3.1.1.1: carboxylesterase This is an abbreviated version! For detailed information about carboxylesterase, go to the full flat file .
Reaction
a carboxylic ester +
H2O =
an alcohol +
a carboxylate
Synonyms 4-nitrophenyl esterase, ACAT, Acetyl esterase, acetyl xylan esterase, acid retinyl ester hydrolase, AcXE, Acyl coenzyme A:cholesterol acyltransferase, acylcarnitine hydrolase, AF1716, AF1763, AFEST, ali-esterase, aliesterase, alpha-carboxylesterase, alpha-esterase 7, alphaE7, alphaEsterase7, AOPP herbicide carboxylesterase, APE1547, AREH, aspirin hydrolase, Axe1NaM1, Axe1NaM2, Axe1NaM3, B-esterase, Bacillus esterase, BdB1, BioHe, BioHs, Brain carboxylesterase hBr1, BSE, BsE-NP01, BSE01701, butyrate esterase, butyryl esterase, CaE, CaesCCR11, carboxyesterase, Carboxyesterase ES-10, carboxyl ester hydrolase, carboxyl esterase, carboxyl/cholinesterase, carboxylate esterase, carboxylesterase, carboxylesterase 1, carboxylesterase 1A2, carboxylesterase 1C, carboxylesterase 2, carboxylesterase B, carboxylesterase B1, carboxylesterase-1, carboxylesterase-2, Carboxylesterase-5C, carboxylic acid esterase, carboxylic ester hydrolase, carboxylic esterase, Carboxylic-ester hydrolase, CarE, CbE, CCE, CE, CE-1, CE-2, CE1, CE2, CE21p, CE7 AcXE, CEH, CES, CES 1C, CES-2, CES1, CES1-b, CES1-c, CES1A, CES1A1, CES1A2, Ces1c, Ces1d, Ces1e, Ces1g, CES2, CES2A1, Ces3-1, Ces3a, cholesteryl ester hydrolase, cocaine esterase, cocaine:benzoylecgonine esterase, COE, CPT-CE, CXE, CXE1, CXE10, D1CarE5, de-arenethiolase, DEHP, E3 carboxylesterase, E34Tt, EC 3.1.1.21, Egasyn, ES-10, Es-22, ES-HTEL, ES-HVEL, ES-Male, ES-THET, ES10, ES11, ES3, ES4, ES5, ES6, ES7, ES9, EST, EST-3, EST-4, EST-5A, EST-5B, EST-5C, Est-AF, Est0071, Est1, Est1C, EST2, ESt3, Est3 esterase, Est30, Est55, EstA, EstA esterase, EstB, estBB1, EstC, EstC1, esterase, esterase 1F, esterase 2, esterase 2B, esterase 6A, esterase 9A, esterase A, esterase B, esterase B1, esterase D, esterase Sso2518, esterase, carboxyl, Esterase-22, Esterase-31, esterase-6, EStFa, EstGtA2, EstP, EstPS1, EstSt7, EstU1, Fluazifop-P-butyl carboxylesterase, Fluazifop-P-butyl hydrolase, FpbH, fungus-inducible pepper carboxylesterase, general odorant degradation enzyme, GODE, hCE-2, HCE1, HCE2, hCES1, hiCE, HMSE, hormone-sensitive lipase, HSL, human carboxylesterase 1, human carboxylesterase 2, human liver carboxylesterase, ICE, ICXE14, JHE-related, JHER, kidney bean esterase, Kidney microsomal carboxylesterase, LcalphaE7, LIP4, LipA, LipC, Liver microsomal carboxylesterase, malathion carboxylesterase, MAP esterase, MCE, ME, MeIAA esterase, MeSA esterase, methylbutyrase, methylbutyrate esterase, mfCES2v3, Microsomal palmitoyl-CoA hydrolase, monobutyrase, Monocyte/macrophage serine esterase, More, mouse carboxylesterase, MT2282, NaM1, NaM2, NaM3, Non-specific carboxylesterase, nonspecific carboxylesterase, ODE, odorant degradation enzyme, P186_1588, PA3859, PepEST, PF2001, Pf2001 esterase, PI 5.5 esterase, PI 6.1 esterase, pig liver esterase, PLE, PMPMEase, pnbA, PnbA1, PnbA2, polyisoprenylated methylated protein methyl esterase, porcine liver carboxylesterase, PPE, PPMTase, PrbA, prenylated methylated protein methyl esterase, procaine esterase, Proline-beta-naphthylamidase, propionyl esterase, pyrethroid-hydrolysing esterase, Rsp3690, SABP2's methyl salicylate esterase, salicylic acid-binding protein 2, SeE, serine protease-like, serine-type carboxylesterase, SexiCXE10, SiRe0290, SshEstI, SshEstI esterase, Sso P1 carboxylesterase, Sso-EST1, SSO2493, SSO2517, SSoP1 CE, SsoPEst, ST0071, ST2026, STK_00710, Sto-Est, TGH, triacetin esterase, triacylglycerol hydrolase, vitamin A esterase, VmoLac
ECTree
Source Tissue
Source Tissue on EC 3.1.1.1 - carboxylesterase
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epididymal
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of leaf
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first 48 h post-fertilization
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the expression of the carboxylesterases ES4 and ES10 endothelial cells is 5-10fold lower than that in hepatocytes
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induced pluripotent stem cell-derived enterocytes
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lung
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keratinocyte, high abundance of isoform hCE2, but not hCE1
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low expression
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hepatocyte, high abundance of isoforms hCE1 and hCE2
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from stems and leaves
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mycelium-bound enzyme
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enzyme overexpression
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induced pluripotent stem cell
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kidney bean
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apex
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enzyme overexpression
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from 6th instar larva heads, antenna-biased carboxylesterase
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predominant expression in the olfactory sensilla
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very low activity
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isozyme CE2
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the expression of carboxylesterase 2 in colorectal cancer tissue is downregulated following progression of disease
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enzyme overexpression
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recombinant enzyme
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low expression
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high expression of CES2 in human intestine epithelial cells
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primary human intestinal epithelial cells
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presence of both isoforms hCE1, hCE2. Dominant isoform is hCE2
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isozyme CE2
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isozyme CES2
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human intestinal CE, hiCE
