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Enzyme Nomenclature
Information on EC 4.4.1.29 - phycobiliprotein cysteine-84 phycobilin lyase
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EC Tree
4.4.1.29 phycobiliprotein cysteine-84 phycobilin lyaseIUBMB Comments
The enzyme, found in cyanobacteria and red algae, catalyses the attachment of phycobilin chromophores to cysteine 84 of several phycobiliproteins (the numbering used here corresponds to the enzyme from Anabaena, in other organisms the number may vary slightly). It can attach phycocyanobilin to the beta subunits of C-phycocyanin and phycoerythrocyanin and to both subunits of allophycocyanin. In addition, it can attach phycoerythrobilin to both subunits of C-phycoerythrin.
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Word Map
- 4.4.1.29
-
phycoerythrocyanin
- chromophore
-
allophycocyanin
-
phycobiliproteins
- phycocyanin
-
biliproteins
- apoproteins
- lyases
- beta-subunits
- phycoerythrobilin
-
phycobilisomes
-
light-harvesting
- synechococcus
-
cyanobacterial
-
regioselective
-
chromophorylated
-
maxima
- anabaena
- nostoc
-
s-type
- imidazole
- synthesis
The enzyme appears in viruses and cellular organisms
Reaction Schemes
=
+
[C-phycocyanin beta-subunit]-Cys84-phycocyanobilin
=
apo-[C-phycocyanin beta-subunit]
+
=
+
[phycoerythrocyanin beta-subunit]-Cys84-phycocyanobilin
=
apo-[phycoerythrocyanin beta-subunit]
+
=
+
[allophycocyanin alpha-subunit]-Cys84-phycocyanobilin
=
apo-[allophycocyanin alpha-subunit]
+
=
+
[allophycocyanin beta-subunit]-Cys84-phycocyanobilin
=
apo-[allophycocyanin beta-subunit]
+
=
+
[C-phycoerythrin alpha-subunit]-Cys84-phycoerythrobilin
=
apo-[C-phycoerythrin alpha-subunit]
+
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SYNONYM 
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY 
LITERATURE
alr0617
CpcS1
CpcSU lyase
CpcU
cpeS
CpeS1
PCB:Cys-beta84-phycobiliprotein lyase
phycobilin:cystein-84 biliprotein lyase
phycocyanobilin:Cys-beta84-phycobiliprotein lyase
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REACTION
REACTION DIAGRAM
COMMENTARY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
[allophycocyanin alpha-subunit]-Cys84-phycocyanobilin = apo-[allophycocyanin alpha-subunit] + (2R,3E)-phycocyanobilin
[allophycocyanin beta-subunit]-Cys84-phycocyanobilin = apo-[allophycocyanin beta-subunit] + (2R,3E)-phycocyanobilin
[C-phycocyanin beta-subunit]-Cys84-phycocyanobilin = apo-[C-phycocyanin beta-subunit] + (2R,3E)-phycocyanobilin
[C-phycoerythrin alpha-subunit]-Cys84-phycoerythrobilin = apo-[C-phycoerythrin alpha-subunit] + (2R,3E)-phycoerythrobilin
[C-phycoerythrin beta-subunit]-Cys84-phycoerythrobilin = apo-[C-phycoerythrin beta-subunit] + (2R,3E)-phycoerythrobilin
[phycoerythrocyanin beta-subunit]-Cys84-phycocyanobilin = apo-[phycoerythrocyanin beta-subunit] + (2R,3E)-phycocyanobilin
[allophycocyanin alpha-subunit]-Cys84-phycocyanobilin = apo-[allophycocyanin alpha-subunit] + (2R,3E)-phycocyanobilin
(3)
-
-
-
[allophycocyanin alpha-subunit]-Cys84-phycocyanobilin = apo-[allophycocyanin alpha-subunit] + (2R,3E)-phycocyanobilin
(3)
[allophycocyanin alpha-subunit]-Cys84-phycocyanobilin = apo-[allophycocyanin alpha-subunit] + (2R,3E)-phycocyanobilin
(3)
-
-
[allophycocyanin beta-subunit]-Cys84-phycocyanobilin = apo-[allophycocyanin beta-subunit] + (2R,3E)-phycocyanobilin
(4)
-
-
-
[allophycocyanin beta-subunit]-Cys84-phycocyanobilin = apo-[allophycocyanin beta-subunit] + (2R,3E)-phycocyanobilin
(4)
[allophycocyanin beta-subunit]-Cys84-phycocyanobilin = apo-[allophycocyanin beta-subunit] + (2R,3E)-phycocyanobilin
(4)
-
-
[C-phycocyanin beta-subunit]-Cys84-phycocyanobilin = apo-[C-phycocyanin beta-subunit] + (2R,3E)-phycocyanobilin
(1)
-
-
-
[C-phycocyanin beta-subunit]-Cys84-phycocyanobilin = apo-[C-phycocyanin beta-subunit] + (2R,3E)-phycocyanobilin
(1)
[C-phycocyanin beta-subunit]-Cys84-phycocyanobilin = apo-[C-phycocyanin beta-subunit] + (2R,3E)-phycocyanobilin
(1)
-
-
[C-phycoerythrin alpha-subunit]-Cys84-phycoerythrobilin = apo-[C-phycoerythrin alpha-subunit] + (2R,3E)-phycoerythrobilin
(5)
-
-
-
