Requires a divalent metal ion, preferably Mg2+, for activity. This class II terpene synthase produces syn-copalyl diphosphate, a precursor of several rice phytoalexins, including oryzalexin S and momilactones A and B. Phytoalexins are diterpenoid secondary metabolites that are involved in the defense mechanism of the plant, and are produced in response to pathogen attack through the perception of elicitor signal molecules such as chitin oligosaccharide, or after exposure to UV irradiation. The enzyme is constitutively expressed in the roots of plants where one of its products, momilactone B, acts as an allelochemical (a molecule released into the environment to suppress the growth of neighbouring plants). In other tissues the enzyme is upregulated by conditions that stimulate the biosynthesis of phytoalexins.
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SYSTEMATIC NAME
IUBMB Comments
9alpha-copalyl-diphosphate lyase (decyclizing)
Requires a divalent metal ion, preferably Mg2+, for activity. This class II terpene synthase produces syn-copalyl diphosphate, a precursor of several rice phytoalexins, including oryzalexin S and momilactones A and B. Phytoalexins are diterpenoid secondary metabolites that are involved in the defense mechanism of the plant, and are produced in response to pathogen attack through the perception of elicitor signal molecules such as chitin oligosaccharide, or after exposure to UV irradiation. The enzyme is constitutively expressed in the roots of plants where one of its products, momilactone B, acts as an allelochemical (a molecule released into the environment to suppress the growth of neighbouring plants). In other tissues the enzyme is upregulated by conditions that stimulate the biosynthesis of phytoalexins.
the OsCPS4 knockdown mutant cps4-tos is more susceptible to rice blast fungus than the wild-type, possibly due to lower levels of momilactones and oryzalexin S in the mutant
generation of an OsCPS4 knockdown mutant, cps4-tos. Because Tos17 is inserted into the third intron of OsCPS4, the mature OsCPS4 mRNA is detected in the cps4-tos mutant as well as the wild type, screening Tos17 mutant lines using PCR. Mature OsCPS4 transcript levels in the cps4-tos mutant are about one sixth those in the wild-type. The cps4-tos mutant is more susceptible to rice blast fungus than the wild-type, possibly due to lower levels of momilactones and oryzalexin S in the mutant
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CLONED (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
expression of the full-length preprotein including the transit peptid in Escherichia coli, protein alone and as a C-terminal fusion to glutathione-S-transferase. Additionally, a partial cDNA sequence resembling the mature native protein was expressed alone as a potential pseudomature protein
Biological functions of ent- and syn-copalyl diphosphate synthases in rice: key enzymes for the branch point of gibberellin and phytoalexin biosynthesis
Xu, M.; Hillwig, M.L.; Prisic, S.; Coates, R.M.; Peters, R.J.
Functional identification of rice syn-copalyl diphosphate synthase and its role in initiating biosynthesis of diterpenoid phytoalexin/allelopathic natural products
Toyomasu, T.; Usui, M.; Sugawara, C.; Otomo, K.; Hirose, Y.; Miyao, A.; Hirochika, H.; Okada, K.; Shimizu, T.; Koga, J.; Hasegawa, M.; Chuba, M.; Kawana, Y.; Kuroda, M.; Minami, E.; Mitsuhashi, W.; Yamane, H.
Reverse-genetic approach to verify physiological roles of rice phytoalexins: characterization of a knockdown mutant of OsCPS4 phytoalexin biosynthetic gene in rice