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ATP + 3-cyanoalanine + tRNAAsn
?
-
-
-
-
?
ATP + aspartate-3-hydroxamate + tRNAAsn
?
-
-
-
-
?
ATP + isoasparagine + tRNAAsn
?
-
-
-
-
?
ATP + L-asparagine + tRNAAsn
AMP + diphosphate + L-asparaginyl-tRNAAsn
additional information
?
-
ATP + L-asparagine + tRNAAsn
AMP + diphosphate + L-asparaginyl-tRNAAsn
-
-
-
?
ATP + L-asparagine + tRNAAsn
AMP + diphosphate + L-asparaginyl-tRNAAsn
-
-
-
?
ATP + L-asparagine + tRNAAsn
AMP + diphosphate + L-asparaginyl-tRNAAsn
-
-
-
?
ATP + L-asparagine + tRNAAsn
AMP + diphosphate + L-asparaginyl-tRNAAsn
-
-
-
-
?
ATP + L-asparagine + tRNAAsn
AMP + diphosphate + L-asparaginyl-tRNAAsn
-
with the aminoacylation step E + AA + ATP = E(AA-AMP) + diphosphate, and the amidation step E(AA-AMP) + tRNA = E+AA-tRNA + AMP
-
-
r
ATP + L-asparagine + tRNAAsn
AMP + diphosphate + L-asparaginyl-tRNAAsn
-
AsnRS structure analysis shows binding of Mg2+-ATP in one active site and L-Asp-beta-NOH adenylate and Mg2+-diphosphate in the other active site. Active-site ordering and rearrangement during activation, overview. The AsnRSBm N-terminal extension binds tRNA, structure, overview
-
-
?
ATP + L-asparagine + tRNAAsn
AMP + diphosphate + L-asparaginyl-tRNAAsn
-
-
-
?
ATP + L-asparagine + tRNAAsn
AMP + diphosphate + L-asparaginyl-tRNAAsn
-
-
-
?
ATP + L-asparagine + tRNAAsn
AMP + diphosphate + L-asparaginyl-tRNAAsn
-
-
-
?
ATP + L-asparagine + tRNAAsn
AMP + diphosphate + L-asparaginyl-tRNAAsn
-
-
-
?
ATP + L-asparagine + tRNAAsn
AMP + diphosphate + L-asparaginyl-tRNAAsn
-
-
-
-
?
ATP + L-asparagine + tRNAAsn
AMP + diphosphate + L-asparaginyl-tRNAAsn
-
-
-
?
ATP + L-asparagine + tRNAAsn
AMP + diphosphate + L-asparaginyl-tRNAAsn
-
-
-
?
ATP + L-asparagine + tRNAAsn
AMP + diphosphate + L-asparaginyl-tRNAAsn
-
-
?
ATP + L-asparagine + tRNAAsn
AMP + diphosphate + L-asparaginyl-tRNAAsn
-
-
?
ATP + L-asparagine + tRNAAsn
AMP + diphosphate + L-asparaginyl-tRNAAsn
-
-
-
?
ATP + L-asparagine + tRNAAsn
AMP + diphosphate + L-asparaginyl-tRNAAsn
tRNAs from calf liver or Saccharomyces cerevisiae
-
?
ATP + L-asparagine + tRNAAsn
AMP + diphosphate + L-asparaginyl-tRNAAsn
-
with the aminoacylation step E + AA + ATP = E(AA-AMP) + diphosphate, and the amidation step E(AA-AMP) + tRNA = E+AA-tRNA + AMP
-
-
r
ATP + L-asparagine + tRNAAsn
AMP + diphosphate + L-asparaginyl-tRNAAsn
-
-
-
?
ATP + L-asparagine + tRNAAsn
AMP + diphosphate + L-asparaginyl-tRNAAsn
-
-
-
-
?
ATP + L-asparagine + tRNAAsn
AMP + diphosphate + L-asparaginyl-tRNAAsn
-
-
-
-
?
ATP + L-asparagine + tRNAAsn
AMP + diphosphate + L-asparaginyl-tRNAAsn
-
-
-
-
?
