Literature summary for 1.14.15.7 extracted from

Luo, D.; Niu, X.; Yu, J.; Yan, J.; Gou, X.; Lu, B.R.; Liu, Y.
Rice choline monooxygenase (OsCMO) protein functions in enhancing glycine betaine biosynthesis in transgenic tobacco but does not accumulate in rice (Oryza sativa L. ssp. japonica) (2012), Plant Cell Rep., 31, 1625-1635.

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Cloned(Commentary)

Cloned (Comment)	Organism
gene OsCMO, DNA and amino acid sequence determination and analysis, phylogenetic analysis, functional OsCMO expression in transgenic Nicotiana tabacum cv. Xanthinc plants using Agrobacterium tumefaciens EHA105 for transfection, overexpressing plants show increased glycine betaine content and elevated tolerance to salt stress	Oryza sativa

Metals/Ions

Metals/Ions	Comment	Organism	Structure
Fe2+	a mononuclear non-heme Fe2+, with binding sequence G/DX3-4DX2HX4-5H	Oryza sativa

Molecular Weight [Da]

Molecular Weight [Da]	Molecular Weight Maximum [Da]	Comment	Organism
43000	-	* 43000, recombinant enzyme, SDS-PAGE	Oryza sativa

Organism

Organism	UniProt	Comment	Textmining
Oryza sativa	B8B239	ssp. japonica, cv. Nipponbare, CMO single copy gene	-

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

Substrates	Comment Substrates	Organism	Products	Comment (Products)	Rev.	Reac.
choline + O2 + 2 reduced ferredoxin + 2 H+	-	Oryza sativa	betaine aldehyde hydrate + H2O + 2 oxidized ferredoxin	-	?

Subunits

Subunits	Comment	Organism
?	* 43000, recombinant enzyme, SDS-PAGE	Oryza sativa

Cofactor

Cofactor	Comment	Organism	Structure
Fe-S center	Rieske-type [2Fe-2S] cluster sequence CXHX15-17CX2H	Oryza sativa

General Information

General Information	Comment	Organism
metabolism	glycine betaine is a compatible quaternary amine that enables plants to tolerate abiotic stresses, including salt, drought and cold. In plants, glycine betaine is synthesized through two-step of successive oxidations from choline, catalyzed by choline monooxygenase and betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase, respectively. Oryza sativa is a typical non-glycine betaine accumulating species. The genome sequencing reveals orthologues of both choline monooxygenase and betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase, but, while the betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase is functional, the choline monooxygenase of japonica rice plant is not. Nevertheless the heterologously expressed rice enzyme is active in tabacco plants, overview	Oryza sativa

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Release 2023.1 (January 2023)