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Literature summary for 6.3.1.2 extracted from

  • Wedler, F.C.; Shreve, D.S.; Kenney, R.M.; Ashour, A.E.; Carfi, J.
    Two glutamine synthetases from Bacillus caldolyticus, an extreme thermophile. Isolation, physicochemical and kinetic properties (1980), J. Biol. Chem., 255, 9507-9516.
    View publication on PubMed
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KM Value [mM]

KM Value [mM] KM Value Maximum [mM] Substrate Comment Organism Structure
additional information
-
 additional information
-
 [Bacillus] caldolyticus
0.2
-
 NH4+ NH4+, biosynthetic assay, Mg2+-activated, enzyme form EII [Bacillus] caldolyticus
0.35
-
 hydroxylamine Mn2+-activated, enzyme form EII [Bacillus] caldolyticus
0.4
-
 hydroxylamine Mn2+-activated, enzyme form EI [Bacillus] caldolyticus
0.48
-
 NH4+ biosynthetic assay, Mn2+-stimulated, enzyme form EI [Bacillus] caldolyticus
0.53
-
 ATP biosynthetic assay, Mg2+-activated, enzyme form EII [Bacillus] caldolyticus
0.56
-
 NH4+ hydroxylamine, Mg2+-activated, enzyme form EII [Bacillus] caldolyticus
1.5
-
 ATP ATP, biosynthetic assay, Mn2+-activated, enzyme form EII [Bacillus] caldolyticus
2.9
-
 ATP biosynthetic assay, Mg2+-activated, enzyme form EI [Bacillus] caldolyticus
3
-
 Glu ATP, biosynthetic assay, Mn2+-activated, enzyme form EI [Bacillus] caldolyticus
17
-
 L-Glu biosynthetic assay, Mg2+-activated, enzyme form I or Mn2+-activated, enzyme form EII. [Bacillus] caldolyticus
18
-
 L-Glu L-Glu, biosynthetic assay, Mg2+-activated, enzyme form EII [Bacillus] caldolyticus

Metals/Ions

Metals/Ions Comment Organism Structure
Cd2+ activates enzyme form EII more than EI [Bacillus] caldolyticus
Co2+ only enzyme form E1 is activated [Bacillus] caldolyticus
Mg2+ divalent cation required, enzyme form EI is more active with Mg2+ than with Mn2+, but EII is more active with Mn2+ than Mg2+ [Bacillus] caldolyticus
Mn2+ divalent cation required, enzyme form EI is more active with Mg2+ than with Mn2+, but EII is more active with Mn2+ than Mg2+ [Bacillus] caldolyticus

Molecular Weight [Da]

Molecular Weight [Da] Molecular Weight Maximum [Da] Comment Organism
51000
-
 12 * 51000, SDS-PAGE [Bacillus] caldolyticus
330000 370000 gel filtration [Bacillus] caldolyticus

Organism

Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
[Bacillus] caldolyticus
-
 two enzyme forms: EI and EII
-

Purification (Commentary)

Purification (Comment) Organism
two enzyme forms EI and EII [Bacillus] caldolyticus

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
ATP + L-Glu + NH4+ enzyme form EII is almost absolutely specific for ATP, but enzyme form E1 can also use ITP, GTP and UTP [Bacillus] caldolyticus ADP + phosphate + L-Gln
-
 ?
Gln + hydroxylamine + ADP
-
 [Bacillus] caldolyticus gamma-Glutamylhydroxamate + NH4+ + ?
-
 ?
GTP + L-Glu + NH4+ enzyme form EII is almost absolutely specific for ATP, but enzyme form E1 can also use ITP, GTP and UTP [Bacillus] caldolyticus GDP + phosphate + L-Gln
-
 ?
ITP + L-Glu + NH4+ enzyme form EII is almost absolutely specific for ATP, but E1 can also use ITP, GTP and UTP [Bacillus] caldolyticus IDP + phosphate + L-Gln
-
 ?
UTP + L-Glu + NH4+ enzyme form EII is almost absolutely specific for ATP, but E1 can also use ITP, GTP and UTP [Bacillus] caldolyticus UDP + phosphate + L-Gln
-
 ?

Subunits

Subunits Comment Organism
dodecamer 12 * 51000, SDS-PAGE [Bacillus] caldolyticus

Temperature Stability [°C]

Temperature Stability Minimum [°C] Temperature Stability Maximum [°C] Comment Organism
75
-
 thermal denaturation above, even with substrates bound [Bacillus] caldolyticus

pH Optimum

pH Optimum Minimum pH Optimum Maximum Comment Organism
6 6.5 Mn2+-stimulated activity, enzyme forms EI and EII, with a ratio of Mn2+ to ATP of 1.0 [Bacillus] caldolyticus
7.5
-
 Mg2+-stimulated enzyme, at a ratio of Mg2+ to ATP of above 2 [Bacillus] caldolyticus