3.4.24.65: macrophage elastase
This is an abbreviated version!
For detailed information about macrophage elastase, go to the full flat file.
Word Map on EC 3.4.24.65
-
3.4.24.65
-
metalloproteinases
-
mmp-9
-
pulmonary
-
emphysema
-
collagen
-
alveolar
-
elastin
-
fibrosis
-
smoke
-
airway
-
timp-1
-
cigarette
-
lavage
-
bronchoalveolar
-
endothelial
-
metastasis
-
aortic
-
tnf
-
artery
-
chemokine
-
monocyte
-
smoking
-
plaque
-
aneurysm
-
angiogenesis
-
atherosclerotic
-
zymography
-
smoke-induced
-
elastolytic
-
proteinases
-
plasminogen
-
asthma
-
rupture
-
angiostatin
-
bal
-
instil
-
urokinase-type
-
matrilysin
-
airspace
-
mt1-mmp
-
cs-induced
-
elastases
-
smoke-exposed
-
emphysematous
-
diagnostics
-
drug development
-
elastase-induced
-
collagenase-3
-
cs-exposed
-
airflow
-
medicine
-
pharmacology
-
matrix-degrading
-
analysis
- 3.4.24.65
- metalloproteinases
- mmp-9
- pulmonary
- emphysema
- collagen
-
alveolar
- elastin
- fibrosis
-
smoke
- airway
- timp-1
-
cigarette
-
lavage
-
bronchoalveolar
- endothelial
- metastasis
- aortic
- tnf
- artery
- chemokine
- monocyte
-
smoking
- plaque
- aneurysm
- angiogenesis
- atherosclerotic
-
zymography
-
smoke-induced
-
elastolytic
- proteinases
- plasminogen
- asthma
-
rupture
- angiostatin
- bal
-
instil
-
urokinase-type
- matrilysin
-
airspace
- mt1-mmp
-
cs-induced
- elastases
-
smoke-exposed
-
emphysematous
- diagnostics
- drug development
-
elastase-induced
- collagenase-3
-
cs-exposed
-
airflow
- medicine
- pharmacology
-
matrix-degrading
- analysis
Reaction
Hydrolysis of soluble and insoluble elastin. Specific cleavages are also produced at -Ala14-/-Leu- and -Tyr16-/-Leu- in the B chain of insulin =
Synonyms
HME, hMMP-12, human macrophage elastase, Human macrophage metalloelastase, human metalloelastase, Macrophage elastase, macrophage matrix metalloproteinase, macrophage metalloelastase, macrophage-specific metalloelastase, matrix metalloproteinase 12, Matrix metalloproteinase-12, ME, Metalloelastase, MME, MMP-12, MMP12, More, mouse macrophage metalloelastase, rHME
ECTree
Advanced search results
Substrates Products
Substrates Products on EC 3.4.24.65 - macrophage elastase
Please wait a moment until all data is loaded. This message will disappear when all data is loaded.
REACTION DIAGRAM
2-aminobenzoyl-ASVATELRAQ-2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)aminoethylamide + H2O
2-aminobenzoyl-ASVATE + LRAQ-2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)aminoethylamide
2-aminobenzoyl-EPLALWRSQ-2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)aminoethylamide + H2O
2-aminobenzoyl-EPLA + LWRSQ-2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)aminoethylamide
2-aminobenzoyl-GAMFLEAIPMSIP-2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)aminoethylamide + H2O
2-aminobenzoyl-GAMF + LEAIPMSIP-2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)aminoethylamide
2-aminobenzoyl-GPLELEEAQ-2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)aminoethylamide + H2O
2-aminobenzoyl-GPLE + LEEAQ-2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)aminoethylamide
2-aminobenzoyl-GPLGLERAQ-2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)aminoethylamide + H2O
2-aminobenzoyl-GPLG + LERAQ-2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)aminoethylamide
2-aminobenzoyl-GPLGLREAQ-2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)aminoethylamide + H2O
2-aminobenzoyl-GPLG + LREAQ-2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)aminoethylamide
2-aminobenzoyl-PLALWRSQ-2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)aminoethylamide + H2O
2-aminobenzoyl-PLA + LWRSQ-2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)aminoethylamide
2-aminobenzoyl-PLGLEEA-2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)aminoethylamide + H2O
2-aminobenzoyl-PLG + LEEA-2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)aminoethylamide
2-aminobenzoyl-RGLALWRSQ-2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)aminoethylamide + H2O
