4.1.1.31: phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase
This is an abbreviated version!
For detailed information about phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase, go to the full flat file.
Word Map on EC 4.1.1.31
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4.1.1.31
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gluconeogenesis
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gluconeogenic
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malate
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co2
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hepatocytes
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glucose-6-phosphatase
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glycogen
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g6pase
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triglyceride
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maize
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malic
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camp
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glucocorticoid
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hyperglycemia
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adipose
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fructose
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peroxisome
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glucagon
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glucokinase
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mesophyll
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crassulacean
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high-fat
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rubisco
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anaplerotic
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proliferator-activated
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hepatoma
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nadp-malic
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tricarboxylic
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ribulose
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lipogenesis
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dikinase
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lipogenic
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sorghum
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periportal
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ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate
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anti-diabetic
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orthophosphate
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glycogenolysis
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photorespiration
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fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase
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carboxylases
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6-phosphatase
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hypoglycemic
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oxalacetate
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rubp
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1,5-bisphosphate
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biotechnology
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perivenous
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agriculture
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synthesis
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transphosphorylating
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photorespiratory
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1,6-bisphosphatase
- 4.1.1.31
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gluconeogenesis
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gluconeogenic
- malate
- co2
- hepatocytes
- glucose-6-phosphatase
- glycogen
- g6pase
- triglyceride
- maize
-
malic
- camp
- glucocorticoid
- hyperglycemia
- adipose
- fructose
- peroxisome
- glucagon
- glucokinase
- mesophyll
-
crassulacean
-
high-fat
- rubisco
-
anaplerotic
-
proliferator-activated
- hepatoma
-
nadp-malic
-
tricarboxylic
- ribulose
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lipogenesis
- dikinase
-
lipogenic
- sorghum
-
periportal
- ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate
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anti-diabetic
- orthophosphate
-
glycogenolysis
-
photorespiration
- fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase
- carboxylases
-
6-phosphatase
-
hypoglycemic
- oxalacetate
- rubp
-
1,5-bisphosphate
- biotechnology
-
perivenous
- agriculture
- synthesis
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transphosphorylating
-
photorespiratory
-
1,6-bisphosphatase
Reaction
Synonyms
archaeal-type phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase, AT1G53310, atPEPC, Atppc1, Atppc2, Atppc3, Atppc4, bacterial-type PEPC, bacterial-type phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase, BPTC, BTPC, C4 PEPC, C4-PEPC, Carboxylase, phosphopyruvate (phosphate), Class-1 PEPC, Class-2 PEPC, CP21, CP28, CP46, CrPpc1, CrPpc2, Hvpepc3, Hvpepc4, Hvpepc5, Ljpepc1, NCgl1523, OJ1484_G09.129-1, Osppc2a, Osppc4, PEOC, PEP carboxylase, PEP-carboxylase, PEPC, PEPC(p102)kinase, PEPC1, PEPC2, PEPC3, PEPC7, PepcA, PEPCase, PEPCase1, PEPCK, PEPK, phosphoenol pyruvate carboxylase, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase, Phosphoenolpyruvic carboxylase, photosynthetic phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase, plant-type phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase, PPC, PPC1, PPC2, PPC2a, PPC3, PPC4, PpcA, PpcA1, PPCK1, PPCK2, PTPC, S.minutum PEPC1, Sb02g021090, Sb04g008720, SORBI_3007G106500, SSO2256, SvPEPC
ECTree
4.1.1.31 phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylaseAdvanced search results
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results (Substrates Products
Substrates Products on EC 4.1.1.31 - phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase
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SUBSTRATE 
PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
phosphate + oxaloacetate
H2O + phosphoenolpyruvate + CO2
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-
-
-
?
phosphate + oxaloacetate
phosphoenolpyruvate + HCO3-
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-
-
-
?
Phosphoenolpyruvate + CO2
?
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key enzyme mediating the primary carbon assimilation
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-
?
Phosphoenolpyruvate + CO2
?
-
key enzyme in the supply of carbon skeleton for the assimilation of nitrogen by green algae
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-
?
Phosphoenolpyruvate + CO2
?
-
key enzyme in the supply of carbon skeleton for the assimilation of nitrogen by green algae
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-
?
Phosphoenolpyruvate + CO2
?
-
in C4 plants the enzyme catalyzes the first step of the C4 dicarboxylic acid pathway. In CAM plants the enzyme functions in CO2 fixation
-
-
?
Phosphoenolpyruvate + CO2
?
-
possible role of the enzyme in controlling a circadian rhythm of CO2 fixation
-
-
?
Phosphoenolpyruvate + CO2
?
-
the enzyme is involved in autotrophic CO2 fixation
-
-
?
Phosphoenolpyruvate + CO2
?
Molinema dessetae
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enzyme at the branchpoint of glycolysis and Krebs cycle
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-
?
Phosphoenolpyruvate + CO2
?
-
Umbilicus rupestris switches from C3 photosynthesis to an incomplete form of crassulacean acid metabolism, referred to as CAM-idling, when exposed to water stress. This switch is accompanied by an increase in the activity of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase
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-
?
Phosphoenolpyruvate + CO2
?
