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CSD is expressed in the glandular epithelium of the bulbourethral gland
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level of enzyme mRNA and protein increases from testis to epididymis to ductus deferens, main cell types containing enzyme are Leydig cells of testis, epithelial cells and some stromal cells
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of embryo
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pronephric duct of embryo
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CSD is expressed in the epithelial cells of the intermediate segments of prostate gland
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CSD messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein are expressed in the major salivary glands of male mice. The relative levels of CSD mRNA increase from the submandibular gland (SMG) to the sublingual gland (SLG) and parotid gland (PG), but the levels of the CSD protein are the opposite
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CSD is expressed in the tall columnar cells of the seminal vesicle
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of embryo
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cerebellum
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cerebellum, medulla oblongata, pons, hypothalamus, striatum, midbrain, hippocampus, cerebral cortex
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immunocytochemical visualization of sulfinoalanine decarboxylase with a specific antiserum
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glial localization in cerebellum
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strictly localized in astrocytes in the cerebellum and in the hippocampus
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astrocytes in the cerebellum and hippocampus
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strong expression
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level of enzyme mRNA and protein increases from testis to epididymis to ductus deferens, main cell types containing enzyme are Leydig cells of testis, epithelial cells and some stromal cells
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isozyme CSAD1 shows highest expression levels in gonads and hemolymph
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isozyme CSAD2 shows highest expression levels in gonads and hemolymph
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strong expression
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isozyme CSAD1 shows highest expression levels in gonads and hemolymph
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isozyme CSAD2 shows highest expression levels in gonads and hemolymph
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taurine depletion significantly elevates both hepatic and renal CSAD activity above the values for cats having normal taurine status
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restricted localization of CSD mRNA in the cortical and medullary proximal straight tubules
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of embryo
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taurine depletion significantly elevates both hepatic and renal CSAD activity above the values for cats having normal taurine status
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highest expression level
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activity is almost constant throughout the fish growth cycle, CDS does not seem to be responsible for low production of taurine in juvenile fish
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4236, 4237, 4241, 4242, 4245, 4247, 4248, 4251, 681554, 681556, 701655 brenda
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female livers contain only 5% of the cysteinesulfinate decarboxylase activity of male livers
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enzyme activity is sifgnificantly lower in aged F344 rats but not in Sprague-Dawley and F344/Brown-Norway hybrid
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high enzyme expression level
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weak expression
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of embryo
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strong expression
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high enzyme expression level
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strong expression
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of embryo
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concentrated in the inner plexiform layer, in the amacrine cells
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strong expression
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level of enzyme mRNA and protein increases from testis to epididymis to ductus deferens, main cell types containing enzyme are Leydig cells of testis, epithelial cells and some stromal cells
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additional information
tissue-specific expression pattern of CSAD isozymes, overview. The enzyme is ubiquitously expressed with highest level of enzyme in gills
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additional information
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tissue-specific expression pattern of CSAD isozymes, overview. The enzyme is ubiquitously expressed with highest level of enzyme in gills
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additional information
tissue-specific expression pattern of CSAD isozymes, overview. Expression levels of isozyme CSAD1 are higher compared to isozyme CSAD2
brenda
additional information
tissue-specific expression pattern of CSAD isozymes, overview. Expression levels of isozyme CSAD1 are higher compared to isozyme CSAD2
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additional information
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tissue-specific expression pattern of CSAD isozymes, overview. Expression levels of isozyme CSAD1 are higher compared to isozyme CSAD2
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additional information
enzyme is expressed in yolk syncytial layer and various embryonic tissues such as notochord, brain, retina, pronephric duct, liver, and pancreas
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additional information
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enzyme is expressed in yolk syncytial layer and various embryonic tissues such as notochord, brain, retina, pronephric duct, liver, and pancreas
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additional information
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no enzyme expression in heart
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additional information
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tissue specificity
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additional information
the enzyme is mainly located in the excretory ducts (EDs) and interlobular duct (IL) of submandibular gland (SMG) and ED in sublingual gland (SLG), respectively. The relative levels of CSD mRNA increase from the submandibular gland (SMG) to the sublingual gland (SLG) and parotid gland (PG), but the levels of the CSD protein are the opposite. Immunofluorescence for the expression of CSD and alpha-SMA in SMG, SLG, and PG
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additional information
no enzyme expression in skeletal muscle
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additional information
no enzyme expression in gill, heart, stomach, pancreas, and skeletal and dark muscles
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Wu, J.Y.
Purification and characterization of cysteic acid and cysteine sulfinic acid decarboxylase and L-glutamate decarboxylase from bovine brain
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA
79
4270-4274
1982
Bos taurus
brenda
Jacobsen, J.G.; Thomas, L.L.; Smith Jr., L.H.
