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Literature summary for 2.3.1.242 extracted from

  • Carty, S.M.; Sreekumar, K.R.; Raetz, C.R.
    Effect of cold shock on lipid A biosynthesis in Escherichia coli. Induction At 12 degrees C of an acyltransferase specific for palmitoleoyl-acyl carrier protein (1999), J. Biol. Chem., 274, 9677-9685.
    View publication on PubMed

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

Natural Substrates Organism Comment (Nat. Sub.) Natural Products Comment (Nat. Pro.) Rev. Reac.
a palmitoleoyl-[acyl-carrier protein] + (3-deoxy-alpha-D-manno-oct-2-ulopyranosylonate)-(2->4)-(3-deoxy-alpha-D-manno-oct-2-ulopyranosylonate)-(2->6)-2-deoxy-2-[[(3R)-3-hydroxytetradecanoyl]amino]-3-O-[(3R)-3-hydroxytetradecanoyl]-4-O-phosphono-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1->6)-2-deoxy-3-O-[(3R)-3-hydroxytetradecanoyl]-2-[[(3R)-3-hydroxytetradecanoyl]amino]-1-O-phosphono-alpha-D-glucopyranose Escherichia coli the enzyme is involved in the formation of a cold-adapted lipid A. It transfers palmitoleate from palmitoleoyl-[acyl-carrier protein] to Kdo2-lipid IVA, which is also the acceptor for the lpxL-encoded lauroyl transferase. Palmitoleate is not present in lipid A isolated from Escherichia coli grown at 30°C or higher, but it comprises about 11% of the fatty acyl chains of lipid A in cells grown at 12°C. The appearance of palmitoleate at 12°C is accompanied by a decline in laurate from 18% to 5.5%. The palmitoleoyl transferase is induced more than 30fold upon cold shock. The replacement of laurate with palmitoleate in lipid A may reflect the desirability of maintaining the optimal outer membrane fluidity at 12°C (3-deoxy-alpha-D-manno-oct-2-ulopyranosylonate)-(2->4)-(3-deoxy-alpha-D-manno-oct-2-ulopyranosylonate)-(2->6)-2-deoxy-2-[[(3R)-3-((9Z)-hexadec-9-enoyloxy)tetradecanoyl]amino]-3-O-[(3R)-3-hydroxytetradecanoyl]-4-O-phosphono-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1->6)-2-deoxy-3-O-[(3R)-3-hydroxytetradecanoyl]-2-[[(3R)-3-hydroxytetradecanoyl]amino]-1-O-phosphono-alpha-D-glucopyranose + an [acyl-carrier protein]
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Organism

Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
Escherichia coli P0ACV2
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Substrates and Products (Substrate)

Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
a palmitoleoyl-[acyl-carrier protein] + (3-deoxy-alpha-D-manno-oct-2-ulopyranosylonate)-(2->4)-(3-deoxy-alpha-D-manno-oct-2-ulopyranosylonate)-(2->6)-2-deoxy-2-[[(3R)-3-hydroxytetradecanoyl]amino]-3-O-[(3R)-3-hydroxytetradecanoyl]-4-O-phosphono-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1->6)-2-deoxy-3-O-[(3R)-3-hydroxytetradecanoyl]-2-[[(3R)-3-hydroxytetradecanoyl]amino]-1-O-phosphono-alpha-D-glucopyranose the enzyme is involved in the formation of a cold-adapted lipid A. It transfers palmitoleate from palmitoleoyl-[acyl-carrier protein] to Kdo2-lipid IVA, which is also the acceptor for the lpxL-encoded lauroyl transferase. Palmitoleate is not present in lipid A isolated from Escherichia coli grown at 30°C or higher, but it comprises about 11% of the fatty acyl chains of lipid A in cells grown at 12°C. The appearance of palmitoleate at 12°C is accompanied by a decline in laurate from 18% to 5.5%. The palmitoleoyl transferase is induced more than 30fold upon cold shock. The replacement of laurate with palmitoleate in lipid A may reflect the desirability of maintaining the optimal outer membrane fluidity at 12°C Escherichia coli (3-deoxy-alpha-D-manno-oct-2-ulopyranosylonate)-(2->4)-(3-deoxy-alpha-D-manno-oct-2-ulopyranosylonate)-(2->6)-2-deoxy-2-[[(3R)-3-((9Z)-hexadec-9-enoyloxy)tetradecanoyl]amino]-3-O-[(3R)-3-hydroxytetradecanoyl]-4-O-phosphono-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1->6)-2-deoxy-3-O-[(3R)-3-hydroxytetradecanoyl]-2-[[(3R)-3-hydroxytetradecanoyl]amino]-1-O-phosphono-alpha-D-glucopyranose + an [acyl-carrier protein]
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a palmitoleoyl-[acyl-carrier protein] + (3-deoxy-alpha-D-manno-oct-2-ulopyranosylonate)-(2->4)-(3-deoxy-alpha-D-manno-oct-2-ulopyranosylonate)-(2->6)-2-deoxy-2-[[(3R)-3-hydroxytetradecanoyl]amino]-3-O-[(3R)-3-hydroxytetradecanoyl]-4-O-phosphono-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1->6)-2-deoxy-3-O-[(3R)-3-hydroxytetradecanoyl]-2-[[(3R)-3-hydroxytetradecanoyl]amino]-1-O-phosphono-alpha-D-glucopyranose the enzyme is highly selective for palmitoleoyl-[acyl-carrier protein]. Lauroyl-[acyl-carrier protein], myristoyl--[acyl-carrier protein], palmitoyl--[acyl-carrier protein], R-3-hydroxymyristoyl--[acyl-carrier protein], palmitoleoyl-coenzyme A, and palmitoylcoenzyme A are virtually inactive as substrates Escherichia coli (3-deoxy-alpha-D-manno-oct-2-ulopyranosylonate)-(2->4)-(3-deoxy-alpha-D-manno-oct-2-ulopyranosylonate)-(2->6)-2-deoxy-2-[[(3R)-3-((9Z)-hexadec-9-enoyloxy)tetradecanoyl]amino]-3-O-[(3R)-3-hydroxytetradecanoyl]-4-O-phosphono-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1->6)-2-deoxy-3-O-[(3R)-3-hydroxytetradecanoyl]-2-[[(3R)-3-hydroxytetradecanoyl]amino]-1-O-phosphono-alpha-D-glucopyranose + an [acyl-carrier protein]
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Synonyms

Synonyms Comment Organism
cold-induced palmitoleoyl transferase
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Escherichia coli
LpxP
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Escherichia coli
palmitoleoyl-acyl carrier protein-dependent acyltransferase
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Escherichia coli

Temperature Optimum [°C]

Temperature Optimum [°C] Temperature Optimum Maximum [°C] Comment Organism
12
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assay at Escherichia coli

pH Optimum

pH Optimum Minimum pH Optimum Maximum Comment Organism
7.5
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assay at Escherichia coli

Expression

Organism Comment Expression
Escherichia coli the elevated specific activity of the palmitoleoyl transferase under conditions of cold shock is attributed to greatly increased levels of lpxP mRNA. Induced more than 30fold upon cold shock, as judged by assaying extracts of cells shifted to 12°C. The induced activity is maximal after 2 h of cold shock, and then gradually declines but does not disappear up

General Information

General Information Comment Organism
physiological function the enzyme is involved in the formation of a cold-adapted lipid A. It transfers palmitoleate from palmitoleoyl-[acyl-carrier protein] to Kdo2-lipid IVA, which is also the acceptor for the lpxL-encoded lauroyl transferase. Palmitoleate is not present in lipid A isolated from Escherichia coli grown at 30°C or higher, but it comprises about 11% of the fatty acyl chains of lipid A in cells grown at 12 °C. The appearance of palmitoleate at 12°C is accompanied by a decline in laurate from 18% to 5.5%. The palmitoleoyl transferase is induced more than 30fold upon cold shock. The replacement of laurate with palmitoleate in lipid A may reflect the desirability of maintaining the optimal outer membrane fluidity at 12°C Escherichia coli