + 4-coumarate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + 4-coumaroyl-CoA
-
94% of the activity relative to ferulate
-
-
?
ATP + 4-coumarate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + 4-coumaroyl-CoA
-
-
-
?
ATP + 4-coumarate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + 4-coumaroyl-CoA
preferred substrate
-
-
?
ATP + 4-coumarate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + 4-coumaroyl-CoA
-
plant phenylpropanoid metabolism
-
?
ATP + 4-coumarate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + 4-coumaroyl-CoA
-
-
-
?
ATP + 4-coumarate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + 4-coumaroyl-CoA
4-coumarate is the most favorable substrate
-
-
?
ATP + 4-coumarate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + 4-coumaroyl-CoA
Polyporus hispidus UBC 513
-
-
-
-
?
ATP + 4-coumarate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + 4-coumaroyl-CoA
-
-
-
?
ATP + 4-coumarate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + 4-coumaroyl-CoA
-
-
-
?
ATP + 4-coumarate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + 4-coumaroyl-CoA
-
plant phenylpropanoid metabolism
-
?
ATP + 4-coumarate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + 4-coumaroyl-CoA
-
-
-
?
ATP + 4-coumarate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + 4-coumaroyl-CoA
-
plant phenylpropanoid metabolism
-
?
ATP + 4-coumarate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + 4-coumaroyl-CoA
-
-
-
?
ATP + 4-coumarate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + 4-coumaroyl-CoA
-
-
-
?
ATP + 4-coumarate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + 4-coumaroyl-CoA
-
isoenzyme 4CL1 exhibits very high activity towards p-coumarate, isoenzymes 4CL2 and 4CL3 are active
-
-
?
ATP + 4-coumarate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + 4-coumaroyl-CoA
100% activity
-
-
?
ATP + 4-coumarate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + 4-coumaroyl-CoA
100% activity
-
-
?
ATP + 4-coumarate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + 4-coumaroyl-CoA
-
-
-
-
?
ATP + 4-coumarate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + 4-coumaroyl-CoA
-
the enzyme is involved in the phenylpropanoid pathway
-
-
?
ATP + 4-coumarate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + 4-coumaroyl-CoA
-
-
-
-
?
ATP + 4-coumarate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + 4-coumaroyl-CoA
-
-
-
?
ATP + 4-coumarate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + 4-coumaroyl-CoA
preferred substrate
-
-
?
ATP + 4-methoxycinnamate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + 4-methoxycinnamoyl-CoA
-
-
-
-
?
ATP + 4-methoxycinnamate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + 4-methoxycinnamoyl-CoA
-
68% of the activity relative to ferulate
-
-
?
ATP + 4-methoxycinnamate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + 4-methoxycinnamoyl-CoA
-
isoenzyme 1 is active, isoenzyme 2 not
-
-
?
ATP + 4-methoxycinnamate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + 4-methoxycinnamoyl-CoA
-
12% of the activity relative to 4-coumarate
-
-
?
ATP + 4-methoxycinnamate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + 4-methoxycinnamoyl-CoA
-
-
-
-
?
ATP + 4-methoxycinnamate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + 4-methoxycinnamoyl-CoA
-
-
-
-
?
ATP + 5-hydroxyferulate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + 5-hydroxyferuloyl-CoA
-
17% of the activity relative to ferulate
-
-
?
ATP + 5-hydroxyferulate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + 5-hydroxyferuloyl-CoA
-
-
-
-
?
ATP + 5-hydroxyferulate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + 5-hydroxyferuloyl-CoA
-
18% of the activity relative to ferulate
-
-
?
ATP + 5-hydroxyferulate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + 5-hydroxyferuloyl-CoA
-
41% of the activity relative to p-hydroxycinnamate
-
-
?
ATP + 5-hydroxyferulate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + 5-hydroxyferuloyl-CoA
-
-
-
-
?
ATP + 5-hydroxyferulate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + 5-hydroxyferuloyl-CoA
-
isoenzyme I is active, no activity is detectable with isoenzyme II and III
-
-
?
ATP + 5-hydroxyferulate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + 5-hydroxyferuloyl-CoA
-
isoenzyme 4CL2, weak activity, isoenzyme 4CL1 and 4CL3 show no activity
-
-
?
ATP + 5-hydroxyferulate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + 5-hydroxyferuloyl-CoA
-
-
-
-
?