[C-phycoerythrin alpha-subunit]-Cys84-phycoerythrobilin = apo-[C-phycoerythrin alpha-subunit] + (2R,3E)-phycoerythrobilin
(5)
[C-phycoerythrin alpha-subunit]-Cys84-phycoerythrobilin = apo-[C-phycoerythrin alpha-subunit] + (2R,3E)-phycoerythrobilin
(5)
-
-
[C-phycoerythrin beta-subunit]-Cys84-phycoerythrobilin = apo-[C-phycoerythrin beta-subunit] + (2R,3E)-phycoerythrobilin
(6)
[C-phycoerythrin beta-subunit]-Cys84-phycoerythrobilin = apo-[C-phycoerythrin beta-subunit] + (2R,3E)-phycoerythrobilin
5-dimethylallyltryptophan synthase performs the highly regiospecific regular prenylation at C-5 of the indole nucleus of the simple indole derivatives
-
-
-
[phycoerythrocyanin beta-subunit]-Cys84-phycocyanobilin = apo-[phycoerythrocyanin beta-subunit] + (2R,3E)-phycocyanobilin
(2)
-
-
-
[phycoerythrocyanin beta-subunit]-Cys84-phycocyanobilin = apo-[phycoerythrocyanin beta-subunit] + (2R,3E)-phycocyanobilin
(2)
[phycoerythrocyanin beta-subunit]-Cys84-phycocyanobilin = apo-[phycoerythrocyanin beta-subunit] + (2R,3E)-phycocyanobilin
(2)
-
-
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SYSTEMATIC NAME
IUBMB Comments
[phycobiliprotein]-Cys84-phycobilin:phycobilin lyase
The enzyme, found in cyanobacteria and red algae, catalyses the attachment of phycobilin chromophores to cysteine 84 of several phycobiliproteins (the numbering used here corresponds to the enzyme from Anabaena, in other organisms the number may vary slightly). It can attach phycocyanobilin to the beta subunits of C-phycocyanin and phycoerythrocyanin and to both subunits of allophycocyanin. In addition, it can attach phycoerythrobilin to both subunits of C-phycoerythrin.
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SUBSTRATE
PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
apo allophycocyanin alpha-subunit + (2R,3E)-phycocyanobilin
[allophycocyanin alpha-subunit]-Cys81-phycocyanobilin
apo allophycocyanin beta-subunit + (2R,3E)-phycocyanobilin
[allophycocyanin beta-subunit]-Cys81-phycocyanobilin
apo C-phycocyanin beta-subunit + (2R,3E)-phycocyanobilin
[C-phycocyanin beta-subunit]-Cys82-phycocyanobilin
apo-allophycocyanin beta-subunit + (2R,3E)-phycocyanobilin
[allophycocyanin beta-subunit]-Cys81-phycocyanobilin
apo-phycoerythrocyanin beta-subunit + (2R,3E)-phycocyanobilin
[phycoerythrocyanin beta-subunit]-Cys84-phycocyanobilin
apo-[allophycocyanin alpha-subunit] + (2R,3E)-phycocyanobilin
[allophycocyanin alpha-subunit]-Cys81-phycocyanobilin
apo-[allophycocyanin alpha-subunit] + (2R,3E)-phycocyanobilin
[allophycocyanin alpha-subunit]-Cys84-phycocyanobilin
apo-[allophycocyanin alpha-subunit] + phycoerythrobilin
[allophycocyanin alpha-subunit]-Cys84-phycoerythrobilin
Thermosynechococcus vestitus
-
-
-
?
apo-[allophycocyanin alpha-subunit] + phytochromobilin
[allophycocyanin alpha-subunit]-Cys84-phytochromobilin
Thermosynechococcus vestitus
-
-
-
?
apo-[allophycocyanin beta-subunit] + (2R,3E)-phycocyanobilin
[allophycocyanin beta-subunit]-Cys84-phycocyanobilin
apo-[allophycocyanin beta-subunit] + phycoerythrobilin
[allophycocyanin beta-subunit]-Cys84-phycoerythrobilin
Thermosynechococcus vestitus
-
-
-
?
apo-[allophycocyanin beta-subunit] + phytochromobilin
[allophycocyanin beta-subunit]-Cys84-phytochromobilin
Thermosynechococcus vestitus
-
-
-
?
apo-[C-phycocyanin beta-subunit] + (2R,3E)-phycocyanobilin
[C-phycocyanin beta-subunit]-Cys82-phycocyanobilin
-
-
-
?
apo-[C-phycocyanin beta-subunit] + (2R,3E)-phycocyanobilin
[C-phycocyanin beta-subunit]-Cys84-phycocyanobilin
apo-[C-phycoerythrin alpha-subunit] + (3E)-phycoerythrobilin
[C-phycoerythrin alpha-subunit]-Cys84-phycoerythrobilin
-
-
-
?
apo-[C-phycoerythrin beta-subunit] + (2R,3E)-phycoerythrobilin
[C-phycoerythrin beta-subunit]-Cys82-phycoerythrobilin
apo-[C-phycoerythrin beta-subunit] + (3E)-phycoerythrobilin
[C-phycoerythrin beta-subunit]-Cys84-phycoerythrobilin
-
-
-
?
apo-[phycocyanin beta-subunit] + (2R,3E)-phycocyanobilin
[phycocyanin beta-subunit]-Cys82-phycocyanobilin
Thermosynechococcus vestitus
-
-
-
?
apo-[phycocyanin beta-subunit] + phycoerythrobilin
[phycocyanin beta-subunit]-Cys82-phycoerythrobilin
Thermosynechococcus vestitus
-
-
-
?