Properties and distribution of mammalian L-cysteine sulfinate carboxy-lyase
Biochim. Biophys. Acta
85
103-116
1964
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Guion-Rain, M.C.; Portemer, C.; Chatagner, F.
Rat liver cysteine sulfinate decarboxylase: purification, new appraisal of the molecular weight and determination of catalytic properties
Biochim. Biophys. Acta
384
265-276
1975
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Urban, P.F.; Reichert, P.
Purification of rat brain cysteine sulphinate decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.29)
Biochem. Soc. Trans.
9
106
1981
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Urban, P.F.; Reichert, P.
Purification and properties of specific cysteine sulphinate decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.29) from rat brain
Biochem. Soc. Trans.
10
59-60
1982
Rattus norvegicus
-
brenda
Griffith, O.W.
Cysteinesulfinate metabolism. Altered partitioning between transamination and decarboxylation following administration of beta-methyleneaspartate
J. Biol. Chem.
258
1591-1598
1983
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Urban, P.F.; Reichert, P.
Immunological distribution of cysteine sulphinate decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.29) in rat tissues
Biochem. Soc. Trans.
12
817-818
1984
Rattus norvegicus
-
brenda
Wu, J.Y.
GABA and taurine enzymes in mammalian brain
Curr. Top. Cell. Regul.
24
119-128
1984
Bos taurus, Mammalia
brenda
Weinstein, C.L.; Griffith, O.W.
Multiple forms of rat liver cysteinesulfinate decarboxylase
J. Biol. Chem.
262
7254-7263
1987
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Aberhart, D.J.
Stereochemistry of cysteinesulphinic acid decarboxylase
J. Chem. Soc. Perkin Trans. I
1988
1547-1550
1988
Rattus norvegicus
-
brenda
Ide, T.
Simple high-performance liquid chromatographic method for assaying cysteinesulfinic acid decarboxylase activity in rat tissue
J. Chromatogr.
694
325-332
1997
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Do, K.Q.; Tappaz, M.L.
Specificity of cysteine sulfinate decarboxylase (CSD) for sulfur-containing amino-acids
Neurochem. Int.
28
363-371
1996
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Reymond, I.; Almarghini, K.; Tappaz, M.
Immunocytochemical localization of cysteine sulfinate decarboxylase in astrocytes in the cerebellum and hippocampus: a quantitative double immunofluorescence study with glial fibrillary acidic protein and S-100 protein
Neuroscience
75
619-633
1996
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Jerkins, A.A.; Steele, R.D.
Cysteine sulfinic acid decarboxylase activity in response to thyroid hormone administration in rats
Arch. Biochem. Biophys.
286
428-432
1991
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Jerkins, A.A.; Steele, R.D.
Dietary sulfur amino acid modulation of cysteine sulfinic acid decarboxylase
Am. J. Physiol.
261
E551-555
1991
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Remy, A.; Henry, S.; Tappaz, M.
Specific antiserum and monoclonal antibodies against the taurine biosynthesis enzyme cysteine sulfinate decarboxylase: identity of brain and liver enzyme
J. Neurochem.
54
870-879
1990
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Kaisakia, P.J.; Jerkins, A.A.; Goodspeed, D.C.; Steele, R.D.
Cloning and characterization of rat cysteine sulfinic acid decarboxylase
Biochim. Biophys. Acta
1262
79-82
1995
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Kaisakia, P.J.; Jerkins, A.A.; Goodspeed, D.C.; Steele, R.D.
Erratum to Cloning and characterization of rat cysteine sulfinic acid decarboxylase
Biochim. Biophys. Acta
1263
179
1995
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Kishimoto, T.; Kokura, K.; Nakadai, T.; Miyazawa, Y.; Wakamatsu, T.; Makino, Y.; Nakamura, T.; Hara, E.; Oda, K.; Muramatsu, M.; Tamura, T.
Overexpression of cysteine sulfinic acid decarboxylase stimulated by hepatocarcinogenesis results in autoantibody production in rats
Cancer Res.
56
5230-5237
1996
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Almarghini, K.; Remy, A.; Tappaz, M.
Immunocytochemistry, of the taurine biosynthesis enzyme, cysteine sulfinate decarboxylase, in the cerebellum: evidence for a glial localization
Neuroscience
43
111-119
1991
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Jin, H.; Jones, E.E.
Studies on the purification and partial characterization of cysteinesulfinic acid decarboxylase from porcine liver
J. Biochem. Mol. Biol.
29
335-342
1996
Sus scrofa
-
brenda
Tang, X.W.; Hsu, C.C.; Sun, Y.; Wu, E.; Yang, C.Y.; Wu, J.Y.