2-aminobenzoyl-RGLA + LWRSQ-2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)aminoethylamide
2-aminobenzoyl-RNALAVERTAS-2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)aminoethylamide + H2O
2-aminobenzoyl-RNALA + VERTAS-2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)aminoethylamide
2-aminobenzoyl-RPLALEESQ-2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)aminoethylamide + H2O
2-aminobenzoyl-RPLA + LEESQ-2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)aminoethylamide
2-aminobenzoyl-RPLALRRSQ-2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)aminoethylamide + H2O
2-aminobenzoyl-RPLA + LRRSQ-2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)aminoethylamide
2-aminobenzoyl-RPLALWEEQ-2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)aminoethylamide + H2O
2-aminobenzoyl-RPLA + LWEEQ-2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)aminoethylamide
2-aminobenzoyl-RPLALWESQ-2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)aminoethylamide + H2O
2-aminobenzoyl-RPLA + LWESQ-2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)aminoethylamide
2-aminobenzoyl-RPLALWRSQ-2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)aminoethylamide + H2O
2-aminobenzoyl-RPLA + LWRSQ-2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)aminoethylamide
2-aminobenzoyl-RPLELWRSQ-2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)aminoethylamide + H2O
2-aminobenzoyl-RPLE + LWRSQ-2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)aminoethylamide
2-aminobenzoyl-RPLGLEEA-2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)aminoethylamide + H2O
2-aminobenzoyl-RPLG + LEEA-2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)aminoethylamide
2-aminobenzoyl-RPLGLGAAQ-2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)aminoethylamide + H2O
2-aminobenzoyl-RPLG + LGAAQ-2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)aminoethylamide
2-aminobenzoyl-RPLGLGGAQ-2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)aminoethylamide + H2O
2-aminobenzoyl-RPLG + LGGAQ-2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)aminoethylamide
2-aminobenzoyl-RPLGLWGAQ-2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)aminoethylamide + H2O
2-aminobenzoyl-RPLG + LWGAQ-2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)aminoethylamide
Collagen type I + H2O
?
-
the potential of MMP-12 in recognizing sites in human skin collagen types I and III has been investigated. The catalytic domain of MMP-12 binds to the triple helix and cleaves the typical sites -Gly775-Leu776- in alpha-2 type I collagen and -Gly775-Ile776- in alpha-1 type I and type III collagens and at multiple other sites in both collagen types. The region around these typical sites contains comparatively less prolines, of which some have been proven to be only partially hydroxylated
-
-
?
Collagen type III + H2O
?
-
the potential of MMP-12 in recognizing sites in human skin collagen types I and III has been investigated. The catalytic domain of MMP-12 binds to the triple helix and cleaves the typical sites -Gly775-Leu776- in alpha-2 type I collagen and -Gly775-Ile776- in alpha-1 type I and type III collagens and at multiple other sites in both collagen types. The region around these typical sites contains comparatively less prolines, of which some have been proven to be only partially hydroxylated
-
-
?
extracellular matrix protein + H2O
?
-
may be required for macrophages to penetrate basement membranes and remodel injured tissue during inflammation
-
?
human apolipoprotein (alpha) + H2O
?
-
cleaves in the linker region between kringles IV-4 and IV-5
-
?
Insulin B-chain + H2O
?
-
hydrolyzes Ala-Leu and Tyr-Leu, not His10-Leu11, on amino side of Leu-residue, not Val-residue
-
-
?
Mca-Pro-Leu-Gly-Leu-Dpa-Ala-Arg-NH2 + H2O
Mca-Pro-Leu-Gly + Leu-Dpa-Ala-Arg-NH2
-
-
-
-
?
Mca-Pro-Leu-Gly-Leu-Glu-Glu-Ala-Dpa-NH2 + H2O
Mca-Pro-Leu-Gly + Leu-Glu-Glu-Ala-Dpa-NH2
-
selective cleavage, the Glu-Glu motif interacts with the S'2 and S'3 subsites of MMP-12
-
-
?