apo-[phycocyanin beta-subunit] + phytochromobilin
[phycocyanin beta-subunit]-Cys82-phytochromobilin
Thermosynechococcus vestitus
-
-
-
?
apo-[phycoerythrin alpha-subunit] + phycoerythrobilin
[phycoerythrin alpha-subunit]-Cys82-phycoerythrobilin
apo-[phycoerythrin beta-subunit] + 3Z-phycoerythrobilin
[phycoerythrin beta-subunit]-Cys82-phycoerythrobilin
apo-[phycoerythrin beta-subunit] + phycocyanobilin
[phycoerythrin beta-subunit]-Cys82-phycocyanobilin
apo-[phycoerythrin beta-subunit] + phycoerythrobilin
[phycoerythrin beta-subunit]-Cys80-phycoerythrobilin
-
CpeS bilin lyase efficiently ligates phycoerythrobilin to Cys80 of phycoerythrin beta-subunit
-
?
apo-[phycoerythrocyanin beta-subunit] + (2R,3E)-phycocyanobilin
[phycoerythrocyanin beta-subunit]-Cys84-phycocyanobilin
apo allophycocyanin alpha-subunit + (2R,3E)-phycocyanobilin
[allophycocyanin alpha-subunit]-Cys81-phycocyanobilin
the enzyme is involved in phycobiliprotein biogenesis
-
-
?
apo allophycocyanin alpha-subunit + (2R,3E)-phycocyanobilin
[allophycocyanin alpha-subunit]-Cys81-phycocyanobilin
the enzyme is involved in phycobiliprotein biogenesis
-
-
?
apo allophycocyanin beta-subunit + (2R,3E)-phycocyanobilin
[allophycocyanin beta-subunit]-Cys81-phycocyanobilin
the enzyme is involved in phycobiliprotein biogenesis
-
-
?
apo allophycocyanin beta-subunit + (2R,3E)-phycocyanobilin
[allophycocyanin beta-subunit]-Cys81-phycocyanobilin
the enzyme is involved in phycobiliprotein biogenesis
-
-
?
apo C-phycocyanin beta-subunit + (2R,3E)-phycocyanobilin
[C-phycocyanin beta-subunit]-Cys82-phycocyanobilin
the enzyme is involved in phycobiliprotein biogenesis
-
-
?
apo C-phycocyanin beta-subunit + (2R,3E)-phycocyanobilin
[C-phycocyanin beta-subunit]-Cys82-phycocyanobilin
the enzyme is involved in phycobiliprotein biogenesis
-
-
?
apo-allophycocyanin beta-subunit + (2R,3E)-phycocyanobilin
[allophycocyanin beta-subunit]-Cys81-phycocyanobilin
-
-
-
?
apo-allophycocyanin beta-subunit + (2R,3E)-phycocyanobilin
[allophycocyanin beta-subunit]-Cys81-phycocyanobilin
-
-
-
?
apo-phycoerythrocyanin beta-subunit + (2R,3E)-phycocyanobilin
[phycoerythrocyanin beta-subunit]-Cys84-phycocyanobilin
-
-
-
?
apo-phycoerythrocyanin beta-subunit + (2R,3E)-phycocyanobilin
[phycoerythrocyanin beta-subunit]-Cys84-phycocyanobilin
-
-
-
?
apo-[allophycocyanin alpha-subunit] + (2R,3E)-phycocyanobilin
[allophycocyanin alpha-subunit]-Cys81-phycocyanobilin
-
-
-
?
apo-[allophycocyanin alpha-subunit] + (2R,3E)-phycocyanobilin
[allophycocyanin alpha-subunit]-Cys81-phycocyanobilin
-
-
-
?
apo-[allophycocyanin alpha-subunit] + (2R,3E)-phycocyanobilin
[allophycocyanin alpha-subunit]-Cys84-phycocyanobilin
-
-
-
?
apo-[allophycocyanin alpha-subunit] + (2R,3E)-phycocyanobilin
[allophycocyanin alpha-subunit]-Cys84-phycocyanobilin
-
-
-
?
apo-[allophycocyanin alpha-subunit] + (2R,3E)-phycocyanobilin
[allophycocyanin alpha-subunit]-Cys84-phycocyanobilin
-
both subunits CpcS-1 and CpcU are required to attach phycocyanobilin to allophycocyanin subunits ApcD (alpha) and ApcF (beta)
-
?
apo-[allophycocyanin alpha-subunit] + (2R,3E)-phycocyanobilin
[allophycocyanin alpha-subunit]-Cys84-phycocyanobilin
Thermosynechococcus vestitus
-
-
-
?
apo-[allophycocyanin beta-subunit] + (2R,3E)-phycocyanobilin
[allophycocyanin beta-subunit]-Cys84-phycocyanobilin
-
-
-
?
apo-[allophycocyanin beta-subunit] + (2R,3E)-phycocyanobilin
[allophycocyanin beta-subunit]-Cys84-phycocyanobilin
-
-
-
?
apo-[allophycocyanin beta-subunit] + (2R,3E)-phycocyanobilin
[allophycocyanin beta-subunit]-Cys84-phycocyanobilin
-
both subunits CpcS-1 and CpcU are required to attach phycocyanobilin to allophycocyanin subunits ApcD (alpha) and ApcF (beta)
-
?
apo-[allophycocyanin beta-subunit] + (2R,3E)-phycocyanobilin
[allophycocyanin beta-subunit]-Cys84-phycocyanobilin
Thermosynechococcus vestitus
-
-
-
?