Multiplicity of brain cysteine sulfinic acid decarboxylase - purification, characterization and subunit structure
J. Biomed. Sci.
3
442-453
1996
Sus scrofa
brenda
Yokoyama, M.; Takeuchi, T.; Park, G.S.; Nakazoe, J.
Hepatic cysteinesulphinate decarboxylase activity in fish.
Aquac. Res.
32
216-220
2001
Oncorhynchus mykiss, Paralichthys olivaceus, no activity in Seriola quinqueradiata, no activity in Thunnus thynnus, no activity in Katsuwonus pelamis
brenda
Park, E.; Park, S.Y.; Wang, C.; Xu, J.; LaFauci, G.; Schuller-Levis, G.
Cloning of murine cysteine sulfinic acid decarboxylase and its mRNA expression in murine tissues
Biochim. Biophys. Acta
1574
403-406
2002
Mus musculus (Q8K566), Mus musculus
brenda
Davis, K.; Foos, T.; Wu, J.Y.; Schloss, J.V.
Oxygen-induced seizures and inhibition of human glutamate decarboxylase and porcine cysteine sulfinic acid decarboxylase by oxygen and nitric oxide
J. Biomed. Sci.
8
359-364
2001
Sus scrofa
brenda
Park, T.; Rogers, Q.R.
Hepatic and renal cysteine sulfinic acid decarboxylase activities in cats fed different levels of dietary protein and taurine
J. Food Sci. Nutr.
4
47-51
1999
Felis catus
-
brenda
Reymond, I.; Bitoun, M.; Levillain, O.; Tappaz, M.
Regional expression and histological localization of cysteine sulfinate decarboxylase mRNA in the rat kidney
J. Histochem. Cytochem.
48
1461-1468
2000
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Eppler, B.; Dawson, R.Jr.
Cysteine sulfinate decarboxylase and cysteine dioxygenase activities do not correlate with strain-specific changes in hepatic and cerebellar taurine content in aged rats
Mech. Ageing Dev.
110
57-72
1999
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Li, J.H.; Ling, Y.Q.; Fan, J.J.; Zhang, X.P.; Cui, S.
Expression of cysteine sulfinate decarboxylase (CSD) in male reproductive organs of mice
Histochem. Cell Biol.
125
607-613
2005
Mus musculus
brenda
Skoldberg, F.; Rorsman, F.; Perheentupa, J.; Landin-Olsson, M.; Husebye, E.S.; Gustafsson, J.; Kampe, O.
Analysis of antibody reactivity against cysteine sulfinic acid decarboxylase, a pyridoxal phosphate-dependent enzyme, in endocrine autoimmune disease
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.
89
1636-1640
2004
Homo sapiens (Q9Y600), Homo sapiens
brenda
Ko, K.S.; Torres, C.L.; Fascetti, A.J.; Stipanuk, M.H.; Hirschberger, L.; Rogers, Q.R.
Copper deficiency does not lead to taurine deficiency in rats
J. Nutr.
136
2502-2505
2006
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Ueki, I.; Stipanuk, M.H.
Enzymes of the taurine biosynthetic pathway are expressed in rat mammary gland
J. Nutr.
137
1887-1894
2007
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Ueki, I.; Stipanuk, M.H.
3T3-L1 adipocytes and rat adipose tissue have a high capacity for taurine synthesis by the cysteine dioxygenase/cysteinesulfinate decarboxylase and cysteamine dioxygenase pathways
J. Nutr.
139
207-214
2009
Mus musculus
brenda
Honjoh, K.I.; Matsuura, K.; Machida, T.; Nishi, K.; Nakao, M.; Yano, T.; Miyamoto, T.; Iio, M.
Enhancement of menadione stress tolerance in yeast by accumulation of hypotaurine and taurine: co-expression of cDNA clones, from Cyprinus carpio, for cysteine dioxygenase and cysteine sulfinate decarboxylase in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Amino Acids
38
1173-1183
2009
Cyprinus carpio (Q2PFL0), Cyprinus carpio
brenda
Yang, J.; Wu, G.; Feng, Y.; Sun, C.; Lin, S.; Hu, J.
CSD mRNA expression in rat testis and the effect of taurine on testosterone secretion
Amino Acids
39
155-160
2009
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Fan, J.J.; Zhou, J.L.; Li, J.H.; Cui, S.
Accessory sex glands of male mice have the ability to synthesize taurine via the cysteine sulfinate decarboxylase pathway
Cell Biol. Int.
