Cloned (Comment) | Organism |
---|---|
gene MdBIS1, DNA and amino acid sequence determination and analysis, phylogenetic tree, the BIS1 cDNA cloned from cv. Holsteiner Cox contains an early stop codon atposition 211 to 213 and does not yield a functional enzyme | Malus domestica |
gene MdBIS2, DNA and amino acid sequence determination and analysis, phylogenetic tree, functional expression of N-terminally His6-tagged BIS2 in Escherichia coli | Malus domestica |
gene MdBIS4, DNA and amino acid sequence determination and analysis, phylogenetic tree, functional expression of N-terminally His6-tagged BIS4 in Escherichia coli | Malus domestica |
genes MdBIS3, DNA and amino acid sequence determination and analysis, phylogenetic tree, functional expression of N-terminally His6-tagged BIS3 in Escherichia coli | Malus domestica |
Inhibitors | Comment | Organism | Structure |
---|---|---|---|
benzoyl-CoA | benzoyl-CoA causes inhibition of BIS2 activity at concentrations above 0.015 mM; benzoyl-CoA causes inhibition of BIS3 activity at concentrations above 0.015 mM; benzoyl-CoA causes inhibition of BIS4 activity at concentrations above 0.015 mM | Malus domestica | |
additional information | no substrate inhibition by salicoyl-CoA up to 0.05 mM; no substrate inhibition by salicoyl-CoA up to 0.05 mM; no substrate inhibition by salicoyl-CoA up to 0.05 mM | Malus domestica |
Molecular Weight [Da] | Molecular Weight Maximum [Da] | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|---|
43000 | - |
x * 43000, recombinant His-tagged BIS enzyme, SDS-PAGE | Malus domestica |
Natural Substrates | Organism | Comment (Nat. Sub.) | Natural Products | Comment (Nat. Pro.) | Rev. | Reac. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
3 malonyl-CoA + benzoyl-CoA | Malus domestica | - |
4 CoA + 3,5-dihydroxybiphenyl + 4 CO2 | - |
? | |
additional information | Malus domestica | the enzyme also catalyzes the reaction of EC 2.3.1.208, 4-hydroxycoumarin synthase, with malonyl-CoA and 2-hydroxybenzoyl-CoA, i.e. salicoyl-CoA, as substrates forming 4-hydroxycoumarin, no formation of 2',3,5-trihydroxybiphenyl. BIS2 exhibits highest affinity for benzoyl-CoA. The turnover rate is slightly higher with salicoyl-CoA | ? | - |
? | |
additional information | Malus domestica | the enzyme also catalyzes the reaction of EC 2.3.1.208, 4-hydroxycoumarin synthase, with malonyl-CoA and 2-hydroxybenzoyl-CoA, i.e. salicoyl-CoA, as substrates forming 4-hydroxycoumarin, no formation of 2',3,5-trihydroxybiphenyl. BIS3 exhibits highest affinity for benzoyl-CoA. The turnover rate is slightly higher with salicoyl-CoA | ? | - |
? | |
additional information | Malus domestica | the enzyme also catalyzes the reaction of EC 2.3.1.208, 4-hydroxycoumarin synthase, with malonyl-CoA and 2-hydroxybenzoyl-CoA, i.e. salicoyl-CoA, as substrates forming 4-hydroxycoumarin, no formation of 2',3,5-trihydroxybiphenyl. BIS4 exhibits highest affinity for benzoyl-CoA. The turnover rate is slightly higher with salicoyl-CoA | ? | - |
? |
Organism | UniProt | Comment | Textmining |
---|---|---|---|
Malus domestica | H2FL89 | BIS2; cvs. Holsteiner Cox and Cox Orange, gene MdBIS2 | - |
Malus domestica | H2FL90 | BIS3; cvs. Holsteiner Cox and Cox Orange, gene MdBIS3 | - |
Malus domestica | H2FL91 | BIS4; cvs. Holsteiner Cox and Cox Orange, gene MdBIS4 | - |
Malus domestica | JQ390521 | BIS1; cvs. Holsteiner Cox and Cox Orange, genes MdBIS1 | - |
Purification (Comment) | Organism |
---|---|
recombinant N-terminally His6-tagged BIS2, BIS3, and BIS4 from Escherichia coli | Malus domestica |
recombinant N-terminally His6-tagged BIS3 from Escherichia coli | Malus domestica |
recombinant N-terminally His6-tagged BIS4 from Escherichia coli | Malus domestica |
Source Tissue | Comment | Organism | Textmining |
