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EC Tree
The expected taxonomic range for this enzyme is: Bacteria, Eukaryota
Reaction Schemes
a ((E)-4-coumaroyl)-polysaccharide
+
=
+
a polysaccharide
Synonyms
p-coumaroyl esterase, rspcae,
more
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a ((E)-4-coumaroyl)-polysaccharide + H2O = (E)-4-coumarate + a polysaccharide
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(E)-4-coumaroyl-sugar hydrolase
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bagasse + H2O
coumaric acid + ?
beta-D-xylopyranosyl-(1->2)-5-O-[(E)-p-coumaroyl]-alpha-L-arabinofuranosyl-(1->3)-beta-D-xylopyranosyl-(1->4)-D-xylopyranose + H2O
beta-D-xylopyranosyl-(1->2)-alpha-L-arabinofuranosyl-(1->3)-beta-D-xylopyranosyl-(1->4)-D-xylopyranose + (2E)-4-hydroxycinnamate
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?
cell wall ((E)-4-coumaroyl)-polysaccharide + H2O
(E)-4-coumarate + a cell wall polysaccharide
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substrate: cell walls of Coastal berrnudagrass shoots
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?
chlorogenic acid + H2O
?
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?
chlorogenic acid + H2O
caffeic acid + (1S,3R,4R)-1,3,4,5-tetrahydroxycyclohexane-1-carboxylic acid
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?
ethyl cinnamate + H2O
?
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?
ethyl ferulate + H2O
?
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?
methyl caffeate + H2O
?
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?
methyl cinnamate + H2O
?
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?
methyl ferulate + H2O
?
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?
methyl p-coumarate + H2O
?
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?
methyl sinapate + H2O
?
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?
O-beta-D-xylopyranosyl-(1->4)-O-[5-O-((E)-p-coumaroyl)-alpha-L-arabinofuranosyl(1->3)]-O-beta-D-xylopyranosyl-(1->4)-D-xylopyranose + H2O
O-beta-D-xylopyranosyl-(1->4)-O-(alpha-L-arabinofuranosyl(1->3))-O-beta-D-xylopyranosyl-(1->4)-D-xylopyranose + (2E)-4-hydroxycinnamate
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?
switchgrass + H2O
coumaric acid + ?
[5-O-((E)-p-coumaroyl)-alpha-L-arabinofuranosyl]-(1->3)-beta-D-xylopyranosyl-(1->4)-D-xylopyranose + H2O
alpha-L-arabinofuranosyl-(1->3)-O-beta-D-xylopyranosyl-(1->4)-D-xylopyranose + (2E)-4-hydroxycinnamate
[5-O-feruloyl-alpha-L-arabinofuranosyl]-(1->3)-beta-D-xylopyranosyl-(1->4)-D-xylopyranose + H2O
ferulic acid + alpha-L-arabinofuranosyl-(1->3)-O-beta-D-xylopyranosyl-(1->4)-D-xylopyranose
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i.e. FAXX, very low activity
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?
additional information
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bagasse + H2O
coumaric acid + ?
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?
bagasse + H2O
coumaric acid + ?
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?
switchgrass + H2O
coumaric acid + ?
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?
switchgrass + H2O
coumaric acid + ?
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?
[5-O-((E)-p-coumaroyl)-alpha-L-arabinofuranosyl]-(1->3)-beta-D-xylopyranosyl-(1->4)-D-xylopyranose + H2O
alpha-L-arabinofuranosyl-(1->3)-O-beta-D-xylopyranosyl-(1->4)-D-xylopyranose + (2E)-4-hydroxycinnamate
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release of trans-p-coumarate follows Michalis-Menten kinetics
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?
[5-O-((E)-p-coumaroyl)-alpha-L-arabinofuranosyl]-(1->3)-beta-D-xylopyranosyl-(1->4)-D-xylopyranose + H2O
alpha-L-arabinofuranosyl-(1->3)-O-beta-D-xylopyranosyl-(1->4)-D-xylopyranose + (2E)-4-hydroxycinnamate
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i.e. PAXX
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?
additional information
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enzyme degrades primarily unlignified cell walls in leaf blades and stems and shows esterase activity against both the plant cell wall and methyl ester substrates
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additional information
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p-coumaroyl tetrasaccharides isolated from plant cell walls are hydrolyzed at rates similar to that for PAXX, whereas a dimer of PAXX is hydrolyzed at a rate 20fold lower, yielding 4,4'-dihydroxy-alpha-truxillic acid as an end product. Ethyl and methyl p-coumarates are hydrolyzed at very slow rates, if at all. No substrates: coastal Bermuda grass cell walls, acetylxylan, xylan, avicel, carboxymethyl cellulose, 4-nitrophenyl acetate, 4-nitrophenyl glucopyranoside, 4-nitrophenyl xylopyranoside, 4-nitrophenyl arabinofuranoside
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?
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Co2+
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5 mM, 23% inhibition
Cu2+
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5 mM, 16% inhibition
dithiothreitol
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10 mM, 26% inhibition
Fe2+
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1 mM, 19% inhibition
Hg2+
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1 mM, 58% inhibition
NaCl
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150 mM, 15% inhibition
SDS
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0.1%, 85% inhibition
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0.0183
chlorogenic acid
pH 6.0, 37°C
0.0285
methyl caffeate
pH 6.0, 37°C
0.0358
methyl p-coumarate
pH 6.0, 37°C
0.0132 - 0.0194
[5-O-((E)-p-coumaroyl)-alpha-L-arabinofuranosyl]-(1->3)-beta-D-xylopyranosyl-(1->4)-D-xylopyranose
0.0132
[5-O-((E)-p-coumaroyl)-alpha-L-arabinofuranosyl]-(1->3)-beta-D-xylopyranosyl-(1->4)-D-xylopyranose
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pH 7.5, 30°C
0.0194
[5-O-((E)-p-coumaroyl)-alpha-L-arabinofuranosyl]-(1->3)-beta-D-xylopyranosyl-(1->4)-D-xylopyranose
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pH 7.2, 40°C
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29.3
chlorogenic acid
pH 6.0, 37°C
20
methyl caffeate
pH 6.0, 37°C
33.1
methyl p-coumarate
pH 6.0, 37°C
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1598.4
chlorogenic acid
pH 6.0, 37°C
701.8
methyl caffeate
pH 6.0, 37°C
925.3
methyl p-coumarate
pH 6.0, 37°C
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4.34
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O-beta-D-xylopyranosyl-(1->4)-O-[5-O-((E)-p-coumaroyl)-alpha-L-arabinofuranosyl(1->3)]-O-beta-D-xylopyranosyl-(1->4)-D-xylopyranose, pH 7.0, 40°C
4.91
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substrate [5-O-((E)-p-coumaroyl)-alpha-L-arabinofuranosyl]-(1->3)-beta-D-xylopyranosyl-(1->4)-D-xylopyranose, pH 7.0, 40°C
6.01
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substrate beta-D-xylopyranosyl-(1->2)-5-O-[(E)-p-coumaroyl]-alpha-L-arabinofuranosyl-(1->3)-beta-D-xylopyranosyl-(1->4)-D-xylopyranose, pH 7.0, 40°C
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6
substrate: methyl ferulate
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4 - 7
the enzyme retaines more than 50% residual activity in the pH range 4.0-7.0. At pH 7.5 less than 10% residual activity is detected, while no activity is found at pH 8.0, substrate: methyl ferulate
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20 - 40
20°C: about 75% of maximal activity, 40°C: about 60% of maximal activity. The enzyme still possesses more than 80% residual activity at 37°C, activity decreases drastically above 40°C, reaching a plateau of approximately 10% activity between 50°C and 90°C
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4.7
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isoelectric focusing
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UniProt
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additional information
submerged cultures of Rhizoctonia solani grown in the presence of sugar beet pectin or Tween 80
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additional information
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submerged cultures of Rhizoctonia solani grown in the presence of sugar beet pectin or Tween 80
brenda
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brenda