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intestinal CE
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CES2 is mainly expressed in the intestine
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low expression
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predominant expression of CES1 in kidney
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low expression
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predominant expression of isozyme CES2
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CES1 but not CES2 is strongly expressed in kidney
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CES1 and CES2 are strongly expressed in liver
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CES1 but not CES2 is strongly expressed in kidney
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third-instar larvae
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6th instar larva
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of seedling
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bud of
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comparison of hydrolytic activites with those of human, rats, monkeys, and dogs
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CES1 and CES2 are expressed in liver
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CES1 but not CES2 is expressed in liver
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170991 , 171009 , 171013 , 171024 , 649334 , 649820 , 668390 , 690861 , 696128 , 710629 , 710688 , 714472 , 715525 , 715852 , 729631 , 730999 brenda
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high expression
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isozymes CE-1 and CE-2
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6fold interindividual variation in isoform hCE1 expression in hepatic cytosol
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comparison of hydrolytic activites with those of rats, rabbits, monkeys, and dogs
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liver microsome
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presence of both isoforms hCE1, hCE2. Dominant isoform is hCE1
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highest expression in liver
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isozyme CE1
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isozyme CES1
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most of all CES1 family, except CES1G, are mainly expressed in liver
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CES1 and CES2, S9 fraction, HL1220 and HL1274
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CES1-b is the predominant form in human liver
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CES1 is mainly expressed in the liver
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CES1 but not CES2 is strongly expressed in liver
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CES1 and CES2 are strongly expressed in liver
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comparison of hydrolytic activites with those of human, rabbits, monkeys, and dogs
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high expression
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comparison of hydrolytic activites with those of human, rabbits, monkeys, and dogs
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CES1 but not CES2 is strongly expressed in liver
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170997 , 171000 , 171010 , 171011 , 650852 , 650855 , 652612 , 669998 , 679535 , 692927 , 729570 , 729652 , 750445 , 751162 brenda
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predominant expression of CES1 in lung
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low expression
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predominant expression of isozyme CES1
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very low activity
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predominant expression of isozyme CES1
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high expression
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CES1 but not CES2 is strongly expressed in lung
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enzyme overexpression
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CES1, no expression of CES2
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high enzyme content
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at least 4 major isoenzymes
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CES1, no expression of CES2
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very low activity
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very low activity
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of 8-week-old rats
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of 8-week-old rats
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distribution of esterases in skin. Skin from ear and back of male minpig shows higher enzyme activity than female
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predominant expression of CES1 in small intestine
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high expression
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comparison of hydrolytic activites with those of rats, rabbits, monkeys, and dogs
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predominant expression of isozyme CES2
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CES2 but not CES1 is strongly expressed in small intestine
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predominant expression of isozyme CES2
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comparison of hydrolytic activites with those of human, rabbits, monkeys, and dogs
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comparison of hydrolytic activites with those of human, rabbits, monkeys, and dogs
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CES2 but not CES1 is strongly expressed in small intestine
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very low activity
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very low activity
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isozyme CES1 but not CES2 is expressed in THP-1 cells
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CES1, no expression of CES2