33
684-689
2009
Mus musculus
brenda
Liu, P.; Torrens-Spence, M.P.; Ding, H.; Christensen, B.M.; Li, J.
Mechanism of cysteine-dependent inactivation of aspartate/glutamate/cysteine sulfinic acid alpha-decarboxylases
Amino Acids
44
391-404
2013
Homo sapiens
brenda
Chang, Y.C.; Ding, S.T.; Lee, Y.H.; Wang, Y.C.; Huang, M.F.; Liu, I.H.
Taurine homeostasis requires de novo synthesis via cysteine sulfinic acid decarboxylase during zebrafish early embryogenesis
Amino Acids
44
615-629
2013
Danio rerio (Q5U3I6), Danio rerio
brenda
Kerr, T.; Matsumoto, Y.; Matsumoto, H.; Xie, Y.; Hirschberger, L.; Stipanuk, M.; Anakk, S.; Moore, D.; Watanabe, M.; Kennedy, S.; Davidson, N.
Cysteine sulfinic acid decarboxylase regulation: A role for farnesoid X receptor and small heterodimer partner in murine hepatic taurine metabolism
Hepatol. Res.
44
E218-228
2014
Mus musculus
brenda
Saenko, S.V.; Jeronimo, M.A.; Beldade, P.
Genetic basis of stage-specific melanism: a putative role for a cysteine sulfinic acid decarboxylase in insect pigmentation
Heredity
108
594-601
2012
Bicyclus anynana (G8FGR5), Bicyclus anynana
brenda
Liu, P.; Ding, H.; Christensen, B.M.; Li, J.
Cysteine sulfinic acid decarboxylase activity of Aedes aegypti aspartate 1-decarboxylase: the structural basis of its substrate selectivity
Insect Biochem. Mol. Biol.
42
396-403
2012
Aedes aegypti
brenda
Nagasaki, T.; Hongo, Y.; Koito, T.; Nakamura-Kusakabe, I.; Shimamura, S.; Takaki, Y.; Yoshida, T.; Maruyama, T.; Inoue, K.
Cysteine dioxygenase and cysteine sulfinate decarboxylase genes of the deep-sea mussel Bathymodiolus septemdierum possible involvement in hypotaurine synthesis and adaptation to hydrogen sulfide
Amino Acids
47
571-578
2015
Bathymodiolus septemdierum (A0A0A8J1X6), Bathymodiolus septemdierum
brenda
Haga, Y.; Kondo, H.; Kumagai, A.; Satoh, N.; Hirono, I.; Satoh, S.
Isolation, molecular characterization of cysteine sulfinic acid decarboxylase (CSD) of red sea bream Pagrus major and yellowtail Seriola quinqueradiata and expression analysis of CSD from several marine fish species
Aquaculture
449
8-17
2015
Anguilla japonica, Cyprinus carpio (Q2PFL0), Danio rerio (Q5U3I6), Gasterosteus aculeatus (G3P4S6), Lateolabrax japonicus, Oryzias latipes (H2LVH5), Pagrus major (A0A0N9E6Z6), Seriola quinqueradiata (A0A0N9E6M5), Takifugu rubripes (Q1KKU1), Tetraodon nigroviridis (H3DC51), Verasper moseri
-
brenda
Liu, S.; Liu, Y.; Ma, Q.; Cui, S.; Liu, J.
Expression and localization of cysteine sulfinate decarboxylase in major salivary glands of male mice
Arch. Oral Biol.
60
615-621
2015
Mus musculus (Q9DBE0)
brenda
Deng, J.; Wu, Q.; Gao, H.; Ou, Q.; Wu, B.; Yan, B.; Jiang, C.
Molecular characterization and directed evolution of a metagenome-derived L-cysteine sulfinate decarboxylase
Food Technol. Biotechnol.
56
117-123
2018
unidentified prokaryotic organism (A0A2I9)
brenda
Park, E.; Park, S.Y.; Dobkin, C.; Schuller-Levis, G.
Development of a novel cysteine sulfinic acid decarboxylase knockout mouse dietary taurine reduces neonatal mortality
J. Amino Acids
2014
346809
2014
Mus musculus (Q9DBE0), Mus musculus, Mus musculus C57BL/6 (Q9DBE0)
brenda
Zhao, X.; Li, Q.; Meng, Q.; Yue, C.; Xu, C.
Identification and expression of cysteine sulfinate decarboxylase, possible regulation of taurine biosynthesis in Crassostrea gigas in response to low salinity
Sci. Rep.
7
5505
2017
Crassostrea gigas (A0A221J366), Crassostrea gigas (A0A221J378), Crassostrea gigas
brenda