ATP + L-asparagine + tRNAAsn
AMP + diphosphate + L-asparaginyl-tRNAAsn
-
-
-
?
ATP + L-asparagine + tRNAAsn
AMP + diphosphate + L-asparaginyl-tRNAAsn
-
-
?
ATP + L-asparagine + tRNAAsn
AMP + diphosphate + L-asparaginyl-tRNAAsn
substrate specificity
-
?
ATP + L-asparagine + tRNAAsn
AMP + diphosphate + L-asparaginyl-tRNAAsn
-
calculations of substrate binding and reaction mechanism, overview
-
-
?
ATP + L-asparagine + tRNAAsn
AMP + diphosphate + L-asparaginyl-tRNAAsn
-
-
-
?
ATP + L-asparagine + tRNAAsn
AMP + diphosphate + L-asparaginyl-tRNAAsn
-
-
-
?
ATP + L-asparagine + tRNAAsn
AMP + diphosphate + L-asparaginyl-tRNAAsn
-
-
-
?
ATP + L-asparagine + tRNAAsn
AMP + diphosphate + L-asparaginyl-tRNAAsn
-
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the high level of asparaginyl-tRNA synthetase expression reflects unusual metabolic demands associated with larval maturation
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the parasite Brugia malayi enzyme, in analogy to the human enzyme, induces human leukocyte chemotaxis and activates G-protein-coupled receptors CXCR1 and CXCR2, but not CXCR3, filarial asparaginyl-tRNA synthetase, AsnRS, is known to be an immunodominant antigen that induces strong human immunoglobulin G3 responses and contributes to the development of chronic inflammatory disease such as lymphatic filariasis, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
active site and ligand binding structure and mechanism, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
ATP-diphosphate exchange
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
ATP-diphosphate exchange
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
human cytoplasmic aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases, which are autoantigens in idiopathic inflammatory myopathies, activate chemokine receptors on T lymphocytes, monocytes, and immature dendritic cells by recruiting immune cells that could induce innate and adaptive immune responses
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
active site and ligand binding structure and mechanism, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
the enzyme is responsible for catalyzing the specific aminoacylation of tRNAAsn with asparagine, structural basis of the water-assisted asparagine recognition by the enzyme, two water molecules play a key role in the strict recognition of asparagine and the discrimination against aspartic acid by the AsnRS, overview, binding of Asn-AMP induces a conformational change in AsnRS
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the enzyme is responsible for catalyzing the specific aminoacylation of tRNAAsn with asparagine, structural basis of the water-assisted asparagine recognition by the enzyme, two water molecules play a key role in the strict recognition of asparagine and the discrimination against aspartic acid by the AsnRS, overview, binding of Asn-AMP induces a conformational change in AsnRS
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
no activity with tRNAAsp
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
no activity with tRNAAsp
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
analysis of the molecular mechanism by molecular dynamics simulations and computational calculations using wild-type andmutant enzymes, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
acylate Phaseolus aureus tRNA with an efficiency of 68% compared to the Phaseolus aureus enzyme. The tRNA of Vicia faba and Vicia sativa appears to be completely interchangeable
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
acylate Phaseolus aureus tRNA with an efficiency of 68% compared to the Phaseolus aureus enzyme. The tRNA of Vicia faba and Vicia sativa appears to be completely interchangeable
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
ATP-diphosphate exchange
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
acylates tRNA of Vicia faba or Vicia sativa with an efficiency of 83% compared to Phaseolus aureus tRNA
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
isoasparagine (with 96% of the efficiency compared to L-Asn), aspartate-3-hydroxamate (with 81% of the efficiency compared to L-Asn) and 3-cyanoalanine (with 36% of the efficiency compared to L-Asn)
-
-
?