2-aminobenzoyl-ASVATE + LRAQ-2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)aminoethylamide
-
-
-
?
2-aminobenzoyl-ASVATELRAQ-2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)aminoethylamide + H2O
2-aminobenzoyl-ASVATE + LRAQ-2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)aminoethylamide
-
-
-
?
?
-
-
-
?
2-aminobenzoyl-EAAPSSVIAATE-2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)aminoethylamide + H2O
?
-
-
-
?
2-aminobenzoyl-EPLA + LWRSQ-2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)aminoethylamide
minor cleavage site is E-/-PLA
-
-
?
2-aminobenzoyl-EPLALWRSQ-2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)aminoethylamide + H2O
2-aminobenzoyl-EPLA + LWRSQ-2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)aminoethylamide
minor cleavage site is E-/-PLA
-
-
?
2-aminobenzoyl-GAMF + LEAIPMSIP-2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)aminoethylamide
minor cleavage sites are LEAI-/-P-/-MSIP
-
-
?
2-aminobenzoyl-GAMFLEAIPMSIP-2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)aminoethylamide + H2O
2-aminobenzoyl-GAMF + LEAIPMSIP-2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)aminoethylamide
minor cleavage sites are LEAI-/-P-/-MSIP
-
-
?
2-aminobenzoyl-GPLE + LEEAQ-2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)aminoethylamide
-
-
-
?
2-aminobenzoyl-GPLELEEAQ-2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)aminoethylamide + H2O
2-aminobenzoyl-GPLE + LEEAQ-2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)aminoethylamide
-
-
-
?
2-aminobenzoyl-GPLG + LERAQ-2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)aminoethylamide
-
-
-
?
2-aminobenzoyl-GPLGLERAQ-2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)aminoethylamide + H2O
2-aminobenzoyl-GPLG + LERAQ-2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)aminoethylamide
-
-
-
?
2-aminobenzoyl-GPLG + LREAQ-2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)aminoethylamide
-
-
-
?
2-aminobenzoyl-GPLGLREAQ-2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)aminoethylamide + H2O
2-aminobenzoyl-GPLG + LREAQ-2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)aminoethylamide
-
-
-
?
2-aminobenzoyl-PLA + LWRSQ-2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)aminoethylamide
minor cleavage site is PL-/-A
-
-
?
2-aminobenzoyl-PLALWRSQ-2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)aminoethylamide + H2O
2-aminobenzoyl-PLA + LWRSQ-2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)aminoethylamide
minor cleavage site is PL-/-A
-
-
?
2-aminobenzoyl-PLG + LEEA-2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)aminoethylamide
-
-
-
?
2-aminobenzoyl-PLGLEEA-2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)aminoethylamide + H2O
2-aminobenzoyl-PLG + LEEA-2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)aminoethylamide
-
-
-
?
2-aminobenzoyl-RGLA + LWRSQ-2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)aminoethylamide
minor cleavage site is LW-/-RSQ
-
-
?
2-aminobenzoyl-RGLALWRSQ-2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)aminoethylamide + H2O
2-aminobenzoyl-RGLA + LWRSQ-2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)aminoethylamide
minor cleavage site is LW-/-RSQ
-
-
?
2-aminobenzoyl-RNALA + VERTAS-2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)aminoethylamide
-
-
-
?
2-aminobenzoyl-RNALAVERTAS-2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)aminoethylamide + H2O
2-aminobenzoyl-RNALA + VERTAS-2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)aminoethylamide
-
-
-
?
2-aminobenzoyl-RPLA + LEESQ-2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)aminoethylamide
-
-
-
?
2-aminobenzoyl-RPLALEESQ-2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)aminoethylamide + H2O
2-aminobenzoyl-RPLA + LEESQ-2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)aminoethylamide
-
-
-
?
2-aminobenzoyl-RPLA + LRRSQ-2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)aminoethylamide
minor cleavage site is RPL-/-A
-
-
?
2-aminobenzoyl-RPLALRRSQ-2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)aminoethylamide + H2O
2-aminobenzoyl-RPLA + LRRSQ-2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)aminoethylamide
minor cleavage site is RPL-/-A
-
-
?