ATP + caffeate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + caffeoyl-CoA
the enzyme is involved in the reduction of the carbon-carbon double bond of phenylacrylates such as caffeate. The overall reaction is coupled to ATP synthesis by a chemiosmotic mechanism with Na+ as the coupling ion
-
-
?
ATP + caffeate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + caffeoyl-CoA
-
-
-
?
ATP + caffeate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + caffeoyl-CoA
-
-
?
ATP + caffeate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + caffeoyl-CoA
-
-
-
?
ATP + caffeate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + caffeoyl-CoA
-
-
?
ATP + caffeate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + caffeoyl-CoA
-
high activity
-
-
?
ATP + caffeate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + caffeoyl-CoA
-
at 4% of the activity relative to 4-coumarate
-
?
ATP + caffeate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + caffeoyl-CoA
-
48% of the activity relative to ferulate
-
-
?
ATP + caffeate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + caffeoyl-CoA
-
-
-
?
ATP + caffeate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + caffeoyl-CoA
-
-
?
ATP + caffeate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + caffeoyl-CoA
-
14% of the activity relative to 4-coumarate
-
-
?
ATP + caffeate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + caffeoyl-CoA
-
-
-
?
ATP + caffeate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + caffeoyl-CoA
-
-
-
?
ATP + caffeate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + caffeoyl-CoA
low activity
-
-
?
ATP + caffeate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + caffeoyl-CoA
low activity
-
-
?
ATP + caffeate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + caffeoyl-CoA
-
-
-
?
ATP + caffeate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + caffeoyl-CoA
-
-
-
?
ATP + caffeate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + caffeoyl-CoA
-
86% of the activity relative to ferulate
-
-
?
ATP + caffeate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + caffeoyl-CoA
-
same activity as with 4-coumarate
-
?
ATP + caffeate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + caffeoyl-CoA
-
-
-
?
ATP + caffeate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + caffeoyl-CoA
-
61% of the activity relative to p-hydroxycinnamate
-
-
?
ATP + caffeate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + caffeoyl-CoA
-
-
-
?
ATP + caffeate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + caffeoyl-CoA
-
-
-
?
ATP + caffeate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + caffeoyl-CoA
-
isoenzyme III is active, no activity is detectable with isoenzyme I and II
-
-
?
ATP + caffeate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + caffeoyl-CoA
-
-
-
?
ATP + caffeate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + caffeoyl-CoA
-
isoenzyme 4CL1, 4CL2 and 4CL3 show activity
-
-
?
ATP + caffeate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + caffeoyl-CoA
48% activity compared to 4-coumarate
-
-
?
ATP + caffeate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + caffeoyl-CoA
86% activity compared to 4-coumarate
-
-
?
ATP + caffeate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + caffeoyl-CoA
86% activity compared to 4-coumarate
-
-
?
ATP + caffeate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + caffeoyl-CoA
48% activity compared to 4-coumarate
-
-
?
ATP + caffeate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + caffeoyl-CoA
-
-
-
?
ATP + caffeic acid + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + caffeoyl-CoA
-
3,4-dihydroxycinnamic acid, 98%
-
-
?
ATP + caffeic acid + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + caffeoyl-CoA
-
3,4-dihydroxycinnamic acid, 98%, predominantly trans-isomer
-
-
?
ATP + cinnamate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + cinnamoyl-CoA
9% of the activity with caffeate
-
-
?
ATP + cinnamate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + cinnamoyl-CoA
-
-
-
?
ATP + cinnamate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + cinnamoyl-CoA
-
-
?
ATP + cinnamate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + cinnamoyl-CoA
same Vmax like 4-coumarate
-
?
ATP + cinnamate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + cinnamoyl-CoA
-
-
-
?
ATP + cinnamate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + cinnamoyl-CoA
-
-
?
ATP + cinnamate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + cinnamoyl-CoA
-
10% of the activity relative to 4-coumarate
-
-
?
ATP + cinnamate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + cinnamoyl-CoA
-
-
-
-
ir
ATP + cinnamate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + cinnamoyl-CoA
-
-
-
?
ATP + cinnamate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + cinnamoyl-CoA
low activity
-
-
?
ATP + cinnamate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + cinnamoyl-CoA
-
-
-
?
ATP + cinnamate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + cinnamoyl-CoA
-
-
-
ir
ATP + cinnamate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + cinnamoyl-CoA
-
14% of the activity relative to ferulate
-
-
?
ATP + cinnamate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + cinnamoyl-CoA
-
-
-
?
ATP + cinnamate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + cinnamoyl-CoA
-
-
-
?
