1.3.5.1: succinate dehydrogenase
This is an abbreviated version!
For detailed information about succinate dehydrogenase, go to the full flat file.
Word Map on EC 1.3.5.1
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1.3.5.1
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paragangliomas
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fiber
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malate
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atpase
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citrate
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light-harvesting
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tricarboxylic
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pheochromocytoma
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germline
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histocompatibility
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isocitrate
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glycogen
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3-nitropropionic
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photosystems
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wistar
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lhcii
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fungicide
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chlorophyl
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tca
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triphosphatase
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krebs
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flavoproteins
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histochemistry
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soleus
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bioenergetics
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thylakoids
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huntington
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striatal
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gastrocnemius
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cytochemical
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mtdna
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aconitase
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glucose-6-phosphatase
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antenna
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rotenone
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gist
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antimycin
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oxphos
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lateralis
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vastus
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myofibrillar
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supercomplexes
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submitochondrial
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hippel-lindau
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fast-twitch
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pdgfra
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subsarcolemmal
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plantaris
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non-photochemical
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excitonic
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biotechnology
-
medicine
-
diagnostics
-
molecular biology
- 1.3.5.1
- paragangliomas
- fiber
- malate
- atpase
- citrate
-
light-harvesting
-
tricarboxylic
- pheochromocytoma
-
germline
-
histocompatibility
- isocitrate
- glycogen
-
3-nitropropionic
- photosystems
- wistar
- lhcii
-
fungicide
-
chlorophyl
- tca
- triphosphatase
-
krebs
- flavoproteins
-
histochemistry
- soleus
-
bioenergetics
- thylakoids
- huntington
- striatal
- gastrocnemius
-
cytochemical
- mtdna
- aconitase
- glucose-6-phosphatase
- antenna
- rotenone
-
gist
- antimycin
-
oxphos
- lateralis
-
vastus
- myofibrillar
-
supercomplexes
-
submitochondrial
- hippel-lindau
-
fast-twitch
-
pdgfra
-
subsarcolemmal
- plantaris
-
non-photochemical
-
excitonic
- biotechnology
- medicine
- diagnostics
- molecular biology
Reaction
Synonyms
8-methylmenaquinol:fumarate reductase, AaSdhB, bacterial succinate:quinone oxidoreductase flavoprotein, complex II, Complex II homolog, complex II of the respiratory chain, complex II succinate:ubiquinone oxidoreductase, DCPIP oxidoreductase, dehydrogenase, succinate, dehydrogenase/complex II, EC 1.3.5.4, EC 1.3.99.1, Fcc3, fdrB, FL cyt, Flavocytochrome c3, FRD, FrdA, FRdABCD, FrdC, FRdCAB, FrdD, fumarate reductase, fumarate reductase complex, fumaric hydrogenase, Ifc3, Iron(III)-induced flavocytochrome C3, iron-sulfur subunit of succinate dehydrogenase, menaquinol-1 fumarate reductase, menaquinol-fumarate oxidoreductase, menaquinol:fumarate oxidoreductase, methylmenaquinol:fumarate reductase, MFR, MFR complex, MfrA, MfrB, mitochondrial complex II, mitochondrial succinate dehydrogenase, mitochondrial succinate:ubiquinone oxidoreductase, More, mQFR, MSMEG_0416, MSMEG_0417, MSMEG_0418, MSMEG_0419, MSMEG_0420, MSMEG_1669, MSMEG_1670, MSMEG_1671, MSMEG_1672, non-classical succinate:quinone reductase, QFR, quinol-fumarate reductase, quinol:fumarate reductase, SDG, SDG-1, SDG-2, SDH, SDH1, SDH2, SDH2-1, SDH2-2, SDH3, SDH4, SdhA, sdhABE, SDHB, SdhC, sdhCAB, SdhCDAB, SdhD, SDISP, SQR, succinate dehydrogenase, succinate dehydrogenase (caldariellaquinone), succinate dehydrogenase (quinone), succinate dehydrogenase B, succinate dehydrogenase complex, succinate dehydrogenase flavoprotein subunit Sdh1p, succinate dehydrogenase iron-sulfur protein, succinate dehydrogenase iron-sulphur protein, succinate dehydrogenase subunit B, succinate oxidoreductase, succinate-2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol oxidoreductase, succinate-coenzyme Q reductase, succinate-quinone oxidoreductase, succinate-quinone reductase, succinate-ubiquinone oxidoreductase, succinate:caldariellaquinone oxidoreductase, succinate:menaquinone 7-reductase, succinate:menaquinone oxidoreductase, succinate:menaquinone reductase, succinate:MK reductase, succinate:quinone oxidoreductase, succinate:quinone reductase, succinate:quinone reductases, succinate:ubiquinone oxidoreductase, succinate:ubiquinone reductase, succinic acid dehydrogenase, succinic dehydrogenase, succinodehydrogenase, succinyl dehydrogenase, Tneu_0423
ECTree
1.3.5.1 succinate dehydrogenaseAdvanced search results
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Natural Substrates Products on EC 1.3.5.1 - succinate dehydrogenase
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NATURAL SUBSTRATE 
NATURAL PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
REVERSIBILITY
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
fumarate + 2,3-dimethyl-1,4-naphthohydroquinone
succinate + 2,3-dimethyl-1,4-naphthoquinone
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-
-
?