apo-[C-phycocyanin beta-subunit] + (2R,3E)-phycocyanobilin
[C-phycocyanin beta-subunit]-Cys84-phycocyanobilin
-
-
-
?
apo-[C-phycocyanin beta-subunit] + (2R,3E)-phycocyanobilin
[C-phycocyanin beta-subunit]-Cys84-phycocyanobilin
the enzyme attaches phycobilin chromophores to cysteine 84 of several phycobiliproteins
-
-
?
apo-[C-phycocyanin beta-subunit] + (2R,3E)-phycocyanobilin
[C-phycocyanin beta-subunit]-Cys84-phycocyanobilin
the enzyme attaches (2R,3E)-phycocyanobilin to native apo C-phycocyanin beta-subunit and to the C155I-mutant, but not to theC84S mutant
-
-
?
apo-[C-phycocyanin beta-subunit] + (2R,3E)-phycocyanobilin
[C-phycocyanin beta-subunit]-Cys84-phycocyanobilin
the enzyme attaches phycobilin chromophores to cysteine 84 of several phycobiliproteins
-
-
?
apo-[C-phycocyanin beta-subunit] + (2R,3E)-phycocyanobilin
[C-phycocyanin beta-subunit]-Cys84-phycocyanobilin
the enzyme attaches (2R,3E)-phycocyanobilin to native apo C-phycocyanin beta-subunit and to the C155I-mutant, but not to theC84S mutant
-
-
?
apo-[C-phycocyanin beta-subunit] + (2R,3E)-phycocyanobilin
[C-phycocyanin beta-subunit]-Cys84-phycocyanobilin
-
-
-
?
apo-[C-phycoerythrin beta-subunit] + (2R,3E)-phycoerythrobilin
[C-phycoerythrin beta-subunit]-Cys82-phycoerythrobilin
-
-
-
-
?
apo-[C-phycoerythrin beta-subunit] + (2R,3E)-phycoerythrobilin
[C-phycoerythrin beta-subunit]-Cys82-phycoerythrobilin
-
-
-
-
?
apo-[phycoerythrin alpha-subunit] + phycoerythrobilin
[phycoerythrin alpha-subunit]-Cys82-phycoerythrobilin
-
CpeS bilin lyase ligates phycoerythrobilin at both Cys82 and Cys139 of phycoerythrin alpha-subunit, but very inefficiently
-
?
apo-[phycoerythrin alpha-subunit] + phycoerythrobilin
[phycoerythrin alpha-subunit]-Cys82-phycoerythrobilin
-
ligase subunit CpeY alone, but not subunit CpeZ, can ligate phycoerythrobilin to phycoerythrin alpha-subunit, but the yield of phycoerythrin alpha-subunit-phycoerythrobilin is lower than achieved with subunits CpeY and CpeZ together
-
?
apo-[phycoerythrin beta-subunit] + 3Z-phycoerythrobilin
[phycoerythrin beta-subunit]-Cys82-phycoerythrobilin
-
isoform CpeS is specific for 3Z-phycoerythrobilin transfer to Cys82 of phycoerythrin and essential for the correct configuration of the attachment product
-
?
apo-[phycoerythrin beta-subunit] + 3Z-phycoerythrobilin
[phycoerythrin beta-subunit]-Cys82-phycoerythrobilin
-
isoform CpeS is specific for 3Z-phycoerythrobilin transfer to Cys82 of phycoerythrin and essential for the correct configuration of the attachment product
-
?
apo-[phycoerythrin beta-subunit] + phycocyanobilin
[phycoerythrin beta-subunit]-Cys82-phycocyanobilin
-
-
-
?
apo-[phycoerythrin beta-subunit] + phycocyanobilin
[phycoerythrin beta-subunit]-Cys82-phycocyanobilin
-
-
-
?
apo-[phycoerythrocyanin beta-subunit] + (2R,3E)-phycocyanobilin
[phycoerythrocyanin beta-subunit]-Cys84-phycocyanobilin
the enzyme attaches phycobilin chromophores to cysteine 84 of several phycobiliproteins
-
-
?
apo-[phycoerythrocyanin beta-subunit] + (2R,3E)-phycocyanobilin
[phycoerythrocyanin beta-subunit]-Cys84-phycocyanobilin
the enzyme attaches (2R,3E)-phycocyanobilin to native apo phycoerythrocyanin beta-subunit and to the C155I-mutant, but not to theC84S mutant
-
-
?
apo-[phycoerythrocyanin beta-subunit] + (2R,3E)-phycocyanobilin
[phycoerythrocyanin beta-subunit]-Cys84-phycocyanobilin
the enzyme attaches phycobilin chromophores to cysteine 84 of several phycobiliproteins
-
-
?