ATP + cinnamate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + cinnamoyl-CoA
-
roughly 30% of activity
-
?
ATP + cinnamate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + cinnamoyl-CoA
5.0% activity compared to 4-coumarate
-
-
?
ATP + cinnamate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + cinnamoyl-CoA
54% activity compared to 4-coumarate
-
-
?
ATP + cinnamate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + cinnamoyl-CoA
54% activity compared to 4-coumarate
-
-
?
ATP + cinnamate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + cinnamoyl-CoA
5.0% activity compared to 4-coumarate
-
-
?
ATP + cinnamate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + cinnamoyl-CoA
-
-
-
?
ATP + ferulate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + feruloyl-CoA
16% of the activity with caffeate
-
-
?
ATP + ferulate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + feruloyl-CoA
-
-
-
?
ATP + ferulate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + feruloyl-CoA
-
-
?
ATP + ferulate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + feruloyl-CoA
-
M293P/K320L mutant enzyme, no substrate for wild type enzyme
-
?
ATP + ferulate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + feruloyl-CoA
only 4CL1 and 4CL3, no substrate for 4CL2, some 4CL2 mutants are active with ferulate
-
?
ATP + ferulate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + feruloyl-CoA
-
only 4CL1, no substrate for 4CL2
-
?
ATP + ferulate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + feruloyl-CoA
-
very poor substrate for the wild type enzyme, effective substrate for M293P/K320L mutant enzyme
-
?
ATP + ferulate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + feruloyl-CoA
-
3% of the activity relative to 4-coumarate
-
?
ATP + ferulate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + feruloyl-CoA
-
-
-
?
ATP + ferulate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + feruloyl-CoA
-
-
?
ATP + ferulate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + feruloyl-CoA
-
49% of the activity relative to 4-coumarate
-
-
?
ATP + ferulate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + feruloyl-CoA
-
substrate for 4CL1 and 4CL2, very poor substrate for 4CL3
-
?
ATP + ferulate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + feruloyl-CoA
-
-
-
?
ATP + ferulate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + feruloyl-CoA
-
-
-
?
ATP + ferulate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + feruloyl-CoA
-
-
-
?
ATP + ferulate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + feruloyl-CoA
high activity
-
-
?
ATP + ferulate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + feruloyl-CoA
strong preference for ferulate by isozyme Os4CL2, high activity
-
-
?
ATP + ferulate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + feruloyl-CoA
-
-
-
?
ATP + ferulate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + feruloyl-CoA
-
-
-
?
ATP + ferulate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + feruloyl-CoA
-
same activity as with 4-coumarate
-
?
ATP + ferulate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + feruloyl-CoA
-
67% of the activity relative to p-hydroxycinnamate
-
-
?
ATP + ferulate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + feruloyl-CoA
-
-
-
?
ATP + ferulate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + feruloyl-CoA
good substrate for isoform 4CL4
-
-
?
ATP + ferulate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + feruloyl-CoA
good substrate for isoform 4CL5
-
-
?
ATP + ferulate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + feruloyl-CoA
-
only 4CL1, no substrate for 4CL2
-
?
ATP + ferulate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + feruloyl-CoA
-
roughly 60% of activity
-
?
ATP + ferulate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + feruloyl-CoA
-
-
-
?
ATP + ferulate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + feruloyl-CoA
-
isoenzyme 4CL2 and 4CL3 are active, no activity with isoenzyme 4CL1
-
-
?
ATP + ferulate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + feruloyl-CoA
2.5% activity compared to 4-coumarate
-
-
?
ATP + ferulate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + feruloyl-CoA
50.5% activity compared to 4-coumarate
-
-
?
ATP + ferulate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + feruloyl-CoA
2.5% activity compared to 4-coumarate
-
-
?
ATP + ferulate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + feruloyl-CoA
50.5% activity compared to 4-coumarate
-
-
?
ATP + ferulate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + ferulyl-CoA
-
-
-
?
ATP + isoferulate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + isoferuloyl-CoA
-
as effective as ferulate
-
-
?
ATP + isoferulate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + isoferuloyl-CoA
-
-
-
?
ATP + sinapate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + sinapoyl-CoA
-
-
-
?
ATP + sinapate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + sinapoyl-CoA
-
-
?
ATP + sinapate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + sinapoyl-CoA
-
substrate for 4CL1 but not for 4CL2 and 4CL3
-
?
ATP + sinapate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + sinapoyl-CoA
-
-
-
?