fumarate + a menaquinol
succinate + a menaquinone
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the enzyme is involved in anaerobic metabolism
-
-
?
succinate + a menaquinone
fumarate + a menaquinol
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the enzyme is involved in anaerobic respiration with fumarate as the terminal electron acceptor, and is part of an electron transport chain catalysing the oxidation of various donor substrates by fumarate
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-
?
succinate + electron acceptor
fumarate + reduced acceptor
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active in aerobic respiration, repressed during anaerobic respiration
-
-
?
fumarate + menaquinol
succinate + menaquinone
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fumarate reductase acts as part of an anaerobic respiratory chain
-
-
r
fumarate + menaquinol
succinate + menaquinone
-
the enzyme catalyzes the terminal step of the phosphorylative electron transport
-
?
fumarate + menaquinol
succinate + menaquinone
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the enzyme catalyzes the terminal step of the phosphorylative electron transport
-
?
fumarate + reduced acceptor
succinate + acceptor
the obligate autotroph requires fumarate reductase activity if it performs CO2 fixation via a reductive citric acid cycle
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-
r
fumarate + reduced acceptor
succinate + acceptor
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FrdCAB functions in vivo as both the fumarate reductase and the succinate dehydrogenase, with an apparent energetic cost when catalyzing succinate oxidation
-
-
r
succinate + a quinone
fumarate + a quinol
-
-
-
?
succinate + a quinone
fumarate + a quinol
-
-
-
?
succinate + a quinone
fumarate + a quinol
-
-
-
?
succinate + a quinone
fumarate + a quinol
-
-
-
?
succinate + a quinone
fumarate + a quinol
-
-
-
?
succinate + caldariellaquinone
fumarate + caldariellaquinol
-
-
-
r
succinate + caldariellaquinone
fumarate + caldariellaquinol
-
-
-
r
succinate + caldariellaquinone
fumarate + caldariellaquinol
-
-
-
?
succinate + caldariellaquinone
fumarate + caldariellaquinol
-
-
-
?
succinate + menaquinone
fumarate + menaquinol
-
-
-
?
succinate + menaquinone
fumarate + menaquinol
Megalodesulfovibrio gigas DSM 1382
-
-
-
?
succinate + menaquinone
fumarate + menaquinol
Thermus thermophilus HB8 / ATCC 27634 / DSM 579
-
-
-
-
?
succinate + ubiquinone
fumarate + ubiquinol
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complex II of the mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylating system
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?
succinate + ubiquinone
fumarate + ubiquinol
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complex II is the only membrane bound enzyme of the Krebs cycle, and it feeds electrons into the electron transport chain from the oxidation of succinate
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-
?
succinate + ubiquinone
fumarate + ubiquinol
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-
-
-
?
succinate + ubiquinone
fumarate + ubiquinol
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succinate dehydrogenase is a functional member of the Krebs cycle and the aerobic respiratory chain and couples the oxidation of succinate to fumarate with the reduction of quinone to quinol
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-
?
succinate + ubiquinone
fumarate + ubiquinol
-
-
-
-
?
succinate + ubiquinone
fumarate + ubiquinol
-
-
-
?
succinate + ubiquinone
fumarate + ubiquinol
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SDH is a key enzyme that catalyses the oxidation of succinate to fumarate in the tricarboxylic acid cycle. Functioning as mitochondrial complex II in the electron transport chain, it transfers electrons extracted from succinate to ubiquinone
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-
?
succinate + ubiquinone
fumarate + ubiquinol
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the enzyme is part of the tricarboxylic acid cycle, it is also a tumor suppressor. Succinate stabilizes and activates hypoxia-inducible factor HIFalpha and reversibly and competitively inhibits HIF-prolyl hydroxylase leading to induction of hypoxia in SDH-deficient cells, 2-oxoglutarate overcomes succinate-mediated inhibition of PHD in vitro, overview
-
-
?
succinate + ubiquinone
fumarate + ubiquinol
-
-
-
-
?
succinate + ubiquinone
fumarate + ubiquinol
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SDH is an essential component of the electron transport chain and of the tricarboxylic acid cycle in the mitochondrial membrane
-
-
?
succinate + ubiquinone
fumarate + ubiquinol
-
a key membrane complex in the tricarboxylic acid cycle that catalyzes the oxidation of succinate to fumarate in the mitochondrial matrix as succinate dehydrogenase
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
complex II of adult organism muscle exhibits high fumarate reductase activity and plays a key role in anaerobic electron-transport during adaptation to their microaerobic habitat, in contrast larval complex II shows a much lower fumarate reductase activity than the adult enzyme and functions as succinate dehydrogenase in aerobic respiration
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
complex II from mitochondria of the adult parasitic nematode exhibits a high fumarate reductase activity and plays a key role in the anaerobic electron transport observed in these organelles
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the enzyme has the function to oxidize succinate to fumarate, as part of the Krebs' cycle and directly couples this to the reduction of quinone in the membrane, quinol is then oxidized by the respiratory chain
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
succinate dehydrogenase is a component of the respiratory chain and operates as a compulsory member of the Krebs cycle in mammals
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-
?
additional information
?
