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1.3.5.1: succinate dehydrogenase

This is an abbreviated version!
For detailed information about succinate dehydrogenase, go to the full flat file.

Word Map on EC 1.3.5.1

Reaction

succinate
+
a quinone
=
fumarate
+
a quinol

Synonyms

8-methylmenaquinol:fumarate reductase, AaSdhB, bacterial succinate:quinone oxidoreductase flavoprotein, complex II, Complex II homolog, complex II of the respiratory chain, complex II succinate:ubiquinone oxidoreductase, DCPIP oxidoreductase, dehydrogenase, succinate, dehydrogenase/complex II, EC 1.3.5.4, EC 1.3.99.1, Fcc3, fdrB, FL cyt, Flavocytochrome c3, FRD, FrdA, FRdABCD, FrdC, FRdCAB, FrdD, fumarate reductase, fumarate reductase complex, fumaric hydrogenase, Ifc3, Iron(III)-induced flavocytochrome C3, iron-sulfur subunit of succinate dehydrogenase, menaquinol-1 fumarate reductase, menaquinol-fumarate oxidoreductase, menaquinol:fumarate oxidoreductase, methylmenaquinol:fumarate reductase, MFR, MFR complex, MfrA, MfrB, mitochondrial complex II, mitochondrial succinate dehydrogenase, mitochondrial succinate:ubiquinone oxidoreductase, More, mQFR, MSMEG_0416, MSMEG_0417, MSMEG_0418, MSMEG_0419, MSMEG_0420, MSMEG_1669, MSMEG_1670, MSMEG_1671, MSMEG_1672, non-classical succinate:quinone reductase, QFR, quinol-fumarate reductase, quinol:fumarate reductase, SDG, SDG-1, SDG-2, SDH, SDH1, SDH2, SDH2-1, SDH2-2, SDH3, SDH4, SdhA, sdhABE, SDHB, SdhC, sdhCAB, SdhCDAB, SdhD, SDISP, SQR, succinate dehydrogenase, succinate dehydrogenase (caldariellaquinone), succinate dehydrogenase (quinone), succinate dehydrogenase B, succinate dehydrogenase complex, succinate dehydrogenase flavoprotein subunit Sdh1p, succinate dehydrogenase iron-sulfur protein, succinate dehydrogenase iron-sulphur protein, succinate dehydrogenase subunit B, succinate oxidoreductase, succinate-2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol oxidoreductase, succinate-coenzyme Q reductase, succinate-quinone oxidoreductase, succinate-quinone reductase, succinate-ubiquinone oxidoreductase, succinate:caldariellaquinone oxidoreductase, succinate:menaquinone 7-reductase, succinate:menaquinone oxidoreductase, succinate:menaquinone reductase, succinate:MK reductase, succinate:quinone oxidoreductase, succinate:quinone reductase, succinate:quinone reductases, succinate:ubiquinone oxidoreductase, succinate:ubiquinone reductase, succinic acid dehydrogenase, succinic dehydrogenase, succinodehydrogenase, succinyl dehydrogenase, Tneu_0423

ECTree

     1 Oxidoreductases
         1.3 Acting on the CH-CH group of donors
             1.3.5 With a quinone or related compound as acceptor
                1.3.5.1 succinate dehydrogenase