2-aminobenzoyl-RPLA + LWEEQ-2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)aminoethylamide
-
-
-
?
2-aminobenzoyl-RPLALWEEQ-2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)aminoethylamide + H2O
2-aminobenzoyl-RPLA + LWEEQ-2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)aminoethylamide
-
-
-
?
2-aminobenzoyl-RPLA + LWESQ-2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)aminoethylamide
-
-
-
?
2-aminobenzoyl-RPLALWESQ-2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)aminoethylamide + H2O
2-aminobenzoyl-RPLA + LWESQ-2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)aminoethylamide
-
-
-
?
2-aminobenzoyl-RPLA + LWRSQ-2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)aminoethylamide
minor cleavage site is RPL-/-A
-
-
?
2-aminobenzoyl-RPLALWRSQ-2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)aminoethylamide + H2O
2-aminobenzoyl-RPLA + LWRSQ-2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)aminoethylamide
minor cleavage site is RPL-/-A
-
-
?
2-aminobenzoyl-RPLE + LWRSQ-2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)aminoethylamide
minor cleavage site is RPL-/-E
-
-
?
2-aminobenzoyl-RPLELWRSQ-2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)aminoethylamide + H2O
2-aminobenzoyl-RPLE + LWRSQ-2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)aminoethylamide
minor cleavage site is RPL-/-E
-
-
?
2-aminobenzoyl-RPLG + LEEA-2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)aminoethylamide
-
-
-
?
2-aminobenzoyl-RPLGLEEA-2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)aminoethylamide + H2O
2-aminobenzoyl-RPLG + LEEA-2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)aminoethylamide
-
-
-
?
2-aminobenzoyl-RPLG + LGAAQ-2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)aminoethylamide
-
-
-
?
2-aminobenzoyl-RPLGLGAAQ-2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)aminoethylamide + H2O
2-aminobenzoyl-RPLG + LGAAQ-2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)aminoethylamide
-
-
-
?
2-aminobenzoyl-RPLG + LGGAQ-2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)aminoethylamide
-
-
-
?
2-aminobenzoyl-RPLGLGGAQ-2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)aminoethylamide + H2O
2-aminobenzoyl-RPLG + LGGAQ-2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)aminoethylamide
-
-
-
?
2-aminobenzoyl-RPLG + LWGAQ-2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)aminoethylamide
minor cleavage site is RPL-/-G
-
-
?
2-aminobenzoyl-RPLGLWGAQ-2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)aminoethylamide + H2O
2-aminobenzoyl-RPLG + LWGAQ-2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)aminoethylamide
minor cleavage site is RPL-/-G
-
-
?
Elastin + H2O
?
-
MMP-12 is active against multiple extracellular protein substrates such as elastin, its effect on elastin is central to emphysema in the lung and photoaging of skin, its expression in the skin increases on photodamaged skin and upon aging
-
-
?
Elastin + H2O
?
-
cleavage site determination and peptide mapping by mass spectrometry, based on the human tropoelastin isoform 9 sequence, SwissProt accession number P15502-9, preference of amino acids Ala and Gly at subsites, overview
-
-
?
Elastin + H2O
?
-
a key structural component of the lung extracellular matrix
-
-
?
Mca-Pro-Leu-Gly-Leu-Dpa-Ala-Arg-NH2 + H2O
?
-
soluble Knight's peptide substrate MCA-Pro-Leu-Gly-Leu-Dpa-Ala-Arg-NH2
-
-
?
Elastin + H2O
additional information
-
-
preferentially cleaves on amino-side of Leus, not Val
products of elastin hydrolysis are predominantly high MW peptides, MW 90000-100000
?
additional information
?