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three PEPC isoforms: one is the C4-form PEPC, which plays a cardinal role in the initial CO2-fixation of C4 photosynthesis by capturing atmospheric CO2 into C4-dicarboxylic acids, the second one is a C3-housekeeping PEPC, which plays anaplerotic roles by replenishing C4-dicarboxylic acids in the citric acid cycle for synthesis of cell constituents, the root-form PEPC plays various anaplerotic roles, including providing the carbon skeletons for nitrogen assimilation, pH maintenance, and osmolarity regulation
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-
?
Phosphoenolpyruvate + CO2
?
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key enzyme in CO2 assimilation pathway of C4 and CAM plants
-
-
?
phosphoenolpyruvate + CO2
phosphate + oxaloacetate
-
-
-
-
?
phosphoenolpyruvate + CO2
phosphate + oxaloacetate
-
-
-
?
phosphoenolpyruvate + CO2
phosphate + oxaloacetate
-
-
-
?
phosphoenolpyruvate + CO2
phosphate + oxaloacetate
-
-
-
?
phosphoenolpyruvate + CO2
phosphate + oxaloacetate
Molinema dessetae
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enzyme does not catalyze the reverse reaction
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?
phosphoenolpyruvate + CO2
phosphate + oxaloacetate
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the organism expresses, regulates and assembles divergent PEPC polypeptides. This probably serves an adaptive pupose by posing these organism for survival in different environments varying in nutrient content
-
-
?
phosphoenolpyruvate + CO2
phosphate + oxaloacetate
moderated water stress applied to Pinus halepensis has no effect on PEPC activity. Ozone stress induces a dramatic increase of PEPC activity in pine needles
-
-
?
phosphoenolpyruvate + CO2
phosphate + oxaloacetate
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by shifting to CAM in the C4 Portulaca a nes PEPC isoform may be synthesized to meet CAM requirements
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-
?
phosphoenolpyruvate + CO2
phosphate + oxaloacetate
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the enzyme is responsible for primary CO2 fixation. PEPC activity and regulationm are modified upon drought stress treatment in a way that allows Portulaca oleracea to perform a CAM-like metabolism
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-
?
phosphoenolpyruvate + CO2
phosphate + oxaloacetate
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-
-
?
phosphoenolpyruvate + CO2
phosphate + oxaloacetate
-
-
-
-
?
phosphoenolpyruvate + CO2
phosphate + oxaloacetate
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NaCl and LiCl induce enzyme expression in roots. Other abiotic stresses affecting water status, such as drought or cold, induce PEPC expression. Important role of the enzyme in the adaption of plants to environmental changes
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-
?
phosphoenolpyruvate + CO2
phosphate + oxaloacetate
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key enzyme in fixation of atmospheric CO2 in C4 and crassulacean acid metabolism
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-
?
phosphoenolpyruvate + CO2
phosphate + oxaloacetate
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concerted sequential allosteric mechanism
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-
?
phosphoenolpyruvate + HCO3-
phosphate + oxaloacetate
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feeding K+ or Na+ nitrate salts in vivo enhances the activity of the enzyme in the leaf extract of the C4 plant
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-
?
phosphoenolpyruvate + HCO3-
phosphate + oxaloacetate
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feeding K+ or Na+ nitrate salts in vivo enhances the activity of the enzyme in the leaf extract of the C3 plant
-
-
?
phosphoenolpyruvate + HCO3-
phosphate + oxaloacetate
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it is suggested that Ca2+ regulates PEPC, at an upstream level, such as transcription, by modulating PEPC-protein kinase, thus facilitating the light activation of PEPC
-
-
?
phosphoenolpyruvate + HCO3-
phosphate + oxaloacetate
-
-
-
-
?
phosphoenolpyruvate + HCO3-
phosphate + oxaloacetate
-
-
-
?
phosphoenolpyruvate + HCO3-
phosphate + oxaloacetate
-
-
-
?
phosphoenolpyruvate + HCO3-
phosphate + oxaloacetate
-
-
-
-
?
phosphoenolpyruvate + HCO3-
phosphate + oxaloacetate
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PEPC plays a role in respiratory carbon dioxide refixation while generating malate to support amino acid and/or fatty acids biosynthesis
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-
?
phosphoenolpyruvate + HCO3-
phosphate + oxaloacetate
-
-
-
-
?
phosphoenolpyruvate + HCO3-
phosphate + oxaloacetate
-
-
-
?, ir
phosphoenolpyruvate + HCO3-
phosphate + oxaloacetate
-
-
-
?
phosphoenolpyruvate + HCO3-
phosphate + oxaloacetate
WP_019935846
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-
-
?
phosphoenolpyruvate + HCO3-
phosphate + oxaloacetate
-
-
-
?
phosphoenolpyruvate + HCO3-
phosphate + oxaloacetate
-
-
-
-
?
phosphoenolpyruvate + HCO3-
phosphate + oxaloacetate
-
-
-
?
phosphoenolpyruvate + HCO3-
phosphate + oxaloacetate
-
-
-
?
additional information
?
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recombinant PPC4 forms class-2 PEPC when combined with class-1 PEPCs
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-
?
additional information
?
-
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BTPC tightly interacts with co-expressed PTPC to form the allosterically-desensitized class-2 PEPC heteromeric complex
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-
?
additional information
?
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PEPC may be involved in protein biosynthesis during grain development, and it may have an important role in regulating carbon and nitrogen metabolism in the ear organ of wheat
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-
?
additional information
?
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the guard cell enzyme is regulated by reversible phosphorylation of at least one isoform
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-
?