apo-[phycoerythrocyanin beta-subunit] + (2R,3E)-phycocyanobilin
[phycoerythrocyanin beta-subunit]-Cys84-phycocyanobilin
the enzyme attaches (2R,3E)-phycocyanobilin to native apo phycoerythrocyanin beta-subunit and to the C155I-mutant, but not to theC84S mutant
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
the enzyme shows no activity with the alpha-subunits from phycocyanin and phycoerythrocyanin
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
the enzyme shows no activity with the alpha-subunits from phycocyanin and phycoerythrocyanin
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
enzyme catalyses the attachment of phycobilin chromophores to cysteine 82 of the beta-subunit of Cpc
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
enzyme catalyses the attachment of phycobilin chromophores to cysteine 82 of the beta-subunit of Cpc
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
neither subunit CpeY, subunit CpeZ, nor CpeY/CpeZ can ligate phycoerythrobilin to phycoerythrin beta-subunit
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
neither subunit CpeY, subunit CpeZ, nor CpeY/CpeZ can ligate phycoerythrobilin to phycoerythrin beta-subunit
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
in vitro, enzyme forms complexes with phycocyanobilin lyase CpcT which attaches phycocyanobilin to Cys155 of C-phycocyanin subunit beta. Attachment of a chromophore at cysteine84 inhibits the subsequent attachment to cysteine 155, whereas the inverse sequence generates subunits carrying both chromophores
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
in vitro, enzyme forms complexes with phycocyanobilin lyase CpcT which attaches phycocyanobilin to Cys155 of C-phycocyanin subunit beta. Attachment of a chromophore at cysteine84 inhibits the subsequent attachment to cysteine 155, whereas the inverse sequence generates subunits carrying both chromophores
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
isoform CpeS1 can bind phycocyanobilin. Binding is rapid, and the chromophore is bound in an extended conformation similar to that in phycobiliproteins but only poorly fluorescent. Upon addition of apo-biliproteins, the chromophore is transferred to the latter much slower, indicating that chromophorylated CpeS1 is an intermediate in the enzymatic reaction. In addition, imidazole is bound to phycocyanobilin
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
in vitro, enzyme forms complexes with phycocyanobilin lyase CpcT which attaches phycocyanobilin to Cys155 of C-phycocyanin subunit beta. Attachment of a chromophore at cysteine84 inhibits the subsequent attachment to cysteine 155, whereas the inverse sequence generates subunits carrying both chromophores
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
isoform CpeS1 can bind phycocyanobilin. Binding is rapid, and the chromophore is bound in an extended conformation similar to that in phycobiliproteins but only poorly fluorescent. Upon addition of apo-biliproteins, the chromophore is transferred to the latter much slower, indicating that chromophorylated CpeS1 is an intermediate in the enzymatic reaction. In addition, imidazole is bound to phycocyanobilin
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
dimeric isoform CpeS is able to bind two molecules of precursor 15,16-dihydrobiliverdin, 3E-phycoerythrobilin, or 3Z-phycoerythrobilin with similar binding kinetics and high affinity. CpeS dimer formation occurs prior to bilin binding. CpeS transfers phycoerythrobilin but not 15,16-dihydrobiliverdin to dimeric phycoerythrin. Only CpeS 3Z-phycoerythrobilin-mediated reactions result in formation of holo-phycoerythrin with identical spectroscopic properties as native-phycoerythrin
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
dimeric isoform CpeS is able to bind two molecules of precursor 15,16-dihydrobiliverdin, 3E-phycoerythrobilin, or 3Z-phycoerythrobilin with similar binding kinetics and high affinity. CpeS dimer formation occurs prior to bilin binding. CpeS transfers phycoerythrobilin but not 15,16-dihydrobiliverdin to dimeric phycoerythrin. Only CpeS 3Z-phycoerythrobilin-mediated reactions result in formation of holo-phycoerythrin with identical spectroscopic properties as native-phycoerythrin
-
-
?
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
NATURAL SUBSTRATE
NATURAL PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
REVERSIBILITY
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
apo allophycocyanin alpha-subunit + (2R,3E)-phycocyanobilin
[allophycocyanin alpha-subunit]-Cys81-phycocyanobilin
apo allophycocyanin beta-subunit + (2R,3E)-phycocyanobilin
[allophycocyanin beta-subunit]-Cys81-phycocyanobilin
apo C-phycocyanin beta-subunit + (2R,3E)-phycocyanobilin
[C-phycocyanin beta-subunit]-Cys82-phycocyanobilin
apo-[C-phycocyanin beta-subunit] + (2R,3E)-phycocyanobilin
[C-phycocyanin beta-subunit]-Cys84-phycocyanobilin
apo-[phycoerythrocyanin beta-subunit] + (2R,3E)-phycocyanobilin
[phycoerythrocyanin beta-subunit]-Cys84-phycocyanobilin
apo allophycocyanin alpha-subunit + (2R,3E)-phycocyanobilin
[allophycocyanin alpha-subunit]-Cys81-phycocyanobilin
the enzyme is involved in phycobiliprotein biogenesis
-
-
?
apo allophycocyanin alpha-subunit + (2R,3E)-phycocyanobilin
[allophycocyanin alpha-subunit]-Cys81-phycocyanobilin
the enzyme is involved in phycobiliprotein biogenesis
-
-
?
apo allophycocyanin beta-subunit + (2R,3E)-phycocyanobilin
[allophycocyanin beta-subunit]-Cys81-phycocyanobilin
the enzyme is involved in phycobiliprotein biogenesis
-
-
?
apo allophycocyanin beta-subunit + (2R,3E)-phycocyanobilin
[allophycocyanin beta-subunit]-Cys81-phycocyanobilin
the enzyme is involved in phycobiliprotein biogenesis
-
-
?
apo C-phycocyanin beta-subunit + (2R,3E)-phycocyanobilin
[C-phycocyanin beta-subunit]-Cys82-phycocyanobilin
the enzyme is involved in phycobiliprotein biogenesis
-
-
?
apo C-phycocyanin beta-subunit + (2R,3E)-phycocyanobilin
[C-phycocyanin beta-subunit]-Cys82-phycocyanobilin
the enzyme is involved in phycobiliprotein biogenesis
-
-
?
