Application | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|
drug development | the enzyme is a target of several classes of herbicides | Nicotiana tabacum |
Protein Variants | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|
R141A | site-directed mutagenesis, inactive mutant, unable to bind the cofactor FAD | Nicotiana tabacum |
R141F | site-directed mutagenesis, inactive mutant, unable to bind the cofactor FAD | Nicotiana tabacum |
R141K | site-directed mutagenesis, the mutant shows reduced activity and activation by thiamine diphosphate compared to the wild-type enzyme, the mutant is partially resistant to herbicides, e.g. Londax, Cadre, and/or TP | Nicotiana tabacum |
R372F | site-directed mutagenesis, the mutant shows reduced activity compared to the wild-type enzyme, the mutant is partially resistant to herbicides, e.g. Londax, Cadre, and/or TP | Nicotiana tabacum |
R372K | site-directed mutagenesis, the mutant shows reduced activity and activation by FAD compared to the wild-type enzyme, the mutant is partially resistant to herbicides, e.g. Londax, Cadre, and/or TP | Nicotiana tabacum |
R376F | site-directed mutagenesis, inactive mutant, unable to bind the cofactor FAD | Nicotiana tabacum |
R376K | site-directed mutagenesis, the mutant shows reduced activity and activation by FAD compared to the wild-type enzyme, the mutant is partially resistant to herbicides, e.g. Londax, Cadre, and/or TP | Nicotiana tabacum |
Inhibitors | Comment | Organism | Structure |
---|---|---|---|
Cadre | an imidazole herbicide, wild-type enzyme IC50: 0.0041 mM | Nicotiana tabacum | |
Londax | a sulfonylurea herbicide, wild-type enzyme IC50: 0.013 mM | Nicotiana tabacum | |
additional information | IC50 values of herbicides with mutant enzymes, overview | Nicotiana tabacum | |
[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-2-sulfonamide | a triazolopyrimidine derivative herbicide, wild-type enzyme IC50: 0.0293 mM | Nicotiana tabacum |
KM Value [mM] | KM Value Maximum [mM] | Substrate | Comment | Organism | Structure |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
additional information | - |
additional information | kinetics of wild-type and mutant enzymes | Nicotiana tabacum | |
11.7 | - |
pyruvate | pH 7.5, wild-type enzyme | Nicotiana tabacum | |
113.9 | - |
pyruvate | pH 7.5, mutant R141K | Nicotiana tabacum | |
116.8 | - |
pyruvate | pH 7.5, mutant R141F | Nicotiana tabacum | |
167.4 | - |
pyruvate | pH 7.5, mutant R372F | Nicotiana tabacum | |
337.3 | - |
pyruvate | pH 7.5, mutant R376K | Nicotiana tabacum | |
475.9 | - |
pyruvate | pH 7.5, mutant R372K | Nicotiana tabacum |
Metals/Ions | Comment | Organism | Structure |
---|---|---|---|
Mg2+ | the enzyme requires a divalent metal ion | Nicotiana tabacum | |
Mn2+ | the enzyme requires a divalent metal ion | Nicotiana tabacum |
Natural Substrates | Organism | Comment (Nat. Sub.) | Natural Products | Comment (Nat. Pro.) | Rev. | Reac. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
pyruvate | Nicotiana tabacum | the enzyme catalyzes the first committed step in the biosynthesis of valine, leucine, and isoleucine | 2-acetolactate + CO2 | - |
? |
Organism | UniProt | Comment | Textmining |
---|---|---|---|
Nicotiana tabacum | - |
- |
- |
Reaction | Comment | Organism | Reaction ID |
---|---|---|---|
2 pyruvate = 2-acetolactate + CO2 | residues R141, R372, and R376 are located in the active site and are essential for cofactor binding and activity | Nicotiana tabacum |
Substrates | Comment Substrates | Organism | Products | Comment (Products) | Rev. | Reac. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
pyruvate | - |
Nicotiana tabacum | 2-acetolactate + CO2 | - |
? | |
pyruvate | the enzyme catalyzes the first committed step in the biosynthesis of valine, leucine, and isoleucine | Nicotiana tabacum | 2-acetolactate + CO2 | - |
? |
Synonyms | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|
acetohydroxy acid synthase | - |
Nicotiana tabacum |
AHAS | - |
Nicotiana tabacum |
pH Optimum Minimum | pH Optimum Maximum | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|---|
7.5 | - |
assay at | Nicotiana tabacum |
Cofactor | Comment | Organism | Structure |
---|---|---|---|
FAD | - |
Nicotiana tabacum | |
thiamine diphosphate | - |
Nicotiana tabacum |
IC50 Value | IC50 Value Maximum | Comment | Organism | Inhibitor | Structure |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
0.0041 | - |
an imidazole herbicide, wild-type enzyme IC50: 0.0041 mM | Nicotiana tabacum | Cadre | |
0.013 | - |
a sulfonylurea herbicide, wild-type enzyme IC50: 0.013 mM | Nicotiana tabacum | Londax | |
0.0293 | - |
a triazolopyrimidine derivative herbicide, wild-type enzyme IC50: 0.0293 mM | Nicotiana tabacum | [1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-2-sulfonamide |