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3-cyanoalanine
-
aminoacylation of Asn, competitive
3D6
monoclonal antibody
-
5'-O-[N-(L-asparaginyl)sulfamoyl]adenosine
a non-hydrolysable analogue of asparaginyl adenylate, i.e. Asn-SA
asparaginyl sulfamoyl adenylate
Aspartate 3-hydroxamate
-
Asn-dependent ATP-diphosphate exchange, competitive
Br-
-
1.2 M, 50% inhibition of ATP-diphosphate exchange
CH3COO-
-
1.3 M, 50% inhibition of ATP-diphosphate exchange
Cl-
-
2.5 M, 50% inhibition of ATP-diphosphate exchange
CNS-
-
0.4 M, 50% inhibition of ATP-diphosphate exchange
Cs+
-
1.3 M, 50% inhibition of ATP-diphosphate exchange
I-
-
0.5 M, 50% inhibition of ATP-diphosphate exchange
isoasparagine
-
aminoacylation of Asn, competitive
K+
-
2.5 M, 50% inhibition of ATP-diphosphate exchange
L-aspartate-beta-hydroxamate adenylate
-
i.e. LBHAMP
Li+
-
0.7 M, 50% inhibition of ATP-diphosphate exchange
Na+
-
2.0 M, 50% inhibition of ATP-diphosphate exchange
NH4+
-
0.9 M, 50% inhibition of ATP-diphosphate exchange
NO3-
-
1.0 M, 50% inhibition of ATP-diphosphate exchange
NSC35467
-
i.e. 2-(3-methyl-1 lambda5-pyridin-1-yl)-1-(2-phenanthryl)ethanone, 53% inhibition at 0.2 mM
p-chloromercuribenzoate
-
-
S-methyl-deoxyvariolin B
-
i.e. SMEVAR
threo-3-Hydroxyasparagine
-
aminoacylation of Asn, competitive
tirandamycin A
-
selective inhibitor
tirandamycin B
-
selective inhibitor
tirandamycin E
-
selective inhibitor
tirandamycin F
-
selective inhibitor
tirandamycin G
-
selective inhibitor
additional information
-
no inhibition by NSC35467 at 0.2 mM
-
asparaginyl sulfamoyl adenylate
-
i.e. ASNAMS, a non-hydrolyzable analogue of asparaginyl adenylate
asparaginyl sulfamoyl adenylate
-
i.e. ASNAMS, a non-hydrolyzable analogue of asparaginyl adenylate
LCM01
-
long side-chain derivative of variolin B
LCM01
-
long side-chain derivative of variolin B
LCM02
-
long side-chain derivative of variolin B
LCM02
-
long side-chain derivative of variolin B
NSC114691
-
i.e. 8-chloro-3-(hydroxy(oxido)amino)-6-phenanthridinol
NSC114691
-
i.e. 8-chloro-3-(hydroxy(oxido)amino)-6-phenanthridinol
NSC12156
-
i.e. N1,N3-bis(4-amino-2-methyl-6-quinolinyl)-2,2-dimethylmalonamide, 47% inhibition at 0.2 mM, docking mode and binding structure, overview
NSC12156
-
i.e. N1,N3-bis(4-amino-2-methyl-6-quinolinyl)-2,2-dimethylmalonamide, 54% inhibition at 0.2 mM, docking mode and binding structure, overview
NSC363624
-
i.e. 4-(3-(4-amino-6-isopropenyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)phenyl)-6-isopropenyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-ylamine, 50% inhibition at 0.025 mM
NSC363624
-
i.e. 4-(3-(4-amino-6-isopropenyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)phenyl)-6-isopropenyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-ylamine, 80% inhibition at 0.025 mM
rishirilide B
-
CSD code CUQZUJ, isolated from Streptomyces rishiriensis, has antithrombotic activity through selective alpha2-macroglobulin inhibition, leading to the activation of plasmin
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Alzheimer Disease
Alzheimer's Disease Risk Variant rs2373115 Regulates GAB2 and NARS2 Expression in Human Brain Tissues.
Ataxia
De Novo and Bi-allelic Pathogenic Variants in NARS1 Cause Neurodevelopmental Delay Due to Toxic Gain-of-Function and Partial Loss-of-Function Effects.
Autoimmune Diseases
Unique N-terminal extension domain of human asparaginyl-tRNA synthetase elicits CCR3-mediated chemokine activity.
Brain Diseases
The phenotypic variability and natural history of NARS2 associated disease.
Carcinogenesis
Asparaginyl-tRNA Synthetase, a Novel Component of Hippo Signaling, Binds to Salvador and Enhances Yorkie-Mediated Tumorigenesis.
Cataract
Exome Sequencing and Epigenetic Analysis of Twins Who Are Discordant for Congenital Cataract.
Central Nervous System Diseases
The phenotypic variability and natural history of NARS2 associated disease.
Colitis
Nematode asparaginyl-tRNA synthetase resolves intestinal inflammation in mice with T-cell transfer colitis.
Deafness
Mutations of human NARS2, encoding the mitochondrial asparaginyl-tRNA synthetase, cause nonsyndromic deafness and Leigh syndrome.
Diffuse Cerebral Sclerosis of Schilder
Novel variants in the NARS2 gene as a cause of infantile-onset severe epilepsy leading to fatal refractory status epilepticus: case study and literature review.
Diffuse Cerebral Sclerosis of Schilder
PARS2 and NARS2 mutations in infantile-onset neurodegenerative disorder.
Diffuse Cerebral Sclerosis of Schilder
Whole exome sequencing reveals mutations in NARS2 and PARS2, encoding the mitochondrial asparaginyl-tRNA synthetase and prolyl-tRNA synthetase, in patients with Alpers syndrome.
Elephantiasis, Filarial
Brugia malayi Asparaginyl - tRNA Synthetase Stimulates Endothelial Cell Proliferation, Vasodilation and Angiogenesis.
Elephantiasis, Filarial
Expression, localization and alternative function of cytoplasmic asparaginyl-tRNA synthetase in Brugia malayi.
Elephantiasis, Filarial
Immune Response to Brugia malayi Asparaginyl-tRNA Synthetase in Balb/c Mice and Human Clinical Samples of Lymphatic Filariasis.
Elephantiasis, Filarial
Tirandamycins from Streptomyces sp. 17944 Inhibiting the Parasite Brugia malayi Asparagine tRNA Synthetase.
Epilepsy
Lethal NARS2-Related Disorder Associated With Rapidly Progressive Intractable Epilepsy and Global Brain Atrophy.
Epilepsy
Novel variants in the NARS2 gene as a cause of infantile-onset severe epilepsy leading to fatal refractory status epilepticus: case study and literature review.
Epilepsy
PARS2 and NARS2 mutations in infantile-onset neurodegenerative disorder.
Filariasis
Virtual screening of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) database: identification of fragment-like lead molecules for filariasis target asparaginyl-tRNA synthetase.
Hallux Valgus
Novel phenotype and genotype spectrum of NARS2 and literature review of previous mutations.
Hearing Loss
Mutations of human NARS2, encoding the mitochondrial asparaginyl-tRNA synthetase, cause nonsyndromic deafness and Leigh syndrome.
Hearing Loss
PARS2 and NARS2 mutations in infantile-onset neurodegenerative disorder.
Hearing Loss
The phenotypic variability and natural history of NARS2 associated disease.
Intellectual Disability
PARS2 and NARS2 mutations in infantile-onset neurodegenerative disorder.
Leigh Disease
Mutations of human NARS2, encoding the mitochondrial asparaginyl-tRNA synthetase, cause nonsyndromic deafness and Leigh syndrome.
Leigh Disease
PARS2 and NARS2 mutations in infantile-onset neurodegenerative disorder.
Leigh Disease
The phenotypic variability and natural history of NARS2 associated disease.
Lung Diseases, Interstitial
Anti-KS: identification of autoantibodies to asparaginyl-transfer RNA synthetase associated with interstitial lung disease.
Microcephaly
De Novo and Bi-allelic Pathogenic Variants in NARS1 Cause Neurodevelopmental Delay Due to Toxic Gain-of-Function and Partial Loss-of-Function Effects.
Mitochondrial Diseases
Novel phenotype and genotype spectrum of NARS2 and literature review of previous mutations.
Mitral Valve Prolapse
Novel phenotype and genotype spectrum of NARS2 and literature review of previous mutations.
Muscular Diseases
PARS2 and NARS2 mutations in infantile-onset neurodegenerative disorder.
Myositis
Do tissue levels of autoantigenic aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase predict clinical disease?
Myositis
Histidyl-tRNA synthetase and asparaginyl-tRNA synthetase, autoantigens in myositis, activate chemokine receptors on T lymphocytes and immature dendritic cells.
Neoplasms
Identification of hub genes and key pathways associated with the progression of gynecological cancer.
Neurodegenerative Diseases
Erratum: PARS2 and NARS2 mutations in infantile-onset neurodegenerative disorder.
Neurodegenerative Diseases
Lethal NARS2-Related Disorder Associated With Rapidly Progressive Intractable Epilepsy and Global Brain Atrophy.
Neurodegenerative Diseases
Novel variants in the NARS2 gene as a cause of infantile-onset severe epilepsy leading to fatal refractory status epilepticus: case study and literature review.
Neurodegenerative Diseases
PARS2 and NARS2 mutations in infantile-onset neurodegenerative disorder.
Osteoarthropathy, Secondary Hypertrophic
Novel phenotype and genotype spectrum of NARS2 and literature review of previous mutations.
Ovarian Neoplasms
Asparagine synthetase: a new potential biomarker in ovarian cancer.
Paraplegia
Novel variants in the NARS2 gene as a cause of infantile-onset severe epilepsy leading to fatal refractory status epilepticus: case study and literature review.
Peripheral Nervous System Diseases
De Novo and Bi-allelic Pathogenic Variants in NARS1 Cause Neurodevelopmental Delay Due to Toxic Gain-of-Function and Partial Loss-of-Function Effects.
Rheumatic Fever
Pathology and etiology of 110 consecutively removed aortic valves.
Seizures
De Novo and Bi-allelic Pathogenic Variants in NARS1 Cause Neurodevelopmental Delay Due to Toxic Gain-of-Function and Partial Loss-of-Function Effects.
Seizures
PARS2 and NARS2 mutations in infantile-onset neurodegenerative disorder.
Status Epilepticus
Novel variants in the NARS2 gene as a cause of infantile-onset severe epilepsy leading to fatal refractory status epilepticus: case study and literature review.
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5.8
3-cyanoalanine
-
ATP-diphosphate exchange
0.78
aspartate-3-hydroxamate
-
ATP-diphosphate exchange
0.26
isoasparagine
-
ATP-diphosphate exchange
0.04
L-asparagine
-
in 50 mM HEPES-NaOH, pH 7.2, 10 mM MgCl2, at 37Ā°C
additional information
additional information
-
binding kinetics, affinities, and thermidynamics, molecular dynamics simulations, overview
-
0.015
Asn
-
wild-type, 37Ā°C, ATP-diphosphate exchange
0.0153
Asn
-
wild-type, ATP-diphosphate exchange
0.0225
Asn
-
mutant Y426F, ATP-diphosphate exchange
0.029
Asn
-
wild-type, 25Ā°C, aminoacylation
0.032
Asn
-
wild-type, 37Ā°C, aminoacylation
0.0323
Asn
-
wild-type, aminoacylation
0.0326
Asn
-
mutant Y426F, aminoacylation
0.0336
Asn
-
mutant Y426S, aminoacylation
0.0383
Asn
-
mutant Y426S, ATP-diphosphate exchange
0.09
Asn
-
mutant P231L, 25Ā°C, aminoacylation
0.094
Asn
-
mutant P231L, 25Ā°C, ATP-diphosphate exchange
0.12
Asn
-
tRNA esterification
0.18
Asn
-
ATP-diphosphate exchange
0.33
Asn
-
mutant P231L, 37Ā°C, aminoacylation
0.77
Asn
-
mutant P231L, 37Ā°C, ATP-diphosphate exchange
0.0306
ATP
-
mutant Y426F, aminoacylation
0.076
ATP
-
wild-type, 37Ā°C, aminoacylation
0.076
ATP
-
ATP, , wild-type, aminoacylation
0.245
ATP
-
mutant Y426S, aminoacylation
0.5
ATP
-
wild-type, 37Ā°C, ATP-diphosphate exchange
0.5
ATP
-
ATP, , wild-type, mutant Y426F, ATP-diphosphate exchange
0.74
ATP
-
in 50 mM HEPES-NaOH, pH 7.2, 10 mM MgCl2, at 37Ā°C
0.87
ATP
-
mutant P231L, 25Ā°C, ATP-diphosphate exchange
1
ATP
-
mutant P231L, 37Ā°C, aminoacylation
4
ATP
-
mutant P231L, 37Ā°C, ATP-diphosphate exchange
7
ATP
-
mutant Y426S, ATP-diphosphate exchange
0.00006
tRNAAsn
-
wild-type and mutant enzyme
0.0004
tRNAAsn
-
at pH 7.2 and 37Ā°C
0.002
tRNAAsn
-
in 50 mM HEPES-NaOH, pH 7.2, 10 mM MgCl2, at 37Ā°C
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Samuelsson, T.; Lundvik, L.
Purification and some properties of asparagine, lysine, serine, and valine:tRNA ligases from Bacillus stearothermophilus
J. Biol. Chem.
253
7033-7039
1978
Geobacillus stearothermophilus
brenda
Walker, E.J.; Treacy, G.B.; Jeffrey, P.D.
Molecular weights of mitochondrial and cytoplasmic aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases of beef liver and their complexes
Biochemistry
22
1934-1941
1983
Bos taurus
brenda
Lea, P.J.; Fowden, L.
Amino acid substrate specificity of asparaginyl-, aspartyl- and glutaminyl-tRNA synthetase isolated from higher plants
Phytochemistry
12
1903-1916
1973
Vicia faba, Vigna radiata var. radiata, Vicia sativa
-
brenda
Seignovert, L.; Härtlein, M.; Leberman, R.
Asparaginyl-tRNA synthetase from Thermus thermophilus HB8. Sequence of the gene and crystallization of the enzyme expressed in Escherichia coli
Eur. J. Biochem.
239
501-508
1996
Thermus thermophilus, Thermus thermophilus HB8 / ATCC 27634 / DSM 579
brenda
Kron, M.; Marquard, K.; Härtlein, M.; Price, S.; Leberman, R.
An immunodominant antigen of Brugia malayi is an asparaginyl-tRNA synthetase
FEBS Lett.
374
122-124
1995
Brugia malayi
brenda
Madern, D.; Anselme, J.; Härtlein, M.
Asparaginyl-tRNA synthetase from the Escherichia coli temperature-sensitive strain HO202. A proline replacement in motif 2 is responsible for a large increase in Km for asparagine and ATP
FEBS Lett.
299
85-89
1992
Escherichia coli
brenda
Anselme, J.; Härtlein, M.
Tyr-426 of the Escherichia coli asparaginyl-tRNA synthetase, an amino acid in a C-terminal conserved motif, is involved in ATP binding
FEBS Lett.
280
163-166
1991
Escherichia coli
brenda
Davies, M.R.; Marshall, R.D.
Enhancement of the activity of asparaginyl-tRNA synthetase by an activator from rabbit liver
Biochim. Biophys. Acta
390
94-104
1975
Oryctolagus cuniculus
brenda
Yamamoto, M.; Nomura, M.; Ohsawa, H.; Maruo, B.
Identification of a temperature-sensitive asparaginyl-transfer ribonucleic acid synthetase mutant of Escherichia coli
J. Bacteriol.
132
127-131
1977
Escherichia coli
brenda
Andrulis, I.L.; Chiang, C.S.; Arfin, S.M.; Miner, T.A.; Hatfield, G.W.
Biochemical characterization of a mutant asparaginyl-tRNA synthetase from Chinese hamster ovary cells
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