apo-[C-phycocyanin beta-subunit] + (2R,3E)-phycocyanobilin
[C-phycocyanin beta-subunit]-Cys84-phycocyanobilin
-
-
-
?
apo-[C-phycocyanin beta-subunit] + (2R,3E)-phycocyanobilin
[C-phycocyanin beta-subunit]-Cys84-phycocyanobilin
the enzyme attaches phycobilin chromophores to cysteine 84 of several phycobiliproteins
-
-
?
apo-[C-phycocyanin beta-subunit] + (2R,3E)-phycocyanobilin
[C-phycocyanin beta-subunit]-Cys84-phycocyanobilin
the enzyme attaches phycobilin chromophores to cysteine 84 of several phycobiliproteins
-
-
?
apo-[C-phycocyanin beta-subunit] + (2R,3E)-phycocyanobilin
[C-phycocyanin beta-subunit]-Cys84-phycocyanobilin
-
-
-
?
apo-[phycoerythrocyanin beta-subunit] + (2R,3E)-phycocyanobilin
[phycoerythrocyanin beta-subunit]-Cys84-phycocyanobilin
the enzyme attaches phycobilin chromophores to cysteine 84 of several phycobiliproteins
-
-
?
apo-[phycoerythrocyanin beta-subunit] + (2R,3E)-phycocyanobilin
[phycoerythrocyanin beta-subunit]-Cys84-phycocyanobilin
the enzyme attaches phycobilin chromophores to cysteine 84 of several phycobiliproteins
-
-
?
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METALS and IONS
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
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INHIBITOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
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KM VALUE [mM]
SUBSTRATE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
0.0000095
apo-[allophycocyanin alpha-subunit]
pH and temperature not specified in the publication, apo allophycocyanin alpha-subunit encoded by apcA1
-
0.000038
apo-[allophycocyanin beta-subunit]
pH and temperature not specified in the publication, apo allophycocyanin beta-subunit encoded by apcF
-
0.0023
(2R,3E)-phycocyanobilin
pH 7.5, 37°C, cosubstrate: apo-[phycoerythrocyanin beta-subunit] mutant C155I
0.0027
(2R,3E)-phycocyanobilin
pH 7.5, 37°C, cosubstrate: apo-[C-phycocyanin beta-subunit] mutant C155I
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TURNOVER NUMBER [1/s]
SUBSTRATE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
0.0027
apo-[allophycocyanin alpha-subunit]
pH and temperature not specified in the publication, apo-[allophycocyanin alpha-subunit] encoded by apcA1
-
0.0024
apo-[allophycocyanin beta-subunit]
pH and temperature not specified in the publication, apo-[allophycocyanin beta-subunit] encoded by apcF
-
0.000011
(2R,3E)-phycocyanobilin
pH 7.5, 37°C, cosubstrate: apo phycoerythrocyanin beta-subunit mutant C155I
0.000017
(2R,3E)-phycocyanobilin
pH 7.5, 37°C, cosubstrate: apo C-phycocyanin beta-subunit mutant C155I
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kcat/KM VALUE [1/mMs-1]
SUBSTRATE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
0.0048
(2R,3E)-phycocyanobilin
pH 7.5, 37°C, cosubstrate: apo-[phycoerythrocyanin beta-subunit] mutant C155I
0.0063
(2R,3E)-phycocyanobilin
pH 7.5, 37°C, cosubstrate: apo-[C-phycocyanin beta-subunit] mutant C155I
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pH OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
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pH RANGE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
6.5 - 9.5
pH 6.5: about 50% of maximal activity, pH 9.5: about 75% of maximal activity, substrate: apo-[C-phycocyanin beta-subunit]
7 - 8.5
pH 7.0: about 80% of maximal activity, pH 7.0: about 80% of maximal activity, substrate: apo-[phycoerythrocyanin beta-subunit] mutant C155
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TEMPERATURE OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
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TEMPERATURE RANGE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
30 - 55
30 - 55
30°C: about 55% of maximal activity, 55°C: about 70% of maximal activity, substrate: apo-[C-phycocyanin beta-subunit]
30 - 55
30°C: about 75% of maximal activity, 55°C: about 50% of maximal activity, substrate: apo-[phycoerythrocyanin beta-subunit] mutant C155
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pI VALUE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
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ORGANISM
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
UNIPROT
SEQUENCE DB
SOURCE
A8HTN2: subunit CpcU, A8HTM2: subunit CpcS
SwissProt
brenda
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GENERAL INFORMATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
malfunction
physiological function
sSingle and double mutant strains for lyase subunits cpcSI and cpcU exhibit slower growth rates, reduced apo-phycobiliprotein levels, and impaired assembly of phycobilisomes. A cpcSI cpcU cpcT triple mutant is nearly devoid of apo-phycobiliprotein. The cpcSI and cpcU mutants produce an altered form of the phycocyanin beta-subunit, which has a mass about 588 Da smaller than the wild-type protein. The modified phycobilisomes from the cpcsI, cpcU, and cpcSIcpcU mutant strains carry a phycocyanobilin chromophore at Cys153 of CpcB but not at Cys82. Both CpcSI and CpcU are required for covalent attachment of phycocyanobilin to Cys82 of the phycocyanin subunit
malfunction
the enzyme is involved in phycobiliprotein biogenesis
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UNIPROT
ENTRY NAME
ORGANISM
NO. OF AA
NO. OF TRANSM. HELICES
MOLECULAR WEIGHT[Da]
SOURCE
SEQUENCE
LOCALIZATION PREDICTION
The reliability class of the localization prediction ranges from 1 (very reliable) to 5 (not reliable).
