3.4.21.68: t-Plasminogen activator
This is an abbreviated version!
For detailed information about t-Plasminogen activator, go to the full flat file.
Word Map on EC 3.4.21.68
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3.4.21.68
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pai-1
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stroke
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inhibitor-1
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artery
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thrombolysis
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fibrinolysis
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endothelial
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infarct
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phorbol
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hemorrhage
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urokinase
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fibrin
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coronary
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clot
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myocardial
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coagulation
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cerebral
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12-o-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate
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fibrinogen
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occlusion
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bleeding
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platelet
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reperfusion
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heparin
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venous
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pkc
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urokinase-type
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upa
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13-acetate
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anticoagulant
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embolism
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thrombus
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intracranial
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willebrand
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angiography
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thrombotic
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recanalization
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streptokinase
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hemostatic
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prothrombin
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d-dimers
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thromboembolic
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patency
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endovascular
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intra-arterial
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antithrombin
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angioplasty
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thrombomodulin
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prothrombotic
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hypercoagulable
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drug development
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diagnostics
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medicine
- 3.4.21.68
- pai-1
- stroke
- inhibitor-1
- artery
-
thrombolysis
-
fibrinolysis
- endothelial
- infarct
-
phorbol
- hemorrhage
- urokinase
- fibrin
- coronary
- clot
- myocardial
- coagulation
- cerebral
- 12-o-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate
- fibrinogen
- occlusion
- bleeding
- platelet
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reperfusion
- heparin
- venous
- pkc
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urokinase-type
- upa
-
13-acetate
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anticoagulant
- embolism
- thrombus
- intracranial
- willebrand
-
angiography
-
thrombotic
-
recanalization
- streptokinase
-
hemostatic
- prothrombin
-
d-dimers
-
thromboembolic
-
patency
-
endovascular
-
intra-arterial
- antithrombin
-
angioplasty
- thrombomodulin
-
prothrombotic
-
hypercoagulable
- drug development
- diagnostics
- medicine
Reaction
Specific cleavage of Arg-/-Val bond in plasminogen to form plasmin =
Synonyms
Alteplase, BAT-PA, desmoteplase, DSPA beta, DSPA gamma, EC 3.4.21.31, EC 3.4.99.26, human tissue-type plasminogen activator, IV t-PA, IV tissue plasminogen activator, More, plasminogen activator, Plasminogen activator, tissue-type, PLAT, r-tPA, recombinant tissue plasminogen activator, Reteplase, rt-PA, rtPA, sc-tPA, sctPA, single chain enzyme tPA, t-PA, t-PA protein, t-plasminogen activator, tc-tPA, tctPA, Tissue plasminogen activator, tissue type plasminogen activator, tissue-plasminogen activator, Tissue-type plasminogen activator, tissue-type plasmiongen activator, tPA, two chain tPA
ECTree
3.4.21.68 t-Plasminogen activatorAdvanced search results
results (
results (Source Tissue
Source Tissue on EC 3.4.21.68 - t-Plasminogen activator
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SOURCE TISSUE 
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY 
LITERATURE
SOURCE
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primary astroglial cultures prepared from newborn rat cerebral cortices
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in vitro model of the blood-brain barrier, primary rat astrocyte-enriched cultures are co-cultured with primary adult rat brain microvascular endothelial cells on opposite sides of a transwell membrane
incubated with culture medium containing polyriboinosinic:polyribocytidylic acid RNA in different concentrations
additional information
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longer (more than 4 h) half-life in bloodstream circulation compared to human tPA (5-10 min)
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tPA has a half-life in the bloodstream in humans of 5 to 10 min. This short half-life prevents tPA from acting on subsequent and continued vessel occlusions that occur
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promotes events associated with synaptic plasticity and cell death, such as neurodegeneration and seizures
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tPA is induced in epilepsy by a mechanism underlying seizure activity. Expression and cellular distribution of tPA in several epileptogenic pathologies, including hippocampal sclerosis, and developmental glioneuronal lesions, such as focal cortical dysplasia, cortical tubers in patients with the tuberous sclerosis complex and in gangliogliomas, using immuno-cytochemical, western blot and real-time quantitative PCR analysis, overview. The analysis shows increased expression within the epileptogenic lesions compared to control specimens in both glial and neuronal cells. Quantitative real-time quantitative PCR analysis of tPA mRNA expression, overview
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a decreased expression on the protein and on the mRNA level in elderly mice and in mice overproducing amyloid-beta peptide assemblies is shown
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tPA is expressed widely in the central nervous system and is involved in mechanisms of synaptic regulation and synaptic plasticity, both during development and in the mature brain
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tissue-type plasminogen activator is a major protease of the central nervous system
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mutant form of t-PA in which the active site serine is replaced by alanine, from Genentech, San Francisco
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arterial and venous concentrations of t-PA are significantly lower in hypertensive patients than in normotensive subjects
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in plasma no t-PA activity is found but, after acid treatment or euglobulin precipitation part of the t-PA becomes active, the t-PA activity in euglobulin fractions of normal individuals is highly variable from person to person
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patients with depression show significantly lower plasma tPA concentrations than normal persons
additional information
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decreased expression of tPA protein and mRNA by insulin and TSH
additional information
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16-year-old, previously healthy female who presents with a basilar artery occlusion and pontine ischemic stroke
additional information
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tPA is strongly associated with agglomerates. Fine fibrin is a better surface for plasminogen activation but more resistant to lysis
additional information
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real-time PCR quantitative mRNA analysis and activity distribution in control and stimulated brain sections, overview
additional information
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tPA colocalizes with neuronal marker MAP2, astrocytic marker glial fibrillary acidic protein, microglial marker isolectin IB4, or endothelial marker von Willebrand factor, overview
additional information
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real-time PCR quantitative mRNA analysis and activity distribution in control and stimulated brain sections, overview
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additional information
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tPA colocalizes with neuronal marker MAP2, astrocytic marker glial fibrillary acidic protein, microglial marker isolectin IB4, or endothelial marker von Willebrand factor, overview
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additional information
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less tPA in SHR rats compared to Wistar-Kyoto rats after 24 h permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion