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brenda
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physiological function
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cellulase preparations from a mutant strain lacking the scaffoldin cipA still show activity, though diminished. Deletion of all three proteins in Clostridium thermocellum with ferulic acid esterase domains, either singly or in combination, does not eliminate the activity
physiological function
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the purified esterase releases p-coumaroyl groups from finely, but not coarsely, ground plant cell walls, and this activity is enhanced by the addition of xylanase and other cell wall-degrading enzymes
physiological function
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cellulase preparations from a mutant strain lacking the scaffoldin cipA still show activity, though diminished. Deletion of all three proteins in Clostridium thermocellum with ferulic acid esterase domains, either singly or in combination, does not eliminate the activity
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A0A1D0BQV8_9AGAM
563
0
61146
TrEMBL
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5800
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2 * 5800, SDS-PAGE
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dimer
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2 * 5800, SDS-PAGE
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30
1 h, 55% residual activity
40
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6 h, more than 90% activity
40
1 h, activity is almost lost
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Glycerol
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15% V/V, 12% increase in activity
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-80°C, 5% (w/v) betaine, 150 mM NaCl, 0.02% (w/v) NaN3, 1 mM EDTA, 1 mM PMSF, 15% v/v glycerol, 1 month, 40% loss of activity
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purification from culture medium
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heterologously expressed in Pichia pastoris. Recombinant enzyme production on the 5-L bioreactor scale exceeds the productivity of the wild type strain by a factor of 800
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isolate MC-2 produces substantially greater amounts of feruloyl and p-coumaroyl esterase when the growth substrate contains higher levels of saponifiable ferulic and p-coumaric acids
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analysis
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assay for catalytic activity using reverse-phase HPLC analysis of 4-coumaric acid released. As little as 100 ng of acid can be determined
food industry
the enzyme is used to decrease 5-O-chlorogenic acid content in coffee powder. As chlorogenic acids are suspected to cause stomach irritating effects in sensitive people, the enzyme treatment offers a technically feasible approach to improve the quality of coffee beverages by reducing 5-O-chlorogenic acid concentration without significantly affecting the aroma and taste profile
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Borneman, W.S.; Hartley, R.D.; Himmelsbach, D.S.; Ljungdahl, L.G.
Assay for trans-p-coumaroyl esterase using a specific substrate from plant cell walls
Anal. Biochem.
190
129-133
1990
Neocallimastix sp. MC-2
brenda
Borneman, W.S.; Ljungdahl, L.G.; Hartley, R.D.; Akin, D.E.
Isolation and characterization of p-coumaroyl esterase from the anaerobic fungus Neocallimastix strain MC-2
Appl. Environ. Microbiol.
57
2337-2344
1991
Neocallimastix sp. MC-2
brenda
Herring, C.D.; Thorne, P.G.; Lynd, L.R.
Clostridium thermocellum releases coumaric acid during degradation of untreated grasses by the action of an unknown enzyme
Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol.
100
2907-2915
2016
Acetivibrio thermocellus, Acetivibrio thermocellus ATCC 27405
brenda
Borneman, W.S.; Hartley, R.D.; Morrison, H.; Akin, D.E.; Ljungdahl, L.G.
Feruloyl and p-coumaroyl esterase from anaerobic fungi in relation to plant cell wall degradation
Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol.
33
345-351
1990
Neocallimastix sp. MC-2
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brenda
Nieter, A.; Kelle, S.; Linke, D.; Berger, R.G.
A p-coumaroyl esterase from Rhizoctonia solani with a pronounced chlorogenic acid esterase activity
New Biotechnol.
37
153-161
2017
Rhizoctonia solani (A0A1D0BQV8), Rhizoctonia solani
brenda
Siebert, M.; Berger, R.G.; Nieter, A.
Enzymatic mitigation of 5-O-chlorogenic acid for an improved digestibility of coffee
Food Chem.
258
124-128
2018
Rhizoctonia solani (A0A1D0BQV8), Rhizoctonia solani
brenda
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