Any feedback?
Literature summary for 2.7.2.1 extracted from
- Regulation of acetate kinase isozymes and its importance for mixed-acid fermentation in Lactococcus lactis (2014), J. Bacteriol., 196, 1386-1393.
Cloned(Commentary)
| Cloned (Comment) | Organism |
|---|---|
| gene acka1, recombinant expression of His-tagged isozyme AckA1 in Escherichia coli strain MC1061 | Lactococcus lactis |
| gene acka2, recombinant expression of His-tagged isozyme AckA2 in Escherichia coli strain MC1061 | Lactococcus lactis |
Inhibitors
| Inhibitors | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|
| ADP | competitive inhibition; competitive inhibition | Lactococcus lactis |  |
| D-fructose-1,6-bisphosphate | inhibits the activities of isozymes AckA1 and AckA2; inhibits the activities of isozymes AckA1 and AckA2 | Lactococcus lactis | |
| glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate | inhibits the activities of isozyme AckA1, but very poorly of isozyme AckA2; inhibits the activities of isozyme AckA1, but very poorly of isozyme AckA2 | Lactococcus lactis | |
| phospho-enol-pyruvate | PEP, a downstream intermediate of glycolysis, completely inhibits the activity of both enzymes at concentrations above 30 mM; PEP, a downstream intermediate of glycolysis, completely inhibits the activity of both enzymes at concentrations above 30 mM | Lactococcus lactis | |
KM Value [mM]
| KM Value [mM] | KM Value Maximum [mM] | Substrate | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| additional information | - |
additional information | the turnover number of AckA1 is about an order of magnitude higher than that of AckA2 for the reaction in either direction. The Km values for acetyl phosphate, ATP, and ADP are similar for both isozymes. AckA2 has a higher affinity for acetate than does AckA1. Michaelis-Menten kinetics | Lactococcus lactis | |
| 0.07 | - |
ATP | pH 7.5, 30°C, recombinant His-tagged isozyme AckA1 | Lactococcus lactis | |
| 0.07 | - |
ATP | pH 7.5, 30°C, recombinant His-tagged isozyme AckA2 | Lactococcus lactis | |
| 0.47 | - |
ADP | pH 7.5, 30°C, recombinant His-tagged isozyme AckA1 | Lactococcus lactis | |
| 0.54 | - |
acetyl phosphate | pH 7.5, 30°C, recombinant His-tagged isozyme AckA1 | Lactococcus lactis | |
| 0.55 | - |
acetyl phosphate | pH 7.5, 30°C, recombinant His-tagged isozyme AckA2 | Lactococcus lactis | |
| 0.74 | - |
ADP | pH 7.5, 30°C, recombinant His-tagged isozyme AckA2 | Lactococcus lactis | |
| 4.9 | - |
acetate | pH 7.5, 30°C, recombinant His-tagged isozyme AckA2 | Lactococcus lactis | |
| 20.54 | - |
acetate | pH 7.5, 30°C, recombinant His-tagged isozyme AckA1 | Lactococcus lactis | |
Metals/Ions
| Metals/Ions | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|
| K+ | the enzyme requires monovalent K+ and divalent Mn2+or Mg2+ cations | Lactococcus lactis | |
| Mg2+ | the enzyme requires monovalent K+ and divalent Mn2+or Mg2+ cations | Lactococcus lactis | |
| Mn2+ | the enzyme requires monovalent K+ and divalent Mn2+or Mg2+ cations | Lactococcus lactis | |
Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)
| Natural Substrates | Organism | Comment (Nat. Sub.) | Natural Products | Comment (Nat. Pro.) | Rev. | Reac. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ATP + acetate | Lactococcus lactis | - |
ADP + acetyl phosphate | - |
r | |
| ATP + acetate | Lactococcus lactis MG1363 | - |
ADP + acetyl phosphate | - |
r | |
Organism
| Organism | UniProt | Comment | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lactococcus lactis | A2RNG4 | gene acka2; isozyme AckA2 encoded by gene acka2 | - |
| Lactococcus lactis | A2RNG5 | gene acka1; isozyme AckA1 encoded by gene acka1 | - |
| Lactococcus lactis MG1363 | A2RNG4 | gene acka2; isozyme AckA2 encoded by gene acka2 | - |
| Lactococcus lactis MG1363 | A2RNG5 | gene acka1; isozyme AckA1 encoded by gene acka1 | - |
Purification (Commentary)
| Purification (Comment) | Organism |
|---|---|
| recombinant His-tagged isozyme AckA1 from Escherichia coli strain MC1061 by nickel affinity chromatography | Lactococcus lactis |
| recombinant His-tagged isozyme AckA2 from Escherichia coli strain MC1061 by nickel affinity chromatography | Lactococcus lactis |
Substrates and Products (Substrate)
| Substrates | Comment Substrates | Organism | Products | Comment (Products) | Rev. | Reac. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ATP + acetate | - |
Lactococcus lactis | ADP + acetyl phosphate | - |
r | |
| ATP + acetate | - |
Lactococcus lactis MG1363 | ADP + acetyl phosphate | - |
r | |
Synonyms
| Synonyms | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| ACK | - |
Lactococcus lactis |
| AckA1 | - |
Lactococcus lactis |
| AckA2 | - |
Lactococcus lactis |
Temperature Optimum [°C]
| Temperature Optimum [°C] | Temperature Optimum Maximum [°C] | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 30 | - |
assay at | Lactococcus lactis |
Turnover Number [1/s]
| Turnover Number Minimum [1/s] | Turnover Number Maximum [1/s] | Substrate | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 80 | - |
acetate | pH 7.5, 30°C, recombinant His-tagged isozyme AckA2 | Lactococcus lactis | |
| 93 | - |
acetyl phosphate | pH 7.5, 30°C, recombinant His-tagged isozyme AckA2 | Lactococcus lactis | |
| 761 | - |
acetate | pH 7.5, 30°C, recombinant His-tagged isozyme AckA1 | Lactococcus lactis | |
| 1105 | - |
acetyl phosphate | pH 7.5, 30°C, recombinant His-tagged isozyme AckA1 | Lactococcus lactis | |
pH Optimum
| pH Optimum Minimum | pH Optimum Maximum | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 7.5 | - |
assay at | Lactococcus lactis |
Cofactor
| Cofactor | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|
| ADP | - |
Lactococcus lactis | |
| ATP | - |
Lactococcus lactis | |
Ki Value [mM]
| Ki Value [mM] | Ki Value maximum [mM] | Inhibitor | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2.4 | - |
ADP | pH 7.5, 30°C, recombinant His-tagged isozyme AckA1 | Lactococcus lactis | |
| 3.9 | - |
ADP | pH 7.5, 30°C, recombinant His-tagged isozyme AckA2 | Lactococcus lactis | |
| 4 | - |
glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate | pH 7.5, 30°C, recombinant His-tagged isozyme AckA1 | Lactococcus lactis | |
| 15 | - |
phospho-enol-pyruvate | pH 7.5, 30°C, recombinant His-tagged isozyme AckA1 | Lactococcus lactis | |
| 17 | - |
D-fructose-1,6-bisphosphate | pH 7.5, 30°C, recombinant His-tagged isozyme AckA1 | Lactococcus lactis | |
| 18 | - |
phospho-enol-pyruvate | pH 7.5, 30°C, recombinant His-tagged isozyme AckA2 | Lactococcus lactis | |
| 43 | - |
D-fructose-1,6-bisphosphate | pH 7.5, 30°C, recombinant His-tagged isozyme AckA2 | Lactococcus lactis | |
General Information
| General Information | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| physiological function | acetate kinase converts acetyl phosphate to acetate along with the generation of ATP in the pathway for mixed-acid fermentation in Lactococcus lactis. The reverse reaction yields acetyl phosphate for assimilation purposes. AckA1 is an order of magnitude more active than AckA2 in both reaction directions, but AckA2 has the highest affinity for acetate. Allosteric regulation of isozymes AckA1 and AckA2 and the pool sizes of the glycolytic intermediates are consistent with a switch from homolactic to mixed-acid fermentation upon slowing of the growth rate | Lactococcus lactis |
| physiological function | acetate kinase converts acetyl phosphate to acetate along with the generation of ATP in the pathway for mixed-acid fermentation in Lactococcus lactis. The reverse reaction yields acetyl phosphate for assimilation purposes. AckA1 is an order of magnitude more active than AckA2 in both reaction directions, but AckA2 has the highest affinity for acetate. Isozyme AckA2 has an important role under acetate-limiting conditions despite the lower activity. Allosteric regulation of isozymes AckA1 and AckA2 and the pool sizes of the glycolytic intermediates are consistent with a switch from homolactic to mixed-acid fermentation upon slowing of the growth rate | Lactococcus lactis |
Use of this online version of BRENDA is free under the CC BY 4.0 license. See terms of use for full details.
Release 2023.1 (January 2023)
Legal
Curated at
Member of