-
able to degrade all components of extracellular matrix
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
able to degrade all components of extracellular matrix
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
important role in inflammatory processes contributing to tissue remodelling
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
macrophage-derived overexpression of MMP-12 causes accelerated atherosclerosis. Overexpression of human MMP-12 in macrophages of rabbits results in enhanced atherosclerosis
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
MMP-12 exacerbates atherosclerosis, emphysema, aortic aneurysm, rheumatoid arthritis, and inflammatory bowel disease
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the enzyme induces inflammation in murine airways after direct instillation eliciting the inflammatory response by neutrophil influx, cytokine release, and gelatinase activation, and delayed response by macrophage recruitment, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the enzyme induces inflammation in murine airways after direct instillation eliciting the inflammatory response by neutrophil influx, cytokine release, and gelatinase activation, and delayed response by macrophage recruitment, resident alveolar macrophages and recruited neutrophils do not play a role in the delayed macrophage recruitment induced by MMP-12, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the enzyme plays an important role in inflammatory processes and is involved in a number of physiological or pathological situations, such as conversion of plasminogen into angiostatin, allergic airway inflammation, vascular remodeling or alteration, as well as emphysema
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
active site structure, surfaces and internal pocket between helix B and beta-strand IV in the active-site cleft, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
HME has the ability to convert plasminogen into angiostatin, an essential and potent inhibitor of endothelial cell proliferation and tumor angiogenesis
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
MMP-12 has in vitro, a wide variety of potential substrates, including type IV collagen, fibronectin, laminin, and gelatin, as well as non-matrix proteins such as alpha1-antitrypsin and latent TNF-alpha
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
the catalytic domain of MMP-12 is unique among MMPs in that it is very highly active on numerous substrates including elastin
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the catalytic domain of MMP-12 is unique among MMPs in that it is very highly active on numerous substrates including elastin
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
substrate specificity analysis using several peptide substrates, peptide design and evaluation, docking study, detailed overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
substrate specificity analysis using several peptide substrates, peptide design and evaluation, docking study, detailed overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
acetyl-Ala-Ala-Ala 4-nitroanilide or benzyloxycarbonyl-Ala 2-naphthyl esters
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
no substrates are Glu-Ala-Leu-Tyr-Leu-Val (i.e. residues 13-18 of insulin B-chain)
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
MMP-12 does not appear to be involved in the fibrogenic pathway of bleomycin-induced lung injury. MMP-12 deficiency does not influence the bleomycin-induced raise of neither TGF-beta-1 nor TIMP-1 in lung, which are described as important pro-fibrogenic effectors
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
protease-activated receptor 1, PAR-1, controls MMP-12 release
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the enzyme is important for allowing macrophage migration through extracellular matrix, and probably plays an important role in the causation of inflammatory bowel disease, IBD, MMP-12 expression is increased in ulcerative colitis and in Crohns disease
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
no activity with interstitial collagens or gelatin
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
MMP12 has a direct bactericidal activity but is unable to kill certain bacteria such as those that have the ability to escape the phagosome, which is exerted by the C-terminal domain, that also alone shows bacterial killing activity
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
MMP12 is involved in bacterial clearance. Intracellular stores of MMP12 are mobilized to macrophage phagolysosomes after the ingestion of bacterial pathogens. Once inside phagolysosomes, MMP12 adheres to bacterial cell walls where it disrupts cellular membranes resulting in bacterial death. The bacterial killing requires the SR20 sequence, 344-SRNQLFLFKDEKYWLINNLV-363, which alone is also active, but shorter four-amino-acid peptides, Ser-Gly-Arg-Gln, Lys-Asp-Asp-Lys and Lys-Asp-Glu-Lys, do not show antimicrobial activity, suggesting that the loop structure of the protein is required for bacterial killing
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
MMP-12 has in vitro, a wide variety of potential substrates, including type IV collagen, fibronectin, laminin, and gelatin, as well as non-matrix proteins such as alpha1-antitrypsin and latent TNF-alpha
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
MMP12, through the catalytic domain, can cleave a variety of substrates in addition to elastin such as type IV collagen, fibronectin, and gelatin in in vitro assays
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
the catalytic domain of MMP-12 is unique among MMPs in that it is very highly active on numerous substrates including elastin
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the catalytic domain of MMP-12 is unique among MMPs in that it is very highly active on numerous substrates including elastin
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
substrate specificity analysis using several peptide substrates, peptide design and evaluation, docking study, detailed overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
substrate specificity analysis using several peptide substrates, peptide design and evaluation, docking study, detailed overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
protease-activated receptor 1, PAR-1, controls MMP-12 release
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the enzyme is involved in the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and airway inflammation and is associated with allergic bronchial asthma, phenotype, overview
-
-
?