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additional information
AtMES17 is expressed at the highest levels in shoot apex, stem, and root, expression pattern of AtMES17, overview
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additional information
BdB1 is significantly more abundant in multiple tissues in the malathion-resistant strain, MR. Expression profiles of BdB1 in the MR and MS strains of Bacterocera dorsalis, overview. The transcripts of BdB1 are expressed 8.64fold higher in the whole body, 3.5fold higher in the head, 13.53fold higher in the midgut and 5.56fold higher in the fat body in the MR strain than those in the MS strain
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additional information
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BdB1 is significantly more abundant in multiple tissues in the malathion-resistant strain, MR. Expression profiles of BdB1 in the MR and MS strains of Bacterocera dorsalis, overview. The transcripts of BdB1 are expressed 8.64fold higher in the whole body, 3.5fold higher in the head, 13.53fold higher in the midgut and 5.56fold higher in the fat body in the MR strain than those in the MS strain
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additional information
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no enzymic activity in small intestine
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additional information
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not detected in small intestine
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additional information
the mRNA expression levels of CES1A1 in small intestine and testis are low, and the level is very low in the brain, CES1A2 mRNA is not detected in small intestine
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additional information
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the mRNA expression levels of CES1A1 in small intestine and testis are low, and the level is very low in the brain, CES1A2 mRNA is not detected in small intestine
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additional information
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expression patterns of carboxylesterase isozymes CES2A1 and CES1A in Caco-2 cells differ from those in the human small intestine
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additional information
expression patterns of carboxylesterase isozymes CES2A1 and CES1A in Caco-2 cells differ from those in the human small intestine
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additional information
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expression patterns of carboxylesterase isozymes CES2A1 and CES1A in Caco-2 cells differ from those in the human small intestine. Development of a system to evaluate intestinal pharmacokinetics, CES expression and function in human induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cell-derived enterocytes are analyzed. CES2A1 mRNA and protein levels in human iPS cell-derived enterocytes are comparable to Caco-2 cells, whereas CES1A levels are lower in human iPS cell-derived enterocytes compared with Caco-2 cells. The expression and activity of CES isozymes in human iPS cell-derived enterocytes are more similar to the human small intestine compared with Caco-2 cells
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additional information
expression patterns of carboxylesterase isozymes CES2A1 and CES1A in Caco-2 cells differ from those in the human small intestine. Development of a system to evaluate intestinal pharmacokinetics, CES expression and function in human induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cell-derived enterocytes are analyzed. CES2A1 mRNA and protein levels in human iPS cell-derived enterocytes are comparable to Caco-2 cells, whereas CES1A levels are lower in human iPS cell-derived enterocytes compared with Caco-2 cells. The expression and activity of CES isozymes in human iPS cell-derived enterocytes are more similar to the human small intestine compared with Caco-2 cells
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additional information
no enzyme activity against anordrin in human blood and plasma
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additional information
no enzyme activity against anordrin in human blood and plasma
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additional information
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no enzyme activity against anordrin in human blood and plasma
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additional information
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not expressed in lung
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additional information
no activity in heart, skeletal muscle, and testis
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additional information
O35535
no isozyme expression in brain, thymus, heart, and spleen
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additional information
no isozyme expression in brain, thymus, heart, and spleen
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additional information
no isozyme expression in brain, thymus, heart, and spleen
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additional information
no isozyme expression in brain, thymus, heart, and spleen
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additional information
no isozyme expression in brain, thymus, heart, and spleen
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additional information
no isozyme expression in brain, thymus, heart, and spleen
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additional information
not expressed in Kupffer cells and HSC cells
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additional information
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optimal production at 18°C for NaM3
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additional information
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optimal production at 25°C for NaM1
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additional information
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optimal production at 25°C for NaM2
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