The reliability class of the localization prediction ranges from 1 (very reliable) to 5 (not reliable). CPCS_SYNP2
Synechococcus sp. (strain ATCC 27264 / PCC 7002 / PR-6)
198
0
22525
Swiss-Prot
-
CPCU_SYNP2
Synechococcus sp. (strain ATCC 27264 / PCC 7002 / PR-6)
183
0
20596
Swiss-Prot
-
CPES_PROMP
Prochlorococcus marinus subsp. pastoris (strain CCMP1986 / NIES-2087 / MED4)
183
0
21154
Swiss-Prot
-
CPXS_THEVB
Thermosynechococcus vestitus (strain NIES-2133 / IAM M-273 / BP-1)
182
0
20363
Swiss-Prot
-
CPCS1_NOSS1
Nostoc sp. (strain PCC 7120 / SAG 25.82 / UTEX 2576)
188
0
20704
Swiss-Prot
other Location (Reliability: 2)
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MOLECULAR WEIGHT
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
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SUBUNIT
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
dimer
heterodimer
additional information
additional information
in vitro, enzyme forms complexes with phycocyanobilin lyase CpcT which attaches phycocyanobilin to Cys154 of C-phycocyanin subunit beta
additional information
-
in vitro, enzyme forms complexes with phycocyanobilin lyase CpcT which attaches phycocyanobilin to Cys154 of C-phycocyanin subunit beta
additional information
-
in vitro, enzyme forms complexes with phycocyanobilin lyase CpcT which attaches phycocyanobilin to Cys154 of C-phycocyanin subunit beta
-
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CRYSTALLIZATION (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
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PROTEIN VARIANTS
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
C63T
kcat/Km for (2R,3E)-phycocyanobilin is 1.2fold lower than wild-type value
H21T/H22V
kcat/Km for (2R,3E)-phycocyanobilin is 3fold lower than wild-type value
H22V
kcat/Km for (2R,3E)-phycocyanobilin is 2.5fold lower than wild-type value
H80L
kcat/Km for (2R,3E)-phycocyanobilin is 1.5fold lower than wild-type value
R147Q
kcat/Km for (2R,3E)-phycocyanobilin is 3fold lower than wild-type value
R169L
kcat/Km for (2R,3E)-phycocyanobilin is 1.7fold lower than wild-type value, loss of fidelity in chromophore attachment
R18V
kcat/Km for (2R,3E)-phycocyanobilin is 7.5fold lower than wild-type value
W69M
kcat/Km for (2R,3E)-phycocyanobilin is 1.1fold higher than wild-type value
W75S
kcat/Km for (2R,3E)-phycocyanobilin is 3fold lower than wild-type value
H21T/H22V
-
kcat/Km for (2R,3E)-phycocyanobilin is 3fold lower than wild-type value
-
H22V
-
kcat/Km for (2R,3E)-phycocyanobilin is 2.5fold lower than wild-type value
-
R18V
-
kcat/Km for (2R,3E)-phycocyanobilin is 7.5fold lower than wild-type value
-
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PURIFICATION (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
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CLONED (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
expression in Escherichia coli
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APPLICATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
synthesis
synthesis
simultaneous expression of the phycocyanobilin-producing genes hox1 and pcyA of Arthrospira platensis with the phycobiliprotein gene cpcB and the lyase gene cpcS/U in Escherichia coli. Phycobiliprotein cpcB is successfully synthesized in Escherichia coli and co-expressed phycocyanobilins are attached though at a relatively low efficiency. The attachment of phycocyanobilins to phycobiliprotein cpcB is carried out mainly by co-expressed lyase cpcS/U but cpcB also shows some autocatalytic activity
synthesis
-
simultaneous expression of the phycocyanobilin-producing genes hox1 and pcyA of Arthrospira platensis with the phycobiliprotein gene cpcB and the lyase gene cpcS/U in Escherichia coli. Phycobiliprotein cpcB is successfully synthesized in Escherichia coli and co-expressed phycocyanobilins are attached though at a relatively low efficiency. The attachment of phycocyanobilins to phycobiliprotein cpcB is carried out mainly by co-expressed lyase cpcS/U but cpcB also shows some autocatalytic activity
-
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REF.
AUTHORS
TITLE
JOURNAL
VOL.
PAGES
YEAR
ORGANISM (UNIPROT)
PUBMED ID
SOURCE
Zhao, K.H.; Su, P.; Li, J.; Tu, J.M.; Zhou, M.; Bubenzer, C.; Scheer, H.
Chromophore attachment to phycobiliprotein beta-subunits: phycocyanobilin:cysteine-beta84 phycobiliprotein lyase activity of CpeS-like protein from Anabaena Sp. PCC7120
J. Biol. Chem.
281
8573-8581
2006
Anabaena sp. (Q8YZ70), Anabaena sp. PCC 7120 (Q8YZ70)
brenda
Biswas, A.; Vasquez, Y.; Dragomani, T.; Kronfel, M.; Williams, S.; Alvey, R.; Bryant, D.; Schluchter, W.
Biosynthesis of cyanobacterial phycobiliproteins in Escherichia coli: Chromophorylation efficiency and specificity of all bilin lyases from Synechococcus sp. strain PCC 7002
Appl. Environ. Microbiol.