ATP + sinapate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + sinapoyl-CoA
-
isoenzymes 4CL2 and 4CL3 are active, isoenzyme 4CL1 is inactive
-
-
?
ATP + sinapoate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + sinapoyl-CoA
-
no activity
-
-
?
ATP + sinapoate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + sinapoyl-CoA
-
48% of the activity relative to ferulate
-
-
?
ATP + sinapoate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + sinapoyl-CoA
-
isoenzyme 1 is active with sinapoate, isoenzyme 2 not
-
-
?
ATP + sinapoate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + sinapoyl-CoA
-
isoenzyme I is active, no activity with isoenzyme II and III
-
-
?
ATP + sinapoylmalate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + sinapoylmaloyl-CoA
substrate for isoform 4CL1
-
-
?
ATP + sinapoylmalate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + sinapoylmaloyl-CoA
substrate for isoform 4CL3
-
-
?
ATP + trans-cinnamate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + trans-cinnamoyl-CoA
-
-
-
?
ATP + trans-cinnamate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + trans-cinnamoyl-CoA
-
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
no activity with either sinapate or 4-hydroxybenzoate. The more hydroxyl groups are present, the better is the activity of the enzyme. Methoxy groups on the aromatic ring have a negative effect on enzyme activity. It is possible that methoxy groups cause a steric obstruction. No activity can be measured if there is no acryl group present in the substrate
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
inactive against sinapic acid
-
?
additional information
?
-
inactive against sinapic acid
-
?
additional information
?
-
inactive against sinapic acid and ferulic acid
-
?
additional information
?
-
inactive against sinapic acid and ferulic acid
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
inactive against sinapic acid and ferulic acid
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
biosynthesis of lignin monomers occurs via the phenylpropanoid pathway, in which the enzyme 4-coumarate-CoA ligase plays a key role by catalyzing the formation of hydroxycinnamoyl-CoA esters, subsequently reduced to the corresponding monolignols hydroxycinnamoyl alcohols, overview, cis-regulatory elements involved in the developmental and wound-induced regulation of the 4CL gene family members, stress-regulated expression, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the 4-coumarate-CoA ligase, 4CL, gene family members are involved in channeling carbon flow into branch pathways of phenylpropanoid metabolism, identification of regulatory genes, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the enzyme from different tissues varies significantly in substrate specificity
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
a 7fold increase in 4CL activity is observed in elicited cultures after 24 h of chitosan treatment (200 mg/l) as compared to control
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
most of angiosperm and gymnosperm enzymes are active with ferulate but not with sinapoate (?). The enzymes of Erythrina crista-galli, Robinia pseudoacacia and bamboo show considerable activity with sinapoate
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
in ATP-diphosphate exchange reaction absolute specificity for cinnamate
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
no reaction with 3,4-dimethoxycinnamate and sinapate
-
?
additional information
?
-
no reaction with 3,4-dimethoxycinnamate and sinapate
-
?
additional information
?
-
no reaction with 3,4-dimethoxycinnamate and sinapate
-
?
additional information
?
-
no reaction with 3,4-dimethoxycinnamate and sinapate
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
no reaction with 3,4-dimethoxycinnamate and sinapate
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
most of angiosperm and gymnosperm enzymes are active with ferulate but not with sinapoate (?). The enzymes of Erythrina crista-galli, Robinia pseudoacacia and bamboo show considerable activity with sinapoate
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
no activity with sinapic acid
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
the enzyme catalyzes the conversion of 4-coumaric acid into coumaroyl-CoA and a few related substrates into their corresponding products such as cinnamoyl-CoA, caffeoyl-CoA, and feruloyl-CoA in a process utilizing ATP, and thus channels the common, phenylalanine-derived building block into the widely distinct branches of general phenylpropanoid metabolism
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
high affinity for 4-coumarate and ferulate by isozyme Os4Cl4
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
high affinity for 4-coumarate and ferulate by isozyme Os4Cl4
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
high affinity for 4-coumarate and ferulate by isozyme Os4Cl4
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
high affinity for 4-coumarate and ferulate by isozyme Os4Cl4
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
high affinity for 4-coumarate and ferulate by isozyme Os4Cl4
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
high affinity for 4-coumarate and ferulate by isozyme Os4Cl4
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
high affinity for 4-coumarate and ferulate by isozyme Os4Cl4, no activity with sinapate
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
high affinity for 4-coumarate and ferulate by isozyme Os4Cl4, no activity with sinapate
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
high affinity for 4-coumarate and ferulate by isozyme Os4Cl4, no activity with sinapate
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
high affinity for 4-coumarate and ferulate by isozyme Os4Cl4, no activity with sinapate
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
high affinity for 4-coumarate and ferulate by isozyme Os4Cl4, no activity with sinapate
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
high affinity for 4-coumarate and ferulate by isozyme Os4Cl4, no activity with sinapate
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
