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Literature summary for 1.2.1.3 extracted from

  • Wenzl, M.V.; Beretta, M.; Gorren, A.C.; Zeller, A.; Baral, P.K.; Gruber, K.; Russwurm, M.; Koesling, D.; Schmidt, K.; Mayer, B.
    Role of the general base Glu-268 in nitroglycerin bioactivation and superoxide formation by aldehyde dehydrogenase-2 (2009), J. Biol. Chem., 284, 19878-19886.
    View publication on PubMedView publication on EuropePMC

Protein Variants

Protein Variants Comment Organism
C302S the mutation leads to more than 90% loss of all enzyme activities (0.29% residual dehydrogenase activity at pH 9.0 and 0.32% residual dehydrogenase activity at pH 7.5 compared to the wild type enzyme) Homo sapiens
E268Q the mutant shows 1.39% residual dehydrogenase activity at pH 9.0 and 0.88% residual dehydrogenase activity at pH 7.5 compared to the wild type enzyme. The mutant exhibits virtually unaffected rates of nitroglycerin denitration despite low dehydrogenase and esterase activities. The mutant exhibits about 50% lower rates of superoxide formation than the wild type enzyme Homo sapiens

Inhibitors

Inhibitors Comment Organism Structure
Chloral hydrate
-
Homo sapiens
nitroglycerin complete inhibition at 0.05 mM nitroglycerin which can be reversed by the addition of 0.4 mM dithiothreitol Homo sapiens

Localization

Localization Comment Organism GeneOntology No. Textmining
mitochondrion
-
Homo sapiens 5739
-

Molecular Weight [Da]

Molecular Weight [Da] Molecular Weight Maximum [Da] Comment Organism
54000
-
4 * 54000 Homo sapiens

Organism

Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
Homo sapiens P05091
-
-

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
acetaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O
-
Homo sapiens acetate + NADH + H+
-
?
formaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O
-
Homo sapiens formate + NADH + H+
-
?
additional information ALDH2 denitrates nitroglycerin to 1,2-glyceryl dinitrate and nitrite but also catalyzes reduction of nitroglycerin to NO. In addition to aldehyde oxidation, ALDH2 catalyzes ester hydrolysis. The esterase activity is stimulated by NAD+, but the cofactor is not essential for the reaction Homo sapiens ?
-
?
additional information the enzyme shows esterase activity with 4-nitrophenyl acetate Homo sapiens ?
-
?

Subunits

Subunits Comment Organism
homotetramer 4 * 54000 Homo sapiens

Synonyms

Synonyms Comment Organism
aldehyde dehydrogenase-2
-
Homo sapiens
ALDH2
-
Homo sapiens

Cofactor

Cofactor Comment Organism Structure
NAD+
-
Homo sapiens

General Information

General Information Comment Organism
physiological function ALDH2 plays an essential role in nitroglycerin bioactivation. ALDH2-catalyzed superoxide formation may essentially contribute to oxidative stress in nitroglycerin-exposed blood vessels Homo sapiens