-
-
succinate dehydrogenase is a component of the respiratory chain and operates as a compulsory member of the Krebs cycle in mammals
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-
?
additional information
?
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-
vitamin E analogues bind to the Qp site of the mitochondrial complex II causing the generation of superoxide triggering mitochondrial destabilisation and initiation of apoptotic pathways, mechanism, overview
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-
?
additional information
?
-
-
succinate dehydrogenase is a component of the respiratory chain and operates as a compulsory member of the Krebs cycle in mammals
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-
?
additional information
?
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-
approximately 10% to 15% of paragangliomas are caused by mutations in the succinate dehydrogenase genes SDHB, SDHC, or SDHD
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-
?
additional information
?
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-
enzyme subunit mutations are involved in the Carney-Stratakis syndrome and in development of gastrointestinal stromal tumors, overview
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-
?
additional information
?
-
-
germline mutations in the SDHB, SDHC or SDHD genes cause hereditary paraganglioma tumors which show constitutive activation of homeostatic mechanisms induced by oxygen deprivation/hypoxia, overview
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-
?
additional information
?
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-
germline mutations of the gene SDHB encoding succinate dehydrogenase subunit B predispose to malignant paraganglioma. Despite an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance, penetrance of the disease is incomplete and age dependent, overview
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-
?
additional information
?
-
-
germline mutations of the SDHB gene are correlated to an elevated risk of malignant, extradrenal tumor development, overview
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-
?
additional information
?
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-
high frequency of germline succinate dehydrogenase mutations in sporadic cervical paragangliomas in northern Spain, mitochondrial succinate dehydrogenase structure-function relationships and clinical-pathological correlations
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-
?
additional information
?
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-
inhibition of mitochondrial complex IV leads to secondary loss complex II-III activity: implications for the pathogenesis and treatment of mitochondrial encephalomyopathies, overview
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-
?
additional information
?
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-
mitochondrial dysfunction by complex II inhibition delays overall cell cycle progression via reactive oxygen species production, overview, complex II defects are involved in ageing and cancers such as hereditary paraganglioma and familial pheochromocytoma, overview
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-
?
additional information
?
-
-
mutations of the enzyme can cause hereditary paraganglioma and/or pheochromocytoma, overview
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-
?
additional information
?
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-
subunit mutations are involved in development of malignant paragangliomas
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-
?
additional information
?
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-
succinate dehydrogenase enzyme subunit B gene mutations cause metastatic pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma, distribution of metastases in different tissues in correlation to the enzyme expression, sites of bone involvement, overview
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-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the Cowden or Cowden-like syndromes are caused by PTEN mutations of the SDH-D gene, encoding the subunit D, the syndromes are associated with breast, thyroid and endometrial neoplasias, overview
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-
?
additional information
?
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-
the nuclear genes SDHD and SDHB encode two mitochondrial enzyme complex II subunits and are associated with the development of familial pheochromocytomas and paraganglioma, i.e. the hereditary pheochromocytoma/paraganglioma syndrome, HPPS, and the following metastasis, overview
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-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the enzyme has the function to oxidize succinate to fumarate, as part of the Krebs' cycle and directly couples this to the reduction of quinone in the membrane, quinol is then oxidized by the respiratory chain
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
membrane-bound enzyme of the citric acid cycle and the respiratory chain
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
succinate dehydrogenase flavoprotein subunit Sdh1p is bound by the mitochondrial FAD transporter, Flx1p, a member of the mitochondrial carrier family responsible for FAD transport in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, FLX1p controls SDH activity by regulating the amount of flavinylated Sdh1p, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
female BALB/c mice vaccinated with recombinant Schistiosoma japonicum succinate dehydrogenase iron-sulfur protein all revealed high levels of specific antibody and significant reduction in worm burden, liver eggs per gram, fecal eggs per gram and intrauterine eggs, compared to non-vaccinated mice, overview
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-
?
additional information
?
-
-
female BALB/c mice vaccinated with recombinant Schistiosoma japonicum succinate dehydrogenase iron-sulfur protein all revealed high levels of specific antibody and significant reduction in worm burden, liver eggs per gram, fecal eggs per gram and intrauterine eggs, compared to non-vaccinated mice, overview
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-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the fumarate reductase complex has two different reactive sites, which are essential for its function in the phosphorylative electron transport of the bacterium
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
succinate dehydrogenase is involved in aerobic metabolism as part of the citric acid cycle and of the aerobic respiratory chain, fumarate reductase participates in anaerobic respiration with fumarate as the terminal electron acceptor and is part of the electron transport chain catalysing the oxidation of various donor substrates by fumarate
-
-
?