most of angiosperm and gymnosperm enzymes are active with ferulate but not with sinapoate (?). The enzymes of Erythrina crista-galli, Robinia pseudoacacia and bamboo show considerable activity with sinapoate
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
ATP-diphosphate exchange reaction is activated by cinnamate, dihydro-4-coumarate, caprylate and malonate
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
isoform 4CL10 has no catalytic activity toward hydroxycinnamic acid compounds
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
isoform 4CL10 has no catalytic activity toward hydroxycinnamic acid compounds
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
isoform 4CL10 has no catalytic activity toward hydroxycinnamic acid compounds
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
isoform 4CL7 has no catalytic activity toward hydroxycinnamic acid compounds
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
isoform 4CL7 has no catalytic activity toward hydroxycinnamic acid compounds
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
isoform 4CL7 has no catalytic activity toward hydroxycinnamic acid compounds
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
most of angiosperm and gymnosperm enzymes are active with ferulate but not with sinapoate (?). The enzymes of Erythrina crista-galli, Robinia pseudoacacia and bamboo show considerable activity with sinapoate
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
sinapate is not accepted as a substrate
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
sinapate is not accepted as a substrate
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
sinapate is not accepted as a substrate
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
sinapate is not accepted as a substrate
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
sinapate is not accepted as a substrate
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
4CL has a key role in the biosynthesis of monolignols in softwood species
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
4CL has a key role in the biosynthesis of monolignols in softwood species
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
no activity with ferulate, 5-hydroxyferylate, and sinapate
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
no activity with ferulate, 5-hydroxyferylate, and sinapate
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
most of angiosperm and gymnosperm enzymes are active with ferulate but not with sinapoate (?). The enzymes of Erythrina crista-galli, Robinia pseudoacacia and bamboo show considerable activity with sinapoate
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
inactive against sinapic acid
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
most of angiosperm and gymnosperm enzymes are active with ferulate but not with sinapoate (?). The enzymes of Erythrina crista-galli, Robinia pseudoacacia and bamboo show considerable activity with sinapoate
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
isozyme Pl4CL2 has a broader substrate specificity than Pl4CL1
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
isozyme Pl4CL2 has a broader substrate specificity than Pl4CL1
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
isozyme Pl4CL2 has a broader substrate specificity than Pl4CL1
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
no activity with sinapate
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
no activity with sinapate
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
no activity with sinapate, ferulate and caffeate
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
no activity with sinapate, ferulate and caffeate
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
no activity with sinapate, ferulate and caffeate
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
most of angiosperm and gymnosperm enzymes are active with ferulate but not with sinapoate (?). The enzymes of Erythrina crista-galli, Robinia pseudoacacia and bamboo show considerable activity with sinapoate
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the isoform 4CL1 has a strong substrate preference for p-coumarate, but lacked the activity for ferulate and sinapate. The other hand, 4CL2 and 4CL3 display activity towards sinapate and also possess high activity towards caffeate as well as p-coumarate
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
the enzyme does not activate sinapate, 2,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, acetylsalicylic acid, anthranilic acid, and (N-methyl)anthranilic acid
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
the enzyme does not activate sinapate, 2,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, acetylsalicylic acid, anthranilic acid, and (N-methyl)anthranilic acid
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
the enzyme does not activate sinapate, 2,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, acetylsalicylic acid, anthranilic acid, and (N-methyl)anthranilic acid
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
the enzyme does not activate sinapate, 2,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, acetylsalicylic acid, anthranilic acid, and (N-methyl)anthranilic acid
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the enzyme performs synthesis of (5,7-dihydroxy-4-chromanone)-propenoic acid in concert with chalcone synthase, chalcone isomerase, and flavanone 3-hydroxylase, fed with a number of aromatic acrylic acids, mechanism, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
no activity with benzoate and sinapate
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
no activity with benzoate and sinapate
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
no activity with benzoate and sinapate
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
three key enzymes: phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, cinnamate-4-hydroxylase, and 4-coumarate-coenzyme A ligase, catalyzing the biosynthesis of these compounds during berry development, contents of gallic, protocatechuic, gentisic and caffeic acid all change drastically during berry development, while other compounds containing 4-hydroxybenzoic, vanillic, syringic, chlorogenic, 4-coumaric, ferulic and sinapic acid vary only slightly
-
-
?