Expression

Expression on EC 1.3.5.1 - succinate dehydrogenase

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EXPRESSION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
1-(4-chlorophenyl)-benzo-2,5-quinone treatment decreases in the mRNA levels of succinate dehydrogenase (complex II) subunits C and D (sdhc and sdhd). The decrease in sdhc and sdhd expression is associated with a significant decrease in complex II activity and increase in mitochondrial levels of reactive oxygen species
-
at least 15fold downregulated in presence of acetate, 4-hydroxybutyrate, succinate or pyruvate
both succinate dehydrogenase, SDH, and succinate:ubiquinone oxidoreductase, SQR, activity are markedly and equally downregulated when subunits SDHA and SDHB are targeted, and also when SDHC and SDHD are inhibited
-
Dhh1, a DEAD box protein, is required for the degradation of SDH4 mRNA in iron-deficient conditions. Furthermore, Cth2, an RNA-binding protein responsible for binding to AU-rich elements (ARE), promotes the 5' to 3' degradation of SDH4 mRNA. The final results suggest that Cth2 protein recruits the Dhh1 helicase to promote SDH4 mRNA decay in response to iron-deficiency
-
expression is upregulated in plants exposed to drought. The SDH1-like transcript level begins to increase when the leaf relative water content decreases to 78% and peaks when the relative water content drops to 57%. In stressed leaves sprayed with abscisic acid, SDH1 mRNA accumulates in greater levels compared to stressed leaves that do not receive abscisic acid. The enzymatic activity increases 1.5fold in the mature leaves of abscisic acid-treated plants
fnr and arcA gene products both act to repress SDHC expression in response to oxygen. The EIICBGlc protein (the ptsG gene product) is a crucial mediator of the repression of the sdhCDAB operon in the presence of glucose. It acts via the transcription factor crp, which directly regulates expression of the sdhCDAB operon. The glucose repression of this operon occurs in a cAMP-dependent manner
fumarate reductase expression is repressed under conditions of growth during which electron transport to oxygen or to nitrate is possible
-
fumarate reductase is expressed under anaerobic growth conditions
-
in Brassica hexaploids transcriptions of SDH genes are activated by long non-coding RNAs possibly to stimulate energy production via TCA cycle
-
in Neisseria meningitides low iron condition leads to high expression of NrrF. The latter is an sRNA that targets sdhCDAB transcript and promotes its degradation with the assistance of Hfq chaperone. The concentration of iron is sensed by Fur which represses the genes responsible for iron uptake with the assistance of ferrous iron as a corepressor
-
in yeast, glucose represses the transcription of SDH2 (SDHB homologue) by a mechanism in which the upstream promoter sequence of SDHB, containing four regulatory elements, is shown to interact with the HAP2/3/4 transcription activator complex. Maximum expression of SDH1 (SDHA homologue) and SDH3 (SDHC homologue) require the same transcription activator. Accordingly, the expression of SDH1 and SDH3 is enhanced 5 times more strongly on galactose than on glucose. Likewise, an increase in the abundance of SDH4 (SDHD homologue) mRNA observed in media containing galactose rather than glucose. Therefore it seems that the same transcription activator complex regulates the transcription of all 4 genes encoding subunits of SDH
Q00711; P21801; P33421; P37298
low levels of NFR-1 downregulate SDHA and thereby SDH complex expression. This stabilizes HIF-1 and promotes its nuclear translocation and high expression of glucose transporters and heme oxygenase-1. Deacetylation also occurs in histones by histone deacetylases (HDACs). The inhibition of class I HDACs results in higher expression of SDH and promotion of oxidative phosphorylation in skeletal muscles and adipose tissues. Chidamide, a histone deacetylase inhibitor increases SDHA expression
P31040; P21912; Q99643; O14521
sdhABE operon is upregulated in an oxygen-limited environment as compared with microaerophilic laboratory conditions
-
the nuclear respiratory factor-1 (NRF-1) induces SDH expression through binding to the gene promoters of SDHA and SDHD in the aerobic cardiomyocyte
P31040; P21912; Q99643; O14521
the QFR complex provides electron transport during anaerobic cell growth conditions. The transcription of the frdABCD operon responds to environmental as well as internal cell signals to modulate gene expression. The transcription is coupled to that of the succinate-ubiquinone oxidase, EC 1.3.5.1, overview
the SQR complex provides electron transport during aerobic cell growth conditions. The transcription of the sdhCDAB operon responds to environmental as well as internal cell signals to modulate gene expression. The transcription is coupled to that of the menaquinol-fumarate oxidoreductase, EC 1.3.5.4, overview