76
2729-2739
2010
Synechococcus sp. (A8HTM2)
brenda
Kronfel, C.; Kuzin, A.; Forouhar, F.; Biswas, A.; Su, M.; Lew, S.; Seetharaman, J.; Xiao, R.; Everett, J.; Ma, L.; Acton, T.; Montelione, G.; Hunt, J.; Paul, C.; Dragomani, T.; Boutaghou, M.; Cole, R.; Riml, C.; Alvey, R.; Bryant, D.; Schluchter, W.
Structural and biochemical characterization of the bilin lyase cpcs from Thermosynechococcus elongatus
Biochemistry
52
8663-8676
2013
Thermosynechococcus vestitus (Q8DI91)
brenda
Zhao, K.; Zhang, J.; Tu, J.; Bhm, S.; Plscher, M.; Eichacker, L.; Bubenzer, C.; Scheer, H.; Wang, X.; Zhou, M.
Lyase activities of CpcS- and CpcT-like proteins from Nostoc PCC7120 and sequential reconstitution of binding sites of phycoerythrocyanin and phycocyanin beta-subunits
J. Biol. Chem.
282
34093-34103
2007
Nostoc sp. (Q8YZ70), Nostoc sp., Nostoc sp. PCC 7120 (Q8YZ70)
brenda
Shen, G.; Schluchter, W.; Bryant, D.
Biogenesis of phycobiliproteins: I. cpcS-I and cpcU mutants of the cyanobacterium Synechococcus sp. PCC 7002 define a heterodimeric phyococyanobilin lyase specific for beta-phycocyanin and allophycocyanin subunits
J. Biol. Chem.
283
7503-7512
2008
Synechococcus sp. (A8HTM2)
brenda
Saunee, N.A.; Williams, S.R.; Bryant, D.A.; Schluchter, W.M.
Biogenesis of phycobiliproteins: II. CpcS-I and CpcU comprise the heterodimeric bilin lyase that attaches phycocyanobilin to CYS-82 OF beta-phycocyanin and CYS-81 of allophycocyanin subunits in Synechococcus sp. PCC 7002
J. Biol. Chem.
283
7513-7522
2008
Synechococcus sp. (A8HTN2 and A8HTM2), Synechococcus sp., Synechococcus sp. ATCC 27264 (A8HTN2 and A8HTM2)
brenda
Kupka, M.; Zhang, J.; Fu, W.L.; Tu, J.M.; Bohm, S.; Su, P.; Chen, Y.; Zhou, M.; Scheer, H.; Zhao, K.H.
Catalytic mechanism of S-type phycobiliprotein lyase: chaperone-like action and functional amino acid residues
J. Biol. Chem.
284
36405-36414
2009
Anabaena sp. (Q8YZ70), Anabaena sp. PCC 7120 (Q8YZ70)
brenda
Wiethaus, J.; Busch, A.; Kock, K.; Leichert, L.; Herrmann, C.; Frankenberg-Dinkel, N.
CpeS is a lyase specific for attachment of 3Z-PEB to Cys82 of beta-phycoerythrin from Prochlorococcus marinus MED4
J. Biol. Chem.
285
37561-37569
2010
Prochlorococcus marinus subsp. pastoris (Q7V2Z2), Prochlorococcus marinus subsp. pastoris MED4 (Q7V2Z2)
brenda
Biswas, A.; Boutaghou, M.; Alvey, R.; Kronfel, C.; Cole, R.; Bryant, D.; Schluchter, W.
Characterization of the activities of the CpeY, CpeZ, and CpeS bilin lyases in phycoerythrin biosynthesis in Fremyella diplosiphon strain UTEX 481
J. Biol. Chem.
286
35509-35521
2011
Microchaete diplosiphon, Microchaete diplosiphon (Q9ALZ8)
brenda
Yi, J.; Xu, D.; Zang, X.; Yuan, D.; Zhao, B.; Tang, L.; Tan, Y.; Zhang, X.
Lyase activities of heterologous CpcS and CpcT for phycocyanin holo-beta-subunit from Arthrospira platensis in Escherichia coli
J. Ocean Univ. China
13
497-502
2014
Synechococcus sp. (A8HTN2), Synechococcus sp. ATCC 27264 (A8HTN2)
-
brenda
Tu, J.M.; Kupka, M.; Boehm, S.; Ploescher, M.; Eichacker, L.; Zhao, K.H.; Scheer, H.
Intermediate binding of phycocyanobilin to the lyase, CpeS1, and transfer to apoprotein
Photosynth. Res.
95
163-168
2008
Nostoc sp. (Q8YZ70), Nostoc sp. PCC 7120 (Q8YZ70)
brenda
Zhao, K.H.; Su, P.; Tu, J.M.; Wang, X.; Liu, H.; Ploscher, M.; Eichacker, L.; Yang, B.; Zhou, M.; Scheer, H.
Phycobilin:cystein-84 biliprotein lyase, a near-universal lyase for cysteine-84-binding sites in cyanobacterial phycobiliproteins
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA
104
14300-14305
2007
Anabaena sp. (Q8YZ70), Anabaena sp. PCC 7120 (Q8YZ70)
brenda
Wu, F.; Zang, X.; Zhang, X.; Zhang, R.; Huang, X.; Hou, L.; Jiang, M.; Liu, C.; Pang, C.
Molecular cloning of CpcU and heterodimeric bilin lyase activity analysis of CpcU and CpcS for attachment of phycocyanobilin to Cys-82 on the beta-subunit of phycocyanin in Arthrospira platensis FACHB314
Molecules
21
357
2016
Arthrospira platensis, Arthrospira platensis FACHB314
brenda
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