---|---|---|---|
leaf | - |
Malus domestica | - |
leaf | very low expression of BIS2 | Malus domestica | - |
shoot | Erwinia amylovora infected | Malus domestica | - |
shoot | Erwinia amylovora infected, high expression levels of BIS3 | Malus domestica | - |
Substrates | Comment Substrates | Organism | Products | Comment (Products) | Rev. | Reac. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
3 malonyl-CoA + benzoyl-CoA | - |
Malus domestica | 4 CoA + 3,5-dihydroxybiphenyl + 4 CO2 | - |
? | |
additional information | the enzyme also catalyzes the reaction of EC 2.3.1.208, 4-hydroxycoumarin synthase, with malonyl-CoA and 2-hydroxybenzoyl-CoA, i.e. salicoyl-CoA, as substrates forming 4-hydroxycoumarin, no formation of 2',3,5-trihydroxybiphenyl. BIS2 exhibits highest affinity for benzoyl-CoA. The turnover rate is slightly higher with salicoyl-CoA | Malus domestica | ? | - |
? | |
additional information | the enzyme also catalyzes the reaction of EC 2.3.1.208, 4-hydroxycoumarin synthase, with malonyl-CoA and 2-hydroxybenzoyl-CoA, i.e. salicoyl-CoA, as substrates forming 4-hydroxycoumarin, no formation of 2',3,5-trihydroxybiphenyl. BIS3 exhibits highest affinity for benzoyl-CoA. The turnover rate is slightly higher with salicoyl-CoA | Malus domestica | ? | - |
? | |
additional information | the enzyme also catalyzes the reaction of EC 2.3.1.208, 4-hydroxycoumarin synthase, with malonyl-CoA and 2-hydroxybenzoyl-CoA, i.e. salicoyl-CoA, as substrates forming 4-hydroxycoumarin, no formation of 2',3,5-trihydroxybiphenyl. BIS4 exhibits highest affinity for benzoyl-CoA. The turnover rate is slightly higher with salicoyl-CoA | Malus domestica | ? | - |
? |
Subunits | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|
? | x * 43000, recombinant His-tagged BIS enzyme, SDS-PAGE | Malus domestica |
Synonyms | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|
BIS | - |
Malus domestica |
BIS2 | - |
Malus domestica |
BIS3 | - |
Malus domestica |
BIS4 | - |
Malus domestica |
Temperature Optimum [°C] | Temperature Optimum Maximum [°C] | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|---|
35 | 40 | - |
Malus domestica |
pH Optimum Minimum | pH Optimum Maximum | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|---|
7 | 7.5 | - |
Malus domestica |
Organism | Comment | Expression |
---|---|---|
Malus domestica | infection with Erwinia amylovora induces the enzyme | up |
Malus domestica | infection with Erwinia amylovora induces the enzyme. In cell cultures of apple cultivar Cox Orange, expression of BIS2 gene is observed after the addition of an autoclaved Erwinia amylovora suspension, BIS3 protein is accumulated in the transition zone of stems in the parenchyma of the bark at the junctions between neighboring cortical parenchyma cells | up |
Malus domestica | the BIS3 gene is reduced in response to inoculation with Erwinia amylovora in stems of cv. Holsteiner Cox with highest transcript levels in the transition zone between necrotic and healthy tissues. In cell cultures of apple cultivar Cox Orange, expression of BIS3 gene is observed after the addition of an autoclaved Erwinia amylovora suspension, BIS3 protein is accumulated in the transition zone of stems in the parenchyma of the bark at the junctions between neighboring cortical parenchyma cells | up |
General Information | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|
evolution | biphenyl synthase, BIS, is a type III polyketide synthase | Malus domestica |
physiological function | biphenyl synthase is induced by elicitors, e.g. phytopathogen infection. In stems infected with Erwinia amylovora the transition zone between necrotic and healthy tissues is the accumulation site of biphenyl and dibenzofuran phytoalexins and of expression of biphenyl synthase | Malus domestica |