Localization | Comment | Organism | GeneOntology No. | Textmining |
---|---|---|---|---|
extracellular | defensive ink | Aplysia californica | - |
- |
Natural Substrates | Organism | Comment (Nat. Sub.) | Natural Products | Comment (Nat. Pro.) | Rev. | Reac. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
L-Lys + H2O + O2 | Aplysia californica | the ink of sea hares contains escapin, an L-amino acid oxidase that metabolizes L-lysine, thereby producing a mixture that kills microbes and deters attacking predators. This secretion contains H2O2, ammonia, and an equilibrium mixture of socalled escapin intermediate product, EIP-K, that includes 6-amino-2-oxohexanoic acid and several other molecules. Components of the equilibrium mixture react nonenzymatically with H2O2 to form escapin end product, i.e. EEP-K, which contains 2-aminovaleric acid and 2-valerolactam. The proportions of the components in this equilibrium mixture change with pH, and this is biologically important because the secretion has pH 5 when released but becomes pH 8 when fully diluted in seawater, overview | 6-amino-2-oxohexanoic acid + NH3 + H2O2 | - |
? | |
additional information | Aplysia californica | bactericidal activity of the sea hare secretion against Escherichia coli, Vibrio harveyi, Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa | ? | - |
? |
Organism | UniProt | Comment | Textmining |
---|---|---|---|
Aplysia californica | Q6IWZ0 | sea hare, strain Cooper 1863 collected in California | - |
Source Tissue | Comment | Organism | Textmining |
---|---|---|---|
ink | - |
Aplysia californica | - |
Substrates | Comment Substrates | Organism | Products | Comment (Products) | Rev. | Reac. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
L-Lys + H2O + O2 | - |
Aplysia californica | 6-amino-2-oxohexanoic acid + NH3 + H2O2 | - |
? | |
L-Lys + H2O + O2 | the ink of sea hares contains escapin, an L-amino acid oxidase that metabolizes L-lysine, thereby producing a mixture that kills microbes and deters attacking predators. This secretion contains H2O2, ammonia, and an equilibrium mixture of socalled escapin intermediate product, EIP-K, that includes 6-amino-2-oxohexanoic acid and several other molecules. Components of the equilibrium mixture react nonenzymatically with H2O2 to form escapin end product, i.e. EEP-K, which contains 2-aminovaleric acid and 2-valerolactam. The proportions of the components in this equilibrium mixture change with pH, and this is biologically important because the secretion has pH 5 when released but becomes pH 8 when fully diluted in seawater, overview | Aplysia californica | 6-amino-2-oxohexanoic acid + NH3 + H2O2 | - |
? | |
additional information | bactericidal activity of the sea hare secretion against Escherichia coli, Vibrio harveyi, Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa | Aplysia californica | ? | - |
? |
Synonyms | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|
escapin | - |
Aplysia californica |
L-AAO | - |
Aplysia californica |
Temperature Optimum [°C] | Temperature Optimum Maximum [°C] | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|---|
37 | - |
bactericidal assay at | Aplysia californica |
pH Optimum Minimum | pH Optimum Maximum | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|---|
7 | - |
bactericidal assay at | Aplysia californica |