Literature summary for 2.4.1.1 extracted from

Diaz-Lobo, M.; Garcia-Amoros, J.; Fita, I.; Velasco, D.; Guinovart, J.J.; Ferrer, J.C.
Selective photoregulation of the activity of glycogen synthase and glycogen phosphorylase, two key enzymes in glycogen metabolism (2015), Org. Biomol. Chem., 13, 10072.

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Application

Application	Comment	Organism
drug development	the enzyme glycogen phosphorylase constitutes an adequate pharmacological target to modulate cellular glycogen levels, by means of inhibition of its catalytic activity	Rattus norvegicus

Inhibitors

Inhibitors	Comment	Organism	Structure
4-((E)-azobenzene)-beta-D-glucoside	-	Rattus norvegicus
4-((Z)-azobenzene)-beta-D-glucoside	-	Rattus norvegicus
additional information	slight inhibition by azobenzene glucosides. After irradiation and subsequent conversion to the (Z)-form, the inhibitory potency of the azobenzene glucoside does not significantly change for the rat muscle enzyme form. The anomeric ratio of alpha:beta form is approximately 1:4	Rattus norvegicus

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

Natural Substrates	Organism	Comment (Nat. Sub.)	Natural Products	Comment (Nat. Pro.)	Rev.	Reac.
[(1->4)-alpha-D-glucosyl]n + phosphate	Rattus norvegicus	-	[(1->4)-alpha-D-glucosyl]n-1 + alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate	-	r

Organism

Organism	UniProt	Comment	Textmining
Rattus norvegicus	P09812	-	-

Source Tissue

Source Tissue	Comment	Organism	Textmining
skeletal muscle	-	Rattus norvegicus	-

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

Substrates	Comment Substrates	Organism	Products	Comment (Products)	Rev.	Reac.
additional information	glycogen phosphorylase activity is measured in the direction of glycogen degradation (phosphorolysis)	Rattus norvegicus	?	-	?
[(1->4)-alpha-D-glucosyl]n + phosphate	-	Rattus norvegicus	[(1->4)-alpha-D-glucosyl]n-1 + alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate	-	r

Temperature Optimum [°C]

Temperature Optimum [°C]	Temperature Optimum Maximum [°C]	Comment	Organism
30	-	assay at	Rattus norvegicus

pH Optimum

pH Optimum Minimum	pH Optimum Maximum	Comment	Organism
7	-	assay at	Rattus norvegicus

IC50 Value

IC50 Value	IC50 Value Maximum	Comment	Organism	Inhibitor	Structure
0.032	-	enzyme after irradiation and subsequent conversion to the (Z)-form, pH 7.0, 30°C	Rattus norvegicus	4-((Z)-azobenzene)-beta-D-glucoside
1.6	-	untreated enzyme, pH 7.0, 30°C	Rattus norvegicus	4-((E)-azobenzene)-beta-D-glucoside

General Information

General Information	Comment	Organism
metabolism	glycogen synthase and glycogen phosphorylase are the two enzymes that control, respectively, the synthesis and degradation of this polysaccharide	Rattus norvegicus

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Release 2023.